地理网格技术在产地溯源码编制中的应用研究

针对农产品溯源中溯源编码通用性差、不便于查询的问题,本文分析了国内外地理网格技术与产地溯源码的研究现状,并结合二维码技术,提出了基于地理网格技术的二维产地溯源码编制规则,详细介绍了产地溯源编码的组成,并以应用实例验证了编码的实用性与便捷性。     

Marine riser emergency disconnection analysis using scalar elements for tensioner modelling

This work proposes nonlinear parallel spring-damper scalar elements in series with a rigid beam element to represent drilling riser tensioner behavior during an emergency disconnection scenario in global riser analysis. The software package used was Orcaflex. This is a simpler approach than the more complex, full hydraulic-pneumatic-mechanic dynamic simulation modelling of the tensioning system, commonly used in literature, which can be time consuming and numerically more sensitive. The model can also be used to represent top tension variation in global riser analysis, allowing for more complex and precise simulations, especially for fatigue life and overpull estimations. The results show adequate agreement with the researched bibliography.     

Coupled discrete element and finite volume solution of two classical soil mechanics problems

One dimensional solutions for the classic critical upward seepage gradient/quick condition and the time rate of consolidation problems are obtained using coupled routines for the finite volume method (FVM) and discrete element method (DEM), and the results compared with the analytical solutions. The two phase flow in a system composed of fluid and solid is simulated with the fluid phase modeled by solving the averaged Navier–Stokes equation using the FVM and the solid phase is modeled using the DEM. A framework is described for the coupling of two open source computer codes: YADE-OpenDEM for the discrete element method and OpenFOAM for the computational fluid dynamics. The particle–fluid interaction is quantified using a semi-empirical relationship proposed by Ergun [12]. The two classical verification problems are used to explore issues encountered when using coupled flow DEM codes, namely, the appropriate time step size for both the fluid and mechanical solution processes, the choice of the viscous damping coefficient, and the number of solid particles per finite fluid volume.     

GPS现代化后L_2载波的定位精度研究

利用实际采集的数据,从信噪比和定位残差上分析了L2载波的数据质量,指出GPS现代化后,用L2C码恢复的L2载波信噪比明显提高,与L1载波信噪比接近,两者的差值仅在5 dBHz以内;用L2C码恢复的L2载波比GPS现代化前的L2载波的信噪比更加稳定,不容易受卫星高度角的影响;同时利用L2C码恢复的L2载波的定位残差比没有L2C码的L2载波小,定位精度明显提高。     

Freeman链码优先级直线提取算法研究

针对目前直线提取算法的局限性,提出了一种简单高效的提取图像中目标物体直线边界的算法。本算法基于链码思想和数字直线特征,首先对图像进行边缘检测,对边缘检测后的图像按照优先级进行链码跟踪,获取初始链码;然后通过距离约束提高链码的直线性,剔除噪声和细节;最后进行直线合并,完成直线提取。实验表明,本文提出的算法能高效、准确地检测出图像中物体边界的直线,特别对较大的影像计算量小,抗噪能力强,适用于实时处理。     

重磁等值线与经纬网的分离及其矢量化

本文利用经纬网在局部范围的直线性直线的平均ｆｒｅｅｍａｎ链码等于其上任意一点的链码的这一特性,达到自动分离经纬网与等值线的目的,为实现等值线图的自动矢量化打下了基础。     

重庆主城区粉质黏土动力特性研究

采用自振（共振）柱和动三轴试验方法,得到重庆主城区粉质黏土动剪切模量和阻尼比随剪应变变化试验结果,比较分析试验值、文献[1]给出的推荐值和文献[2]给出的规范值的差异,并通过土层反应计算初步给出了这种差异对地表反应谱的影响,结果表明：(1) G/Gmax-γ关系中,规范值在中等应变时给出的G/Gmax比试验值和推荐值低;大应变时,相比较于试验值和推荐值,规范值衰减更快;(2) 相比较于λ-γ关系,G-γ关系经过Gmax归一化后,更具有一致性,粉质黏土阻尼离散性较大;(3) 试验值和推荐值计算的地表反应谱相差较小,但试验值和规范值计算的地表反应谱相差较大,特别是在随着输入地震动强度增大,这种差异性更显著。分析表明,重庆主城区进行土动力计算过程中,当无土动力特性试验资料时,选用规范值具有一定的局限性和风险,相比较于规范值,推荐值在一定程度上更具适用性。     

锦屏大理岩蠕变损伤演化细观力学特征的数值模拟研究

岩石的蠕变损伤和断裂是岩石流变效应的重要表现形式,但其损伤演化过程往往难以直观观测,为此,采用二维颗粒流数值模拟方法(PFC2D)对岩石的蠕变损伤和断裂的细观力学机制进行了分析。在锦屏大理岩室内试验基础上,利用颗粒流应力腐蚀模型(PSC),建立了能反映其短期和长期强度特征的柱状岩样数值模型,并开展了大量数值试验。结果表明,蠕变损伤的演化过程与暂态的损伤演化过程具有明显的差异。在岩样蠕变损伤过程中,其内部微裂纹多沿加载方向开裂且分布均匀,先快速增加再稳定扩展,最后则发生快速断裂。当荷载较小时,岩样宏观上呈现劈裂破坏特征,当荷载较大时,岩样呈现剪切破坏特征。在岩样蠕变损伤初始和稳定演化阶段的前期,荷载大小对岩样的损伤演化过程影响不大;在稳定演化阶段的后期至断裂过程中,低荷载下岩样的损伤增速比高荷载下快。     

上海规范重力式围护墙稳定性若干问题探讨

重力式围护墙是软土地区常用的基坑支护形式,目前关于重力式围护墙的可靠度分析还不够完善,各因素对稳定性的影响机制等也存在一些疑问。以收集到的上海地区重力式围护墙实际工程为例进行可靠度分析,对水泥土重力式围护墙稳定性分析中的相关问题进行了探讨。分析结果表明,上海地区实际工程的设计安全水准通常高于规范规定值,其中水平滑动多为重力式围护工程稳定性验算的控制失效模式;通过提高插入比和墙体宽度可改善水泥土重力式围护基坑的抗倾覆、抗水平滑动稳定性的安全状态;对于整体稳定性,提高插入比较有效,墙体宽度的变化对其影响不敏感。     

Nonlinear Behaviour of Coflexip Risers

A modified Newton-Raphson iterative technique is formulated for obtaining the static configuration of the Lazy "S" flexible marine riser between the floater and mid-arch buoy under its submerged self weight and the applied top tension. The geometrically non-linear problem is solved by finite difference with the above technique. The problem is formulated as a regular boundary value problem with specified moments and deflections at both ends. Usually the bending stiffness of the flexible riser made of Coflexip pipe is very low. By use of the above analysis, several flexible riser configurations are analyzed and their characteristic behaviors are investigated. Also, changes in the riser characteristics due to quasi-static motion of the floater end are estimated for the safety of the riser layout.