Centimeter-Level Positioning of Seafloor Acoustic Transponders from a Deeply-Towed Interrogator

An array of three seafloor transponders was acoustically surveyed to centimeter precision with a deeply-towed interrogator. Measurements of two-way acoustic travel time and hydrostatic pressure made as the interrogator was towed above the array were combined in a least-squares adjustment to estimate the interrogator and transponder positions in two surveys spanning two years. No transponder displacements were expected at this site in the interior of the Juan de Fuca Plate (48^?11′ N, 127^?12′ W) due to the lack of active faults. This was confirmed to a precision of ±2 cm by least-squares adjustment. Marginally detectable blunders in the observations were shown to affect the transponder position estimates by no more than 3 mm, demonstrating the geometric strength of the data set. The accumulation of many hundreds of observations resulted in a significant computational burden on the least-squares inversion procedure. The sparseness of the normal matrix was exploited to reduce by a factor of 1000 the number of calculations. The acoustic survey results suggested that the near-bottom sound speed fields during the two surveys were in better agreement than inferred from yearly single-profile conductivity, temperature, and pressure (CTD) measurements.     

对GPS36卫星激光测距最佳观测时间的研究

针对GPS-36这颗卫星的运行特点,利用2004年全年的预报和实际观测记录,本文详细分析了这颗卫星的出没时间和运行规律,并通过日出日落时间与卫星运行规律来预报2005年GPS-36卫星每天通过的最大高度角及最佳观测时间。     

圆管轴线点测量方法研究

讨论基于高精度免棱镜测量技术确定圆管轴线点的测量方法和数据处理方法。采用模拟数据计算比较基于几何距离和基于代数距离对不同椭圆扫描范围的中心点确定结果,并通过实际测量结果验证该方法的可行性和高效性。     

10-12秒精度激光测距问题的理论研究

随着空间大地测量技术观测精度的提高 ,需要激光测距理论模型适应目前和未来可预见的精度要求 .本文基于激光测距的基本原理 ,给出了太阳系质心参考系 (BRS)和地球质心参考系 (GRS)中的相对论激光测距的理论模型 ,对两种激光测距模型中有关引力时延的量级进行了估计 ,并给出了完整而自洽的时间尺度和时空坐标变换的理论公式 .根据最新的BRS和GRS系之间的时空坐标变换关系 ,在皮秒 (10 - 1 2 s)的精度下 ,推导出了在GRS中适合于所有激光测距问题的相对论模型 ,同时扩展了IERS推荐的激光测距模型的适用范围     

全站仪自由设站应用于航道控制测量的图形研究

利用全站仪自由设站测边交会确定待定点的坐标,在航道控制测量工作中得到较好的应用。为研究待定点的精度与交会图形之间的关系,在推出全站仪自由设站测边交会精度估算公式的基础上,对其有利图形进行了分析,并通过实例证明:当采用对称交会(β1=β2),且交会角γ>90°时,交会图形最为有利。     

震后基于无人机快速三维定位被困人员模型研究

针对震后被倒塌建筑物或滑坡埋压的被困人员进行快速定位问题,在阅读大量相关文献的基础上,以无人机遥感、地理信息空间和三维质心定位技术为基础,采用无线信号RSSI测距模型,配合影像范围内基准影像数据辅助定位,构建震后基于无人机快速三维定位被困人员模型.以红河县城区作为研究区,对城区内特定人员进行三维定位,结果表明该模型定位...     

利用SLR资料解算武汉—上海基线长度及结果分析

运用动力学原理，利用全球１９８８、１９９０、１９９１等年份的部分ＬＡＧＥＯＳ卫星激光测距资料解算武汉—上海的基线长度为６５７４９７．０５０７ｍ，内符合精度优于２ｃｍ，相对精度为４×１０－８，与ＩＥＲＳ公布的结果接近。计算结果分析表明武汉ＳＬＲ站的第三代测距仪运行系统稳定，没有明显的系统误差     

The secular acceleration of the Moon determined from lunar laser ranging data

Lunar Laser Ranging data covering the interval from August 1969 to December 1987 were used to determine the seculer acceleration in the mean longitude of the Moon (\.n). In our analysis, the DE200/LE200 planets and lunar ephemerides were adopted for calculating the theoretical distance between the observing station and reflector. The method of stepwise regression was used in the processing of the data and the value of –25.4 ± 0. 1/cy² was obtained by a weighted least squares fit.Our result is in good agreement with that derived by other authors using various methods. The uncertainty (\.n) estimated from LLR data would be decreasing rapidly with increasing the data span. The high precision obtained in this paper is mainly due to the longer span and higher measuring accuracy of data.     

机载激光扫描测距仪的性能分析

本文对机载激光扫描测距系统的探测信号功率、背景噪声、信噪比等性能以及它们之间的关系等进行了定量化的评估和定性的分析,探讨了探测信噪比与测量距离、恒虚警概率探测时阈值／噪声比等问题,为机载激光扫描测距系统在遥感和测绘中的使用及系统性能的改进提供了科学的参考依据,其分析方法具有普遍意义,可用于不同的机载或星载激光扫描测距系统的分析。     

1.2m激光测距系统及其噪声抑制技术

介绍了激光测距技术的过去和现状及其科学意义,系统地讨论了激光测距系统的构成及各组成部分的发展,分析了测距过程中各方面的误差来源及其相应的消除或减小误差的方法。对于目前正在调试的云南天文台１２ｍ激光测距系统作了详细的介绍,对该系统的噪声抑制技术也作了具体的讨论。