What is the Meaning of ‘Social Mix’? Shifting perspectives in planning and implementing public housing estate redevelopment

This paper unravels a variety of perspectives about the concept of social mix, drawing on a case study of the implementation of a redevelopment project in Melbourne. The first part provides a theoretical overview of two internationally predominant academic debates around policy interpretations of this concept, namely social mix as a means for promotion of social inclusion; and as a state-led form of gentrification. These two arguments are usually presented as one, with social inclusion and reductions of concentrations of disadvantage one side of the ‘social mix policy’ coin, and state-led gentrification the other. This paper contributes to the national and international literature on public housing estate regeneration and social mix policies through exploring the question of whether these two ideas about social mix were shared by different stakeholders as the ‘messy’ process of redevelopment unfurled. Interviews were conducted with public tenants, homeowners and homebuyers, private renters and local service providers at the Carlton Housing Estate to explore the diverse perspectives of various stakeholder groups as estate design and implementation shifted. The study identified that as a result of the global financial crisis and the developers exerting pressure on government there was a gradual move away from perceiving social mix as a policy tool for encouraging social inclusion at Carlton, between public housing tenants and private residents, towards a different form of social mix and inclusion. Contrary to intentions, the revised form of social mix at Carlton was perceived as a means to harness market capital and attract higher income residents to the inner city.     

长三角地区知识守门人空间演变与作用机制研究

区域创新有赖于不同知识的流动和组合,而知识守门人对区域间知识流动起到至关重要的作用.论文利用2001-2015年专利合作数据,运用社会网络分析方法研究长三角地区各城市的知识守门人及其贡献率演化特征,进一步构建固定效应负二项回归模型分析知识守门人的作用机制.结果 表明:①在主体层面,企业在长三角地区知识守门人中数量占比逐...     

关于矿床学研究前景的探讨

２０世纪矿床地质学蓬勃发展,为矿产资源的勘查和开发作出了历史贡献。已经成为地质科学的一个重要分支学科。文章简要回顾了近百年来矿床学研究取得的若干成熟。在２１世纪中,矿床学将能推陈出新。为人类社会可持续发展服务。有三方面的研究领域：深入研究矿床的形成和分布规律,为矿产勘查提供新的成矿理论基础;拓宽研究领域,发掘地质体的有用性,加强对新型矿产资源的研究,在矿产资源的更新换代中发挥作用。     

Three main stressors acting on the Ria Formosa lagoonal system (Southern Portugal): Physical stress, organic matter pollution and the land–ocean gradient

During the last 15 years of the 20th century, several researchers carried out extensive sampling of benthic macrofauna communities in the Ria Formosa lagoon. The main objective of this paper is to discern the main communities of benthic fauna of the Ria Formosa and the leading stressors that limit them based on this large data set.The high species richness and high diversity values observed at most of the stations or groups of stations indicate a good ecological status, with the exception of the sewage-impacted areas and the physically stressed areas. It was possible to define three main stressors acting on the Ria Formosa. The most important is the physical stress imposed by the limited water renewal in some areas of the Ria Formosa. The second is the nutrient and organic matter pollution that is limited to the vicinity of the sewage outfall stations and to some locations of the Ria Formosa. This is due to the dual effects of the low residence time of water, but also due to a degradation of water quality in places of relatively restricted water circulation but with high primary production, symptoms of eutrophication. The third stressor is the natural land–ocean gradient, denoting the influence of seawater exchanges and emersion time, attenuated by the high water exchange rates of Ria Formosa.It was possible to differentiate the anthropogenic stress from the natural physical stress through the application of multivariate analysis. However, both structural (species richness and diversity indices) and functional indicators (trophic composition) indicate the same trend – low species richness, low diversity indices, and a community dominated by detritivores species at the locations characterized by high anthropogenic impact or by physical stress. The physically stressed areas were dominated by chironomid larvae and hydrobiid gastropods and the most polluted areas were dominated by oligochaetes, mainly tubificids.     

城市旧住宅区改造三方利益关系探讨:以深圳市为例

结合深圳的旧住宅区改造实践,以土地使用权、土地发展权及房屋价值解读为基础,探讨政府、开发商以及业主在旧住宅区改造过程中应该扮演的角色,并进一步分析当前深圳市旧住宅区改造中政府、开发商以及业主三方角色的现实关系.在此基础上,针对当前深圳市的三种旧住宅区改造模式中的三方关系进行对比剖析,发现传统市场主导模式下的旧住宅区改造...     

利用城市勘测数据更新城市电子地图

城市的快速发展给城市电子地图的更新提出了更高要求。介绍了城市电子地图的更新,探讨了如何利用城市勘测数据更新城市地图,提出了电子地图更新的新思路和新方法。     

环境同位素方法在平凉市岩溶地下水研究中的应用

应用环境同位素方法对平凉隐伏岩溶水的研究结果表明 ,研究区隐伏岩溶水形成较早 ,且有大量现代水的混入 ,平均混入量为 5 4 %。说明研究区隐伏岩溶水的补给和更新能力较好。环境同位素分析结果还显示 ,大岔河隐伏岩溶水为一相对独立、半开放的水文地质单元。其补给来源部分为流域内大气降水、地表水的补给 ,部分为东南部三道沟岩溶地下水的补给。根据环境同位素 EPM与 EM两种模型计算 ,地下水的滞留时间为 36 a。地下水储存量为 1.314× 10 8m3;储水系数为 7.2 9× 10 - 3。这一结果与传统勘探方法的计算结果基本吻合 ,说明环境同位素方法的实用性 ,可在地下水资源调查中作为传统方法的补充和对比。     

中国城市老工业园区更新的空间治理机制研究——多层次视角的分析框架

城市老工业园区更新中的空间治理涉及多元主体博弈与产业用地发展权重构问题,是当下城市研究的重要学术议题。本文以转型理论中多层次视角的形势、体制与利基为立足点,深层次挖掘城市更新中空间治理转型创新的演化过程与内在机制,提出一种不同层次多种因素间相互作用、动态演化下理解中国老工业园区更新空间治理的方法。该解释框架被应用于上海上钢十厂园区更新转型中,通过关注2004年后两次更新转型的过程和机理,研究发现：上钢十厂的更新转型是由宏观外部形势、空间利基创新、空间体制转型三个层次互动而实现的,上钢十厂两个阶段的更新均在产业转型、城市发展需求变化等宏观形势下诞生创新“新奇”,政府、社会团体或企业等空间治理行为主体共同参与推动“新奇”合法壮大并形成利基,在空间资本积累、产业类型转换中,驱使空间体制成功转型,其本质是利基层的空间创新“新奇”在宏观形势或空间体制要素的影响下解构重塑空间体制的过程。城市更新促进了老工业园区产业转型,提高了环境品质、土地利用强度和经济效益。多层次视角能结合城市更新中空间治理的外部环境、内在驱动因素和演变过程等多方面,有助于从动态演化维度理解城市更新空间变迁及转型治理的内在机制。     

城市更新中的绿地感知与社区治理

随着城市更新的开展,市民在项目推进中的空间感知及参与程度日渐成为学者和城市管理实践者关注的话题。在此背景下,本研究以更新项目实施阶段的广州市荔湾区的广钢新城为案例,通过遥感影像提取的绿地变化强度并结合深度访谈,试图探索广钢新城绿地建设的公众参与状况。研究发现：（1）广钢新城的绿地面积增加,空间可达性明显提升,然而与新进入居民的绿地空间感知没有呈现正相关联系;（2）随着更新项目的建设与空间主体的流变,建成区出现新的主体进入,而更新规划阶段主要以原有主体的意见开展,新旧主体公众参与程度参差不齐,从而造成空间使用的失序;（3）主体的变化是城市更新过程中应关注的动态要素,不同主体空间感知需要在社区治理过程中获得关注。本研究结合遥感及地理信息系统技术,以绿地效益的感知作为切入点探讨社区治理,以期为城市更新建设阶段的公众参与及协作范式提供一定的参考。     

On nonhomogeneous models for volcanic eruptions

Recently, a special nonhomogeneous Poisson process known as the Weibull process has been proposed by C-H. Ho for fitting historical volcanic eruptions. Revisiting this model, we learn that it possesses some undesirable features which make it an unsatisfactory tool in this context. We then consider the entire question of a nonstationary model in the light of availability and completeness of data. In our view, a nonstationary model is unnecessary and perhaps undesirable. We propose the Weibull renewal process as an alternative to the simple (homogeneous) Poisson process. For a renewal process the interevent times are independent and distributed identically with distribution function F where, in the Weibull renewal process, F has the Weibull distribution, which has the exponential as a special situation. Testing for a Weibull distribution can be achieved by testing for exponentiality of the data under a simple transformation. Another alternative considered is the lognormal distribution for F. Whereas the homogeneous Poisson process represents purely random (memoryless) occurrences, the lognormal distribution corresponds to periodic behavior and the Weibull distribution encompasses both periodicity and clustering, which aids us in characterizing the volcano. Data from the same volcanoes considered by Ho were analyzed again and we determined there is no reason to reject the hypothesis of Weibull interevent times although the lognormal interevent times were not supported. Prediction intervals for the next event are compared with Ho's nonhomogeneous model and the Weibull renewal process seems to produce more plausible results.