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61.
播种深度和土壤水分对黄花补血草种子萌发的影响 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
采集来自腾格里沙漠的黄花补血草种子,分别设置7个水分梯度(3.0%, 5.0%, 8.0%, 10.0%, 15.0%,18.0%,20%) 和6个播种深度(0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 cm),进行黑暗(10~15 ℃)和光照(20~25 ℃)处理,研究水分、埋藏深度和温度对黄花补血草种子萌发和出苗的影响。结果表明:黄花补血草种子吸涨速率很快,在6 h种子吸水达到饱和;在土壤水分为3.0%~10.0%时,种子萌发率较高,当土壤水分达到20%时,萌发受到抑制;种子埋藏越深,萌发率越低,土壤水分太低或者太高,都不利于种子萌发。黄花补血草种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳条件是:白天温度在25 ℃,夜间温度在15 ℃,土壤水分为10.0%,埋藏深度为0.5 cm时种子萌发率和出苗率最高。 相似文献
62.
2007年晚春冷涝灾害导致早稻严重死苗原因浅析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
2007年4月3~11日和4月23日,玉林市出现持续时间长的晚春低温冷害及暴雨涝灾,造成玉林农业气象观测地段早稻严重死苗,且观测地段灾情明显重于周围稻田。通过分析找到了天气灾害及管理等方面的原因。 相似文献
63.
不同供水条件下梭梭幼苗生长动态的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在自然条件下,以梭梭幼苗为研究对象,设计单次供水10、20、40、60 mm和80 mm 5个水分梯度,模拟不同融雪量对幼苗在生长季节内影响变化的情况。结果表明,供水量显著影响了梭梭的幼苗高、根长、苗干重、根干重、基径。在整个生长季的一些阶段,对苗高、根长、苗干重、根干重、基径生长率影响显著,对其根冠比也有显著的影响。在实验供水范围内,供水越多,越有利于梭梭幼苗存活与生长。梭梭幼苗垂直根长大约是株高的3~5倍,梭梭垂直根长增加的速率明显大于高度增长的速率(一般为2~6倍,最大甚至超过10倍),因此,在干旱期来临之前,幼苗根系的快速生长对其成活起着决定性作用。 相似文献
64.
Lynn M. Resler 《The Professional geographer》2006,58(2):124-138
This study examines the role of surface geomorphic features in tree establishment at the alpine treeline in Glacier National Park, Montana, through the presentation of a multiscale, conceptual model of biogeomorphic relationships at alpine treeline. Empirical observations gathered through a multiscale field methodology over three summers serve as a base for the model. The model highlights the importance of surface geomorphic features, specifically boulders and terrace risers, in creating favorable local site conditions, largely by protecting seedlings from wind. The sheltering effect of surface features enables initial seedling establishment, and in some cases survival, above current treeline locations, thereby initiating a positive feedback effect that encourages subsequent tree establishment. Geomorphic features are therefore important in linking scales of pattern and process at the alpine treeline ecotone. 相似文献
65.
Impact of salt stress on the features and activities of root system for three desert halophyte species in their seedling stage 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Linkage between belowground and aboveground sections of ecological system is mainly depending on root system. But root system is the parts of plant that people less understand. The absorption function of root system is closely related to their morphology and activity. Moreover root system can interact with the environmental stress under the adverse situation, and adjust its system to take adaptation responses in morphology and physiology to strengthen its survival chance. This research is focused on three desert halophyte species of H. ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bge., S. physophora Pall., and S. nitraria Pall. under solution culture, to study the differences of their root system morphology and activity in the seedling stage under varying salt concentration conditions. The study results show that: A certain salt concentration can promote development of these three halophytes; but rather high salt concentration will restrain their growth, in particular inhibit the root system development. Under the same salt concentration condition, S. nitraria Pall. grows fast and accumulates the largest amount of biomass. Under relatively low salt concentration, the length of axial root and the total length of root system of these three halophyte species are all increased; and compared to the checking samples, S. physophora Pall. occupies the top place of root system growth, but the high salt concentration will restrain the increase of total root length; among them, the impact intensity on S. physophora Pall. is lighter than to H. ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bge. and S. nitraria Pall. is lighter; the salinity does not bring distinct influence on the average diameter of root system of these three plant species, but trends to reducing the size; under the solution culture conditions, the middle and lower parts of the axial root of H. ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bge. and S. physophora Pall. are rather equally distributed, but the central zone of S. nitraria Pall. root system is more significantly increased than the upper and lower zones; salt concentration does not bring significant impact on the root system spatial distribution of each species. The root activity of the three plants is increased along with the increase of the salt concentration. When the salt concentration is low, the root activity is not significantly increased; but when the salt concentration is high, the root activity is increased significantly. The experimental results show that the saline tolerance capacity of H. ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bge. is lower than the other two species, and the capacity of S. physophora Pall. ranks the top place. 相似文献
66.
High soil temperatures influence seedling emergence as well as the performance of plant organs and yields. Temperatures of above 40°C were recorded in the topsoil of the Ferralsols of the semi-arid areas of SE-Kenya during the rainy season. Experiments were conducted in the climatological laboratory of the University of Trier, Germany, on two legumes (green grams and common beans var. kathika), grown by smallholder farmers in the study area under varying soil temperature conditions. The main objective was to examine the effect of soil temperature on various parameters: seedling emergence, crop water requirements, leaf area index and phenology of the two legumes. The simulated climatological laboratory conditions were similar to those at Kiboko, SE-Kenya. This study confirmed that under high soil temperature conditions, green grams are well adapted to semi-arid and hot tropical lowlands as well as lower midlands due to low water requirements, high seedling emergence rates and good yield performance. However, kathika beans were very susceptible to the simulated extreme climatic environment. By means of crop simulation modelling, a temporal differentiation for potential growth of green grams is presented for the long and short rains according to different rainfall conditions (ENSO, antiENSO, normal) over a period of 31 years. 相似文献
67.
Several studies in arid ecosystems have demonstrated that seedling establishment and survival were greater underneath the canopies of shrubs than in the open spaces between shrubs. These results led to the formulation of the hypothesis that seedling recruitment and survival were dependent on the shelter provided by shrub species (nurse-plant hypothesis). Seedling emergence and survival beneath and between the canopies of selected perennial shrub species were investigated at five localities in the Strandveld Succulent Karoo, each dominated by a different shrub species. Seedling emergence and survival were also examined at three localities dominated by annual species. In general, species richness and seedling densities were significantly higher in open areas than underneath shrubs, while seedling survival percentages did not differ significantly between microsites. Therefore, no evidence could be found to support the hypothesis that seedling recruitment and survival were facilitated by the presence of shrub species. Although most species will be able to establish in the absence of shrubs, the presence of woody species may have other advantages when restoring vegetation in mined areas. 相似文献
68.
虾夷扇贝人工苗种高产技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在虾夷扇贝苗种生产中,改进了亲贝升温促熟、产卵、孵化、幼虫培育等技术措施。在海上保苗中,选择适宜保苗袋和培养水深,使成活率明显提高,生长速度加快。在445m^3水体中,培育出商品苗(壳高1.5cm以上)1.5亿粒,取得较好的经济效益。 相似文献
69.
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