国道319线厦门海沧生态挡墙的应用研究

由于公路沿线种植贵重经济作物,征地补偿费用很高,同时公路也被赋予保护生态、美化沿线景观的要求,因此该路段的路肩挡士墙采用了土工格室生态挡墙。该挡墙2002年7月竣工,经过近两年的观测,生态挡墙墙体稳定,侧向位移较小,且生态挡墙与周边环境协调,取得了良好效果。     

Modeling the 2D behavior of dry‐stone retaining walls by a fully discrete element method

The dry‐stone retaining walls (DSRW) have been tipped as a promising solution for sustainable development. However, before recently, their behavior is relatively obscure. In this study, discrete element method (DEM) approach was applied to simulate the plane strain failure of these walls. A commercial DEM package (PFC2D™) was used throughout this study. The authors used a fully discrete approach; thus, both the wall and the backfill were modeled as discrete elements. The methodology for obtaining the micromechanical parameters was discussed in detail; this includes the three mechanical sub‐systems of DSRWs: wall, backfill and interface. The models were loaded progressively until failure, and then the results were compared with the full‐scale experimental results where the walls were loaded, respectively, with hydrostatic load and backfill. Despite its complexity and its intensive calculation time, DEM model can then be used to validate a more simplified approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Retaining wall optimization using interior search algorithm with different bound constraint handling

Along with the applicability of optimization algorithms, there are lots of features that can affect the functioning of the optimization techniques. The main purpose of this paper is investigating the significance of boundary constraint handling (BCH) schemes on the performance of optimization algorithms. To this end, numbers of deterministic and probabilistic BCH approaches are applied to one of the most recent proposed optimization techniques, named interior search algorithm (ISA). Apart from the implementing different BCH methods, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to find an appropriate setting for the only parameter of ISA. Concrete cantilever retaining wall design as one of the most important geotechnical problems is tackled to declare proficiency of the ISA algorithm, on the one hand, and benchmark the effect of BCH schemes on the final results, on the contrary. As results demonstrate, various BCH approaches have a perceptible impact on the algorithm performance. In like manner, the essential parameter of ISA can also play a pivotal role in this algorithm's efficiency. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩后注浆技术正确应用研究

为保证泥浆护壁成孔灌注桩后注浆技术正确应用,首先分析了后注浆技术对泥浆护壁灌注桩的作用机理以及天津地区的应用现状,然后通过对影响其应用效果的多种因素,如从业人员资格、成孔成桩质量、注浆阀、注浆泵、注浆相关参数等分析研究,提出相应的措施或建议。     

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of oblique wave action on vertical walls

1 Introduction A vertical wall is one of the typical maritime sheltering structures in the coastal region, which is mainly subjected to wave forces. It has been a com- mon engineering assumption adopted for design pur- poses that normally incident wave fo…     

Tectono-sedimentary evolution of Jurassic–Cretaceous diapiric structures: Miravete anticline,Maestrat Basin,Spain

Integration of extensive fieldwork, remote sensing mapping and 3D models from high-quality drone photographs relates tectonics and sedimentation to define the Jurassic–early Albian diapiric evolution of the N–S Miravete anticline, the NW-SE Castel de Cabra anticline and the NW-SE Cañada Vellida ridge in the Maestrat Basin (Iberian Ranges, Spain). The pre shortening diapiric structures are defined by well-exposed and unambiguous halokinetic geometries such as hooks and flaps, salt walls and collapse normal faults. These were developed on Triassic salt-bearing deposits, previously misinterpreted because they were hidden and overprinted by the Alpine shortening. The Miravete anticline grew during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous and was rejuvenated during Cenozoic shortening. Its evolution is separated into four halokinetic stages, including the latest Alpine compression. Regionally, the well-exposed Castel de Cabra salt anticline and Cañada Vellida salt wall confirm the widespread Jurassic and Early Cretaceous diapiric evolution of the Maestrat Basin. The NE flank of the Cañada Vellida salt wall is characterized by hook patterns and by a 500-m-long thin Upper Jurassic carbonates defining an upturned flap, inferred as the roof of the salt wall before NE-directed salt extrusion. A regional E-W cross section through the Ababuj, Miravete and Cañada-Benatanduz anticlines shows typical geometries of salt-related rift basins, partly decoupled from basement faults. These structures could form a broader diapiric region still to be investigated. In this section, the Camarillas and Fortanete minibasins displayed well-developed bowl geometries at the onset of shortening. The most active period of diapiric growth in the Maestrat Basin occurred during the Early Cretaceous, which is also recorded in the Eastern Betics, Asturias and Basque-Cantabrian basins. This period coincides with the peak of eastward drift of the Iberian microplate, with speeds of 20 mm/year. The transtensional regime is interpreted to have played a role in diapiric development.     

东莞南城区能源厂组合式挡土墙失稳分析及处理措施

挡土墙病害和破坏形式主要有:滑移、倾覆、墙身开裂等,并且主要考虑一级或单级挡墙的破坏。本文通过对东莞南城区能源厂重叠式组合挡土墙失稳观察,提出其破坏形式除了一般挡土墙具有的常见病害倾覆之外,还伴随有该类挡土墙特有的灾害流土的发生,本文从定量、定性两方面对该失稳挡墙进行了具体分析,最后,根据分析结果对该挡墙提出了具有针对性的处理措施。通过对该挡土墙的分析总结,为今后该类挡土墙的设计、施工提出了极具借鉴价值的建议。     

Experimental study on a sampling technique based on a freeze-sediments valve for deep-sea microorganism

Deep-sea microorganism research has become a hot topic in life science, owing to its special value in high pressure and low temperature environment. If not kept the in-situ low temperature and high pressure, it will cause the microorganism to lose its activity and lead to a waste of resources. A freeze-sediments valve presents a promising solution to maintain the low temperature and high pressure in situ, improve the success rate of sampling and shorten the sampling time. A series of experiments were conducted to characterize the freeze-sediments valve, including the sampling time without leakage, adaptation to different sediments and the effect of the length, etc. Most important of all, temperature change of sediments is observed in all experiments. Experimental results indicated that the freeze-sediments valve was formed in 5 min without leakage and the freeze-sediments valve could be applied to different sediments without limitations on sediments type and mineral content. Considering the pressure retaining capacity and formation time of freeze-sediments valve, it was found that the freeze-sediments valve with a length of 60–80 mm has good pressure retaining capacity whose value was 41.3–48.4 Mpa and short formation time which was 5 min. Precooling the sampler could be used to shorten the sampling time in the actual environment application. This sampling technique can play a vital role in maintaining in-situ low temperature at −2 to −4 ° Celsius in all the experiments. According to the tests, the sampling technique based on the freeze-sediments valve had the potential to solve the problem of keeping in-situ temperature, low sampling success rate and long sampling time in the future.     

深基坑开挖与支护的有限元模拟

采用弹塑性有限单元法对超大基坑的开挖与支护进行数值模拟,据此分析土体的位移、主应力分布、施工过程中支护结构受力,并比较基坑顶部水平位移的计算值与实测值,两者非常接近,计算结果较为理想,可为工程设计和现场施工提供理论参考和指导.     

长沙交警大楼复杂地层基坑护壁的“综合制导”

长沙市交警支队技术综合大楼地质条件复杂,水量丰富,流砂严重,基坑施工相当困难。经采用安全可靠的“综合制导”措施处理,成为地解决了坑壁坍塌等问题,获得了建设方、质监方、设计方的好评,交警大楼竣工后被评为优良工程。