中国粮食生产效率空间溢出网络及提升路径

现有研究普遍关注粮食生产单元自身资源禀赋以及功能属性,对于经济主体相互作用所产生的外部性研究十分有限。为此,本文在空间引力模型的基础上着重分析网络外部性对粮食生产效率的影响,并以此为逻辑起点进一步探讨网络提升路径以及各空间单元在整体网络中的综合定位与潜力。结果表明,中国粮食生产网络空间溢出效应显著,对粮食生产效率具有明显的促进作用,其实质是规模经营思想在空间维度的扩展,符合近带动远辐射规律,且交通基础设施的互通互联与人口流动是实现网络空间外溢的主要路径。同时,整体网络中共存在4种潜在节点,包括核心控制型、局域核心型、潜力型以及边缘型。未来应充分发挥核心控制型节点的辐射带动作用,加强东西轴带的空间交互影响,实现农业资源技术的跨地域流动与互补。     

川西南部周公山地区峨眉山玄武岩有利储层分析

川西雅安地区周公山构造周公2井玄武岩取心较长、较完整,并且其紧邻高产气井——周公1井,是研究玄武岩气藏的典型井。以岩石学特征为基础,宏观和微观相结合,从岩心、电性、物性、微观特征入手将周公2井取心段峨眉山玄武岩中储层段岩石学特征、孔隙类型、流体特征及其纵向上的分布发育特征进行归纳总结并与1井产层段进行了对比研究。分析认为,川西南部地区玄武岩有利储层分布于2处,一处为顶部普遍发育的数米厚风化壳,另一处是旋回中上部的富含杏仁体角砾化玄武岩。第二类储层中发育沥青并伴随发育石英,溶孔、溶洞、裂缝普遍,但渗透率较小;其有效储集空间大多数由次生作用产生,喷溢间歇期的构造作用、风化及溶蚀作用良好的匹配关系至关重要;后期形成的构造裂缝与垂直于层面的节理缝较易形成开放体系,极可能就是破坏周公2井气藏保存条件的主要因素。     

塔中地区东河砂岩的成岩作用和孔隙演化

塔中地区下石炭统巴楚组东河砂岩储层主要为一套滨海沉积成因的石英砂岩，其平均成分组成石英８３％，长石８％，岩屑９％、以两口井为例，应用阴极发光、扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射和图象分析等测试手段，研究了区内东河砂岩的成岩作用，认为影响砂岩储集性能的主要成岩作用是压实、胶结和溶解作用。方解石的胶结和溶解决定了储层具有良好的孔隙性，溶解形成的次生孔隙是砂岩的主要储集空间。恢复的东河砂岩的原始孔隙度为３８％，经历３个阶段孔隙演化后的岩芯薄片计点孔隙度平均为１４％，岩芯物性分析孔隙度平均为１７％。     

THE HILL PROBLEM WITH OBLATE SECONDARY: NUMERICAL EXPLORATION

We introduce a three-dimensional version of Hill’s problem with oblate secondary, determine its equilibrium points and their stability and explore numerically its network of families of simple periodic orbits in the plane, paying special attention to the evolution of this network for increasing oblateness of the secondary. We obtain some interesting results that differentiate this from the classical problem. Among these is the eventual disappearance of the basic family g′ of the classical Hill problem and the existence of out-of-plane equilibrium points and a family of simple-periodic plane orbits non-symmetric with respect to the x-axis.     

Alkaline diagenesis and its influence on a reservoir in the Biyang depression

Alkaline diagnesis is a diagenetic process that a reservoir undergoes under an alkaline environment. Because of the influence of alkaline formation water, the most typical characteristics of diagnesis is that quartz is obviously dissolved, feldspar is massively enlarged, and less late carbonate cement is formed in the evolution of carbonate minerals. With the decrease of the alkalinity of the formation water in diagenesis, the quartz overgrowths become common. The change in the chemical characteristics of the formation water leads to a more complex distribution of reservoir porosity at different depths than that of the secondary porosity formed by classical acidic water. It also makes the B stage of early diagenesis the important development period of secondary porosity.     

Pleistocene geochronologies for fluvial sedimentary sequences: an archaeologist's perspective

Current models of Pleistocene fluvial system development and dynamics are assessed from the perspective of European Lower and Middle Palaeolithic stone tool assemblages recovered from fluvial secondary contexts. Fluvial activity is reviewed both in terms of Milankovitch‐scale processes across the glacial/interglacial cycles of the Middle and Late Pleistocene, and in response to sub‐Milankovitch scale, high‐frequency, low‐magnitude climatic oscillations. The chronological magnitude of individual phases of fluvial activity is explored in terms of radiocarbon‐dated sequences from the Late Glacial and early Holocene periods. It is apparent that fluvial activity is associated with periods of climatic transition, both high and low magnitude, although system response is far more universal in the case of the high magnitude glacial/interglacial transitions. Current geochronological tools do not permit the development of high‐resolution sequences for Middle Pleistocene sediments, while localised erosion and variable system responses do not facilitate direct comparison with the ice core records. However, Late Glacial and early Holocene sequences indicate that individual fluvial activity phases are relatively brief in duration (e.g. 10² and 10³ yr). From an archaeological perspective, secondary context assemblages can only be interpreted in terms of a floating geochronology, although the data also permit a reinvestigation of the problems of artefact reworking. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国铜资源在用存量与二次供应潜力

铜是中国最为紧缺的大宗有色金属矿产。核算中国铜资源在用存量水平,定量化评估二次资源供应潜力,对于缓解铜资源供应压力、保障资源与产业安全具有重要意义。本文通过物质流分析法,构建了铜在用存量分析模型,估算了中国铜在用存量水平,精细刻画了铜全产业链物质流动过程,预测未来到2050年中国铜需求量和理论报废量变化趋势,评估铜资源循环利用潜力。结果显示, 1949—2021年,中国铜消费量、矿山铜产量、粗铜产量、精炼铜产量、废铜产量、铜在用存量等都保持增长状态;铜消费量累计1.9亿t,矿山铜产量累计3583.6万t,粗铜产量累计8824.1万t,精炼铜产量累计约1.4亿t,废铜产量累计约7187.5万t,铜在用存量达到约1.4亿t;通过高效的国际贸易体系,累计净进口铜精矿4325.9万t、粗铜1 010.9万t、精炼铜5 445.5万t、废铜2 978.8万t,累计净出口铜制品2 352.5万t。中国在全球铜产业链具有举足轻重的地位。2022—2050年,中国铜累计需求量约3.6亿t,铜在用存量将快速提升,峰值将在2035年左右出现,达到约2.0亿t;铜二次资源供应潜力累计约3.4亿t,供应潜力峰...     

含油气流体包裹体测试与应用问题综述

在梳理含油气盆地流体包裹体测试常用技术以及流体包裹体在油气成藏研究中应用现状的基础上,结合塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、东海陆架盆地流体包裹体分析测试及应用研究经验,提出石英次生加大边中包裹体的可测性、均一温度测试对象的选取、后期演化对包裹体颜色分析的影响、肉眼鉴别包裹体荧光颜色的误差等包裹体分析测试时需注意的问题;提出包裹体GOI值受地应力场、储层非均质性等多重因素影响,在用于充注强度或古油藏研究时需谨慎;提出非连续埋藏型储层中包裹体均一温度数据的利用需要充分结合圈闭演化、输导体系演化、烃源岩生排烃演化等成藏条件演化,不宜简单利用均一温度厘定成藏期次.     

城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法

针对高分辨率遥感影像中城市道路提取的复杂性及SVM的分类性能,提出了一种城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法。首先利用FCM算法将原始影像粗分为建成区和非建成区两类,剔除非建成区;然后根据分水岭分割算法分割建成区并提取分割对象的光谱特征与空间特征,以全局核函数和局部核函数加权组合的方式构建多核SVM对建成区进行二次分类,去除建成区中的建筑物等非道路信息;最后利用数学形态学处理,获得最终的道路提取结果。试验结果表明：文中所提方法能够较精确地提取城市道路信息,分类精度高于单核SVM提取及其他对比方法。     

土壤质量地球化学分级算法研究与实现

土壤质量地球化学分级工作一直由人工完成,操作繁琐、耗时费力,出图周期较长。通过对分级标准进行归纳整理,得到标准字典,设计出一套自动分级算法以自动获取其质量等级,根据赋色标准进行可视化并存储到本地,基于MapGIS平台二次开发,设计了一套批量化、一键式的自动分级工具,大大简化了工作流程,提高了土壤质量地球化学分级工作效率。