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981.
基于多时相遥感的硫磺沟地区矿产资源开发及环境变化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以天山硫磺沟矿区为示范研究区,在资料收集和野外调查分析基础上,利用1975年以来30年监测的遥感数据,提取研究区煤、铁、粘土等矿床开发区的时空分布和生态环境时空变化信息,结合数理统计方法和GIS空间分析技术,对矿区矿产开发与土地利用变化进行综合研究,分析硫磺沟矿区矿产开发引起的环境问题,建立1975年以来矿区开发与环境变化定量评价模型,绘制主要矿产分布、生态环境变化等专题图件,直观展现了矿产开发所引起的生态环境问题;探讨30年来矿产开发对自然和人文环境系统影响的过程和机制,确定不同类别矿产开发引起的环境变化和资源破坏的动态趋势,在此基础上提出相应的管理建议。 相似文献
982.
论述了信息化施工技术;在施工过程,将监测数据结合基坑工程的实际情况进行综合分析,利用监测数据进行反馈设计和分析,对后续施工具有实践与理论意义。介绍了某深基坑工程的施工监测,说明了信息化施工的重要性。通过对信息化施工过程中数据的分析、信息归纳和实践经验的总结,对以后类似工程的施工具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
983.
984.
Sung-Soo Cha Kang-Kun Lee Gwang-Ok Bae Dae-Hyuck Lee Nicolas Gatelier 《Engineering Geology》2007,93(3-4):117-129
Hydrogeological monitoring was conducted around a pilot cavern for underground cryogenic LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage. The monitoring was mainly focused on the operation of a drainage and recharge system. After the operation of the drainage system commenced, the drainage rate decreased rapidly in the initial stages and then decreased gradually. Hydrogeological monitoring revealed that the rock drainage system operated effectively. During drainage, the water table was maintained below the cavern roof. The recharge for ice-ring formation was performed in two phases. The first phase involved the cessation of pumping in downward-drainage holes and the second involved the closure of upward boreholes. Since the water table was maintained below the cavern roof, artificial recharge was planned at first. However, it was not implemented due to heavy rainfall in the recharge stage. On the basis of hydrogeological monitoring and hydraulic tests, it was found that the fractures above the roof and on the right wall of the pilot cavern mainly affected seepage into the cavern and thermal variation due to the storage of liquid nitrogen. Thermal variation was examined by the thermometers installed around the pilot cavern. The cooling and thawing processes reveal the characteristics of thermal distribution in the rock and the 0 °C isotherm. The cooling phase lasted for six months, and the 0 °C isotherm progressed in time after the injection of liquid nitrogen into the cavern. The isotherm propagated up to about 4 m from the floor and the sidewall of the cavern and about 3 m from the cavern roof. The cooling rate of the rock mass above the cavern roof was lower than that of the other cavern sides due to the gaseous space in the upper part of the containment. The fractures were analyzed and considered for thermal modeling. A two-dimensional finite element analysis was performed to compare the field monitoring at the pilot cavern. The numerical modeling shows the distance between the ice ring and heat transfer pattern of the fractures around the pilot cavern. The propagation of the measured and calculated 0 °C isotherm reveals that the water-conveying joint on the right wall might affect thermal propagation through a thermal pipe. 相似文献
985.
In this paper,we analyze the time series of site coordinates of 27 continuously monitoring GPS sites covered bythe Crustal Movement Observation Network of China over the whole country.The data are obtained in the periodfrom the beginning of the observation to the November of 2005.On the basis of data processing,we analyze thepower spectrum density of coordinate component noise at each site and calculate the spectral indexes manifestingthe noise property of each component.The spectral indexes indicate that for most sites,the noise of time series ofeach coordinate component can be addressed by the model of white noise flicker noise;and for a small amountof sites,it can be described by the model of white noise flicker noise random walk noise.We also quantita-tively estimate each noise component in the model by using the criterion of maximum likelihood estimation.Theresult shows that the white noise in the time series of GPS site coordinates does not constitute the main part ofnoise.Therefore,the error estimation of site movement parameters is usually too small,or too optimistic if weconsider the white noise only.Correspondingly,if this factor is not fully considered in explaining these movementparameters,it might mislead the readers. 相似文献
986.
987.
在北京、天津、河北二市一省部分地区抽样调查了13口井水位、11口井水温、5口井气氡、2口井气汞、2口井氦气数字化观测现状,统计分析了其数据完整率及观测断记次数与数据缺失量;在调查观测数据断记及其原因的基础上,进一步统计分析了数据缺失的主要原因,分析了连续完整的数据系列在地震前兆监测中的有效性。研究结果表明,除了氦气之外,水位、水温、气氡与气汞4大主要测项的运行,总体上是正常的;但多数井多数测项存在断记与数据缺失的问题,其主要原因是仪器故障与运行不正常,其次是停电、通信线路故障与雷击,此外还存在原因不明的断记与缺数的问题;以井统计,约有1/2的水位与水温观测井可在地震中期与短临前兆中发挥作用,而气氡、气汞等化学量观测只在地震短临前兆监测中,约有一半的井有可能发挥一定效能。 相似文献
988.
我国早期的现代地震学研究,曾孕育于现代地质学中。用现代科学观点,最早调查研究现场大地震的年代,可追溯到1913年云南峨山7级地震考察。地震台站监测工作,是从1923年地质调查所派李善邦先生前去日本东京学习测震,并于1930年在北京西山郊区建造鹫峰地震观测台开始。最早的地震目录是1913年由上海黄司铎编的“法文中国地震表”。1921年翁文灏先生发表的“甘肃地震考”,首次将史料中的地震情形描述与罗西一福来氏烈度表加以对照,来确定地震烈度,从而提供了更详细、确切的“甘肃地震表”。1922年翁文灏在布鲁塞尔国际地质大会上宣读的“中国地质构造对于产生地震的影响”论文,曾引起与会者极大兴趣与关注,是最早论述我国地震地质和地震区域划分的文献。 相似文献
989.
K. Garofalo F. Tassi O. Vaselli A. Delgado-Huertas D. Tedesco M. Frische T. H. Hansteen R. J. Poreda W. Strauch 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2007,69(7):785-795
Mombacho is a deeply dissected volcano belonging to the Quaternary volcanic chain of Nicaragua. The southern, historic collapse
crater (El Crater) currently hosts a fumarolic field with a maximum temperature of 121°C. Chemical and isotopic data from
five gas-sampling field campaigns carried out in 2002, 2003 and 2005 highlight the presence of high-temperature gas components
(e.g. SO2, HCl and HF), which indicate a significant contribution of juvenile magmatic fluids to the hydrothermal system feeding the
gas discharges. This is strongly supported by the mantle-derived helium and carbon isotopic signatures, although the latter
is partly masked by either a sedimentary subduction-related or a shallow carbonate component. The observed chemical and isotopic
composition of the Mombacho fluids seems to indicate that this volcanic system, although it has not experienced eruptive events
during the last centuries, can be considered active and possibly dangerous, in agreement with the geophysical data recorded
in the region. Systematic geochemical monitoring of the fumarolic gas discharges, coupled with a seismic and ground deformation
network, is highly recommended in order to monitor a possible new eruptive phase. 相似文献
990.