基于GPU并行加速的叠前逆时偏移方法

为了提高复杂地下介质的成像精度和偏移算法的计算效率,提出可高效对地下复杂构造进行准确成像的GPU加速叠前逆时偏移方法.该方法采用双程声波方程进行波场延拓,突破倾角限制,借助于高阶有限差分方法实现叠前逆时偏移成像;利用GPU(Graphic Processing Unit)并行加速技术对波场延拓和成像进行计算,相比于传统算法,其计算效率有较大提高,可以解决叠前逆时偏移算法计算量过大问题;在获取波场信息过程中,也采用随机边界条件,实施以计算换存储策略,解决逆时偏移计算中的海量存储问题.模型测试结果表明,该方法能够高效和高精度地对地下复杂地质体成像.     

Temporal and environmental significance of microbial lamination: Insights from Recent fluvial stromatolites in the River Piedra,Spain

Despite extensive research, the environmental and temporal significance of microbial lamination is still ambiguous because of the complexity of the parameters that control its development. A 13 year monitored record of modern fast‐accreting calcite stromatolites (mean 14 mm year^?1) from artificial substrates installed in rapid flow in the River Piedra (north‐east Spain) allows comparison of the sedimentological attributes of successive six‐month depositional packages with the known climatic, hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters of the depositional system. The stromatolites are formed of dense, porous and macrocrystalline composite laminae. The dense and porous composite laminae, which are composed of two to eight laminae consisting largely of calcified cyanobacteria, are characterized by: (i) dense composite laminae, up to 15 mm thick, mostly with successive dense laminae and minor alternating dense and porous laminae; and (ii) porous composite laminae, up to 12 mm thick, consisting mainly of porous laminae alternating with thinner dense laminae. Most of the dense composite laminae formed during the warm periods (April to September), whereas most of the porous composite laminae developed in the cool periods (October to March). Each dense and porous composite lamina represents up to or slightly longer than six months. The alternation of these two types of composite laminae parallels seasonal changes in temperature. The dense and porous laminae result from shorter (for example, intraseasonal) variations in temperature, insolation and hydrological conditions. The macrocrystalline laminae, with crystals >100 μm long, occur isolated and grouped into composite laminae up to 1·7 mm thick. Their occurrence suggests the absence or poor development of microbial mats over periods of weeks to several months. Thus, stromatolite lamination can record different‐order, periodic and non‐periodic changes in the magnitude of environmental parameters over a single year. These results hold important implications for the temporal and environmental interpretation of lamination in microbial structures.     

山东平邑石膏矿矿难大口径救援钻孔施工技术

2015年“12.25”平邑矿难钻孔救援是我国首例通过钻孔救生的成功案例。由于地层不断坍塌变形,导致了复杂地层条件的产生,给救援钻孔的施工带来极大困难。针对这一特殊情况,采用空气反循环钻井工艺技术,处理钻孔事故时采用气举反循环工艺技术。总结了大口径钻孔施工经验,对今后施工大口径救援钻孔提出有待改进的问题和建议。     

空气反循环连续取样钻进技术在紫金山金铜矿区的应用

紫金山金铜矿矿产勘查中使用空气反循环连续取样钻进工艺,解决破碎地层、缺水地区钻探取样难、施工成本高的问题。介绍了机具的配套、钻进工艺流程及施工注意事项,特别是针对紫金山金铜矿区破碎、漏失地层,为提高钻进效率,采用正反循环2种潜孔锤钻进,获得了高的采样率,提高了施工效率,大幅度降低了施工成本。     

福州江滨地区超高层建筑灌注桩成孔工艺分析

以福州江滨地区2个有代表性的超高层建筑桩基础工程实例为依据,通过无卡式冲击 正循环,旋挖 气举反循环,回转 泵吸反循环3种成孔工艺之间的比对,提出了在福州市江滨地区超大粒径厚层卵石与花岗岩地层灌注桩施工成孔工艺方面的一些见解,认为回转 泵吸反循环是较为可靠的工艺。     

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Air flow calculation of reverse circulation drilling technique with air DTH hammer

Air DTH hammer has been successfully applied in minor-caliber solid mineral exploration,water-well drilling and other drilling areas.In order to expand the applications of the technology,the authors further studied the principle and analyzed the mechanism of reverse circulation drilling technique with air DTH hammer to get the perfect assembles of equipments by optimizing working parameters.No parameter seemed more important than the air volume because it could maintain the working performance stability.The minimum air volume is related to the parameters such as depth and pressure,which was calculated under the actual conditions.It was solved for the air injection flow tables of the air DTH Hammer working at the different pressures.According to the data tables,operators could adjust the air volume to meet the demand on this technique,which had a realistic guiding significance.So it could build up a set of systematic and complete hi-technique.     

用EXCEL处理高斯坐标计算问题

本文介绍了使用EXCEL处理高斯坐标的正算、反算问题,着重阐述了计算公式的编制,具有使用方便、实用性较强的特点。     

基于源波场重建与波场分解的逆时偏移

逆时偏移以其高精度、适于强变速地质体和不受反射层倾角限制的特点,已经成为处理盐丘、高陡倾角反射层和推覆构造等复杂地质体的标准成像手段。然而,其成像条件需要具有同一时间上的源波场与检波点波场,这在大规模数据上会导致存储的不足与I /O 时间过长。这种成像条件也会在波场传播路径上产生假象。鉴于此,提出了一套可以有效解决这些问题的逆时偏移方案。对于存储与I / O 问题,用源波场重建技术来使源波场与检波点波场在时间上同步,即在源波场正演过程中,仅需存储成像区域边界的波场和最后两层时间的波场作为源波场重建的边界条件和初始条件,从而大幅度节约存储与I /O。对于假象问题,利用上下左右行波分解成像条件与Laplace 滤波技术结合,以达到去除假象的目的。经测试,该方案取得较好的成像效果。其意义在于改进了逆时偏移去假象的方案,使其可以有效地对复杂地质情况进行高质量的成像,并通过源波场重建技术来减少实现逆时偏移所需要的存储与I /O 时间。     

汶川余震震源机制变化的原因

2008年5月12日,汶川M8.0主震是一个主压应力轴NW-SE的逆倾滑型的地震,而之后的余震震源机制解有的与主震震源机制解一致,有的发生了明显变化,由南至北逐步变成走滑型地震.主震和同主震震源机制解一致的部分余震,在构造应力场直接作用下,龙门山推复体向四川地块逆冲,致使在逆断层的上下盘之间的断层面上产生粘滑而发生逆倾...