地面数字化测图网络自主学习系统的设计与实现

以地面数字化测图模拟与仿真平台为基础,研究基于GIS技术的地面数字化测图模拟与仿真平台可视化仿真方法,建立地面数字化测图网络自主学习系统,引导学生在提出问题的基础上自主选择解决问题的方法、途径和工具,建立探究性实验教学模式,从而培养学生的实践和创新能力。     

A novel hybrid approach of Bayesian Logistic Regression and its ensembles for landslide susceptibility assessment

Abstract

A novel artificial intelligence approach of Bayesian Logistic Regression (BLR) and its ensembles [Random Subspace (RS), Adaboost (AB), Multiboost (MB) and Bagging] was introduced for landslide susceptibility mapping in a part of Kamyaran city in Kurdistan Province, Iran. A spatial database was generated which includes a total of 60 landslide locations and a set of conditioning factors tested by the Information Gain Ratio technique. Performance of these models was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and statistical index-based methods. Results showed that the hybrid ensemble models could significantly improve the performance of the base classifier of BLR (AUROC?=?0.930). However, RS model (AUROC?=?0.975) had the highest performance in comparison to other landslide ensemble models, followed by Bagging (AUROC?=?0.972), MB (AUROC?=?0.970) and AB (AUROC?=?0.957) models, respectively.     

Automatic sub-pixel co-registration of Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager and Sentinel-2A Multi-Spectral Instrument images using phase correlation and machine learning based mapping

ABSTRACT

This study investigates misregistration issues between Landsat-8/ Operational Land Imager and Sentinel-2A/ Multi-Spectral Instrument at 30?m resolution, and between multi-temporal Sentinel-2A images at 10?m resolution using a phase-correlation approach and multiple transformation functions. Co-registration of 45 Landsat-8 to Sentinel-2A pairs and 37 Sentinel-2A to Sentinel-2A pairs were analyzed. Phase correlation proved to be a robust approach that allowed us to identify hundreds and thousands of control points on images acquired more than 100 days apart. Overall, misregistration of up to 1.6 pixels at 30?m resolution between Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A images, and 1.2 pixels and 2.8 pixels at 10?m resolution between multi-temporal Sentinel-2A images from the same and different orbits, respectively, were observed. The non-linear random forest regression used for constructing the mapping function showed best results in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), yielding an average RMSE error of 0.07?±?0.02 pixels at 30?m resolution, and 0.09?±?0.05 and 0.15?±?0.06 pixels at 10?m resolution for the same and adjacent Sentinel-2A orbits, respectively, for multiple tiles and multiple conditions. A simpler 1st order polynomial function (affine transformation) yielded RMSE of 0.08?±?0.02 pixels at 30?m resolution and 0.12?±?0.06 (same Sentinel-2A orbits) and 0.20?±?0.09 (adjacent orbits) pixels at 10?m resolution.     

An Algorithm for Localised Contour Removal over Steep Terrain

Abstract

Isolines have proved to be a highly effective way of conveying the shape of a surface (most commonly in the form of height contours to convey geographical landscape). Selecting the right contour interval is a compromise between showing sufficient detail in flat regions, whilst avoiding excessive crowding of lines in steep and morphologically complex areas. The traditional way of avoiding coalescence and confusion across steep regions has been to manually remove short sections of intermediate contours, while retaining index contours. Incorporating humans in automated environments is not viable. This research reports on the design, implementation and evaluation of an automated solution to this problem involving the automatic identification of coalescing lines, and removal of line segments to ensure clarity in the interpretation of contour information. Evaluation was made by subjective comparison with Ordnance Survey products. The results were found to be very close to the quality associated with manual techniques.     

高分辨率遥感影像的深度学习变化检测方法

为提升高分辨率遥感影像的变化检测精度,提出一种利用深度学习的变化检测方法。在预处理的基础上,利用顾及邻域信息的改进变化矢量分析算法和灰度共生矩阵算法获取影像间光谱和纹理变化,并通过设置自适应采样区间提取最可能的变化和未变化区域样本。构建并训练包含标签层的高斯伯努利深度限制玻尔兹曼机模型,以提取变化和未变化区域深层特征,从而有效辨别变化区域。通过WorldView-3与Pléiades-1影像的试验表明本文方法在变化检测精度方面优于对比方法。     

面向高光谱图像分类的半监督空谱判别分析

为充分利用高光谱图像蕴藏的空间信息提升分类精度,提出了面向高光谱图像分类的半监督空谱判别分析(S3 DA)算法。考虑高光谱图像数据集的空间一致性,首先利用少量标记样本定义类内散度矩阵,保存数据集同类像元的光谱近邻结构;再利用无标记样本定义空间近邻像元散度矩阵,揭示像元间的空间近邻结构和地物的空间分布结构信息。S3 DA既保持数据集在光谱域的可分性,又保存了无标记样本蕴藏的空间域近邻结构,增强了同类像元和空间近邻像元在投影子空间的聚集性,从而提升分类性能。在PaviaU和Indian Pines数据集的试验表明,总体分类精度分别达到81.50%和71.77%。与传统的光谱方法比较,该算法能有效提升高光谱图像数据集的地物分类精度。     

案例推理的制图综合应用背景与方法

从挖掘和利用经验数据的角度出发,提出了基于案例推理的智能化制图综合方法。首先探讨了基于算法和模型的自动综合实现方式所面临的瓶颈,并提出了采用制图综合案例推理辅助制图综合的思想;然后设计了制图综合专家案例的三元表示方法,以及获取、使用和管理流程;最后对实现该基于案例推理的智能化制图综合方法的五个关键性步骤进行了分析,并深入阐述该方法的原理和可行性,提出了基于案例推理的智能综合辅助系统架构。     

浅谈如何提高测绘工程专业学生对遥感原理与方法课程学习的兴趣

结合笔者在中南大学为期9年的遥感原理与方法课程教学实践,分析了中南大学测绘工程专业学生在该课程教学方面的学习态度和课程认识方面的现状,提出在教学过程初期加强学生对遥感历史文化及名人传记的学习,在课程教学期间自己查询专业应用前景及专业最新动态新闻,在上课期间主动向老师提问3种方法,以考核方式计入学生平时成绩,以期增强学生对该课程的学习兴趣和主动学习能力及独立思考能力,为后续遥感专业相关课程的学习奠定一定的基础。在近几年的教学实践过程中,发现该方法有效地提高了学生对该专业课的学习兴趣,学习效果超越往届学生,实践结果充分证明了该方法的有效性。     

面向电网巡检的多旋翼无人机航测系统关键技术研究及应用

针对无人机电力巡检所面临的定位精度低、近距离巡检操控难度大、自动化程度低、人为操控事故风险高等问题,本文提出了利用多旋翼无人机RTK差分定位技术、复杂塔型飞行规则机器学习算法等无人机航测系统技术,研发面向电网巡检的无人机智能操作系统及控制终端,提升电网线路日常管理和应急指挥的规范性、便利性和经济性,为电网管理部门提供一种低成本、易操作、高效率、机动灵活的新型巡检模式。     

翻转课堂在地理信息系统课程教学中的实践与思考

针对教师主导的传统教学模式在地理信息系统课程教学中存在的不足,提出了将翻转课堂这一新的混合学习教学模式引入教学的想法。首先分析了地理信息系统课程实施翻转课堂的必要性和可行性,然后在综合考虑地理信息系统课程特点与中外教育文化差异的基础上进行了课程设计和组织实施。实践结果表明,实施翻转课堂确实能够提高学生学习主动性和教学质量,同时也对教师的专业水平和教学能力提出了更高的要求。