关于学风与创新文化的几点认识

本文从5个方面叙述了笔者对当今部分地理界学风与创新文化的观察与认识。第一,基于地理学方法论,阐述了地理学的理论观点与概念判断都是来自对地球表层实际存在的客体的运动特征与空间投影的变化轨迹的观察、分析与概括;第二,结合实际,指出了“博观而约取、厚积而薄发”的知识积累与运用观对学者们的重要性;第三,对科学创新及如何实现创新提出了新的观点;第四,探讨了如何正确处理科研个人与集体的关系;第五,提出人文与经济地理学研究要面向咨询。     

多环芳烃生物恢复技术的研究进展

多环芳烃是一大类广泛存在于环境中的有机污染物，本文介绍了多环芳烃生物恢复的三种不同方法：就地耕作法，场外耕作法和塞流式污泥生物反应器，并对其研究现状和最新研究成果进行了归纳，总结和探讨。     

流域生态系统健康评价研究进展

流域生态系统评价体系是评价研究流域是否健康的基本依据,其评价结果为流域生态系统保护措施和政策制定提供基础。在介绍流域生态系统健康状态的前提下,总结了国内外流域生态系统评价理论和评价指标的发展历史及现状,整合出目前较为流行的评价体系,并着重阐述了五类实用模型,分别为:水基系统评价模型、改进物元分析、生物完整性指数法、压力-状态-响应模型(PSR)及景观格局分析法。针对不同的流域环境选择合适的评价体系是准确评价流域生态系统健康状况的根本。总结得到综合指标评价体系,主要包括物理、生物、社会环境、生态功能及社会功能等五种指标,在明确指标后按评价流程对流域进行系统评价。对现存的问题进行了分析与展望。     

Advance in application of regional climate models in China

Regional climate models have become the powerful tools for simulating regional climate and its change process and have been widely used in China. Using regional climate models, some research results have been obtained on the following aspects： 1） the numerical simulation of East Asian monsoon climate, including exceptional monsoon precipitation, summer precipitation distribution, East Asian circulation, multi-year climate average condition, summer rain belt and so on; 2） the simulation of arid climate of the western China, including thermal effect of the Qinghal-Tibet Plateau, the plateau precipitation in the Qilian Mountains; and the impacts of greenhouse effects （CO2 doubling） upon climate in the western China; and 3） the simulation of the climate effect of underlying surface changes, including the effect of soil on climate formation, the influence of terrain on precipitation, the effect of regional soil degradation on regional climate, the effect of various underlying surfaces on regional climate, the effect of land-sea contrast on the climate formulation, the influence of snow cover over the plateau regions on the regional climate, the effect of vegetation changes on the regional climate, etc. In the process of application of regional climate models, the preferences of the models are improved so that better simulation results are gotten. At last, some suggestions are made about the application of regional climate models in regional climate research in the future.     

Research progress on evaluation frameworks of regional ecological sustainability

As natural ecosystems provide the material basis and fundamental support for regional sustainable devel-opment,the sustainability of natural ecosystems is an important prerequisite and a viable approach for the achievement of regional sustainable development.It is also the final criteria to assess whether sustainable development paradigm is successful.Along with the increasing impacts of human activities on natural ecosystems,the evaluation of regional ecological sustainability has become one of the key issues for research on macro ecology and sustainable development.Based on different unit of indicators,this study firstly groups the evaluation frameworks of regional ecological sus-tainability into three major types:comprehensive index evaluation with dimensionless unit,monetary valuation,and biophysical quantity measurement.We then discuss and compare these types in terms of basic principles,scope of ap-plications,advantages and shortcomings.Finally,drawn on the discussion about characteristics of ecological sustain-ability,we outline the current trend and future directions of regional ecological sustainability evaluation,for instance,transition from sustainable development evaluation to sustainability science,integration of goal-oriented and problem-solving approaches,combination of spatial pattern analysis and ecological sustainability evaluation,and en-hancement of ecological sustainability evaluation at landscape scale.     

西藏高原强对流天气及短临预报研究进展

高原地区的强对流天气突发性强、易多发、强度大、影响重、预报难,但针对高原地区强对流天气及其短临预报系统的总结还较少。由于高原特殊的地理环境及显著的热力作用和动力作用的影响,高原强对流天气具有不同于东部平原地区的独特特征,其研究进展概括具有重要指导意义。概括了青藏高原地区尤其是西藏地区强对流天气研究的进展,包括高原地区强对流天气气候特征,高原强对流天气的环流背景及影响系统,强对流天气的预报技术、相关短临预报系统等,为进一步的研究工作和短临预报系统建设提供研究背景。     

焦家金矿带3000m科研深钻地球物理测井及初步分析

焦家金矿带3 000 m勘查科研深钻使用多种测井方法,原位获取了钻孔岩石的各种物理化学参数,实现了设计预定的数据采集目标,取得了丰富的初步解译研究成果。通过交会图等技术分析了不同岩石的测井响应特征;通过常规识别法和主成分分析方法相结合,有效的识别了断裂带;通过阵列声波测井了解了岩石机械特性并估算了地应力参数;通过井温测量实现了井温梯度的计算。激电测井显示,低阻高极化为深部矿化体主要异常特征;依据极化率曲线整体幅值及形态分析认为2 485~3 122 m为矿化较为集中部位。     

空间数据挖掘进展

空间数据挖掘是解决海量空间数据利用瓶颈的技术之一.本文综述空间数据挖掘的研究与应用进展.首先,分析空间数据挖掘的缘起.其次,研究空间数据挖掘的本质及其特点.再次,基于理论技术,分类总结空间数据挖掘的研究和应用的成果,并探讨其研究方向.最后,总结全文.     

人文地理学研究方法述要

人文地理学是地理学的重要分支学科，20世纪60年代在人文地理学领域内进行的计量革命引发了人们对地理学的理论建设以及地理学方法论 思考，但是计量革命从一开始就经历着种种责难，文章从对计量革命这一运动的观察开始，对人文地理学方法论进行了反思，在此基础上对当前人文地理学采用的方法进行概括总结，并对一些研究方法应用前景予以展望。     

浅谈比较矿床学

小结了比较矿床学的研究现状、意义,提出了11个重大研究课题与研究方法,并展望了其研究前景。