城墙遗址测绘方法初探--以高句丽燕州山城为例

通过对高句丽晚期代表作品燕州山城的测绘与分析,指出了此类城墙测绘的目的、方法、难点、要点以及城墙图纸绘制的步骤,为今后类似高句丽山城的研究提供一个测绘方法的借鉴。     

The KC method: Numerical investigation of a new analysis method for reinforced soil walls

Reinforced soil walls commonly include facing elements which affect the mechanical behavior of the system. However, the design procedures involved in the existing codes and manuals (e.g. FHWA, BS8006, AASHTO, etc.) do not consider the structural contribution of the facing to the wall stability. Recently, a new computer based method for the analysis of reinforced soil walls which takes into account the interaction between the facing and the soil reinforcement layers was presented [Klar A and Sas T. Rational approach for the analysis of segmental reinforced soil walls based on kinematic constraints. Geotextiles and Geomembranes 2009;27:332-340]. This method demands full compatibility between the reinforcement layers and the deforming wall, and is solved as an optimization problem on this constraint. This kinematic compatibility (KC) method entails several assumptions regarding the interaction between the three components of the system (soil, wall, and reinforcement). This paper compares the KC method to a more rigorous continuum analysis. Results show that the KC method is capable of replicating the behavior of the more rigorous system, with a good agreement on both the value of maximum tensile forces in the reinforcement and shear and bending moment distributions along the wall. The KC method has a certain advantage over continuum methods, such as finite element or finite difference, since it requires limited input data that can easily be obtained from field tests.     

钻孔咬合桩技术在基坑围护工程中的应用

介绍了钻孔咬合桩在基坑围护工程中的应用及效果。通过工程实例,对软土地基钻孔咬合桩施工工艺、方法和技术措施加以阐述。实践证明,在中型基坑围护结构中采用钻孔咬合桩技术,其强度、垂直度、整体性和止水性等方面效果较好,值得推荐和应用。     

多级重力式挡土墙土压力分布试验研究

对某高填方路基挡土墙的现场实测水平土压力数据进行了分析,研究表明:该挡墙墙后土压力呈曲线分布,类似字母"R",土压力最大值出现在挡墙底部,而下部的值略小于底部值,最小值出现在挡墙中部。在本级挡墙施工时,墙后第1、2层土压力值接近静止土压力值,大于主动土压力值,第3、4层土压力值小于主动土压力值;在其上若干级挡墙或边坡施工时墙后各点土压力值均小于主动土压力值,即随着填土深度的变化挡墙后各点的土压力系数是在不断变动着的,土压力系数与土压力数值大小的变化规律一致。同时,土压力作用点介于(0.4～0.5)H,且随填土深度增加作用点位置上移;每级挡土墙之间的平台宽度越小,上级挡土墙对下级挡土墙的影响就越大,土压力作用点就越高。研究结论对高填方多级挡土墙的设计具有理论指导意义。     

厦门某岩质高边坡工程治理经验浅析

结合厦门某岩质高边坡治理工程实例,通过极限平衡法和有限元法对边坡稳定性进行分析,初步探讨节理裂隙的发育程度对岩质边坡稳定性的影响以及锚固件和边坡岩体之间的相互作用机理,在此基础上进行边坡工程支护方案的设计,得出的结论对类似工程有参考价值。     

新疆吉木萨尔县贾家湾村滑坡防治工程

吉木萨尔县贾家湾村滑坡长期威胁着当地人民生命财产的安全,对其进行有效防治,已迫在眉睫。根据该滑坡灾害防治工程勘察、设计、施工全过程的资料成果,对其进行了进一步整理,在此基础上对滑坡产生的原因、稳定性、主要影响因素做系统分析,提出合理、可行的桩板墙防治工程措施。并对治理工程施工注意的问题和治理效果做了分析评价,为新疆后期的类似土质滑坡防治工程提供一些借鉴。     

某井场高填方边坡变形机理及稳定性评价

研究井场为九龙沟内一预探井,由于井场地处斜坡区,为保持场地平整,在前期施工进程中进行了大量的挖填方工程;为保证高填方边坡的稳定性,已在填方区前缘修筑"T"型重力式挡墙。但在后期施工过程中,场区坡体及挡墙等建筑物出现拉张裂缝,变形迹象明显,具有较大危险性。本文根据场区变形迹象分布规律,结合场地地形、建筑物分布及其受影响程度等,对场地进行了分区并详细描述了各区工程地质特征;在此基础上,根据填土特征及原始坡体物质结构特征,对场区变形机理及稳定性影响因素进行了分析;最后采用极限平衡法对各区整体及局部稳定性进行了计算,计算结果为分析场区坡体稳定状况及预测可能造成的工程危害性提供了评价基础。     

明挖车站深基坑支护结构受力变形分析

人口众多、建筑物密集的城市中心修建地铁时,地铁明挖深基坑支护结构的变形直接影响到周围建筑物的安全使用。以某地铁深基坑为工程依托,监测基坑支护结构的变形和钢支撑轴力。通过工程实际计算结果、Geo-Slope数值模拟结果、原设计数据与实际监测数据的比较,研讨了各类施工因素对支护结构变形的影响及信息化施工的意义。     

土条状坑壁的支护方法及常见事故处理

以数个工程实例介绍了土条状坑壁常用的开挖支护方式及其适用条件,归纳总结了土条状坑壁支护中常见工程事故,提出了相应的解决处理方法,并指出其根本原因在于相邻基坑坑槽回填土的高含水性及欠固结性。可作为相似工程的借鉴经验。     

Potential role of feldspathic sandstone as a natural water retaining agent in Mu Us Sandy Land, Northwest China

This paper analyzed the water-retention mechanism of feldspathic sandstone(fine-(<1 mm diam.)and gravel-sized(2-3 cm diam.)in Mu Us Sandy Land,Northwest China.The objective of this study is to study the effect of feldspathic sandstone amendment on water retention in sandy land.The results showed that as the proportion of fine feldspathic sandstone in the sandy land soil increased,the soil texture changed from sand to silt loam,the capillary porosity gradually increased from 26.3%to 44.9%,and the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased from 7.10 mm/min to 0.07 mm/min.Feldspathic sandstone gravel formed micro-reservoirs in the sandy land soil,playing the role of a′water absorbent′and′water retaining agent′in sandy land.Amendment with feldspathic sandstone can increase water retention in the arable layer of sandy land by 67%.This study provides a theoretical basis for the amelioration of sandy land on a large scale.It can be concluded that amendment with feldspathic sandstone can improve the physical properties of sandy land soil and increase soil water retention.