玄武岩的多角度偏振反射光谱研究

该文研究玄武岩在2π空间的多角度反射光谱、偏振反射光谱特征。实验测定了玄武岩在2π空间上反射光谱、偏振反射光谱与光线入射角、探测角、方位角、波段、偏振性等因子之间的关系。结果表明：1)光线入射角对玄武岩的反射光谱、偏振反射光谱影响很大；2)空间水平方位角对光谱具有偏振(极化)特征。空间竖直探测角的影响是随着光线入射角的不同而显著影响着玄武岩的波形曲线特征；3)波段的不同，影响着玄武岩反射光谱、偏振反射光谱吸收能量的大小，但不显著影响玄武岩的空间波形曲线特征。     

饱和土一维简谐响应解析解的求解和应用：II 应用

将相关论文[1]中得到的饱和土一维简谐响应解析解，应用到饱和土中两类压缩波的独立作用、饱和土中波的传播速度、u-p方程的适用范围等研究中。在两类压缩波的独立作用研究中，克服了以前文献中的数学不严密性。研究了饱和土各参数对三种体波波速的影响。通过比较u-w和u-p方程的解答，定量地说明了u-p方程的适用范围。     

利用面波频散反演场地参数的Occam法

将Constable等人1987在解释大地电磁测深资料时提出的Occam反演方法应用到面波频散反演之中，其思路是求满足一定的残差条件下的最光滑的模型。从文中反演的几组数据结果来看，该方法在面波反演中的应用效果是令人满意的。     

反射波法基桩完整性检测中的一种信号处理方法

以纵向瞬态激振条件下桩的振动响应和桩中应力波传播理论为基础，利用二次快速傅立叶变换，将桩顶实测速度响应时程曲线的速度谱变换回时间域，得到速度反射因子，用以确定与桩身阻抗变化相关的主要频率成份，从而达到对桩身完整性进行快速而准确诊断的目的。应用分析表明，该方法简便可靠，特别适用于多重缺陷桩的检测。     

Modeling of Rayleigh waves dispersion in the Sannio region (Southern Italy) from seismic active refraction data

Short period surface waves, recorded during a seismic refractionsurvey in the Sannio region (Southern Italy), have been modeled to infera shallow velocity model for the area. Based on the decrease of resolutionwith depth, due to the bias on group velocity estimates arising frominterference of the Rayleigh waves with higher modes, we carried out aprocedure of fitting, with synthetic seismograms, of selected filtered traceswith a gaussian filter, having a width at half height equal to 1 Hz and acentral frequency lying in the range [1,4] Hz. We estimated the likelihoodbetween synthetic and observed seismograms by measuring their semblance.In this way we were able to infer a more refined local velocity modelcharacterized by a high Vp and Vs vertical gradient in the sedimentarycover. Two ad hoc resolution studies, based on group velocity andamplitude data respectively, indicate that the local velocity model is a goodvelocity model also for the entire studied area. The increase in the numberof available data when using amplitude information allows us to make amore selective choice in the model parameter space (Vp and Vs of eachlayer) and to solve for the Vp/Vs ratio. The inferred Vp velocity in thehalf-space is equal to 2.8 km/s. This value is in excellent agreement withthat inferred by other authors (3 km/s) by modeling P-wave travel timevs. distance. The best-fit model furnish low Vp/Vs for the sedimentarycover so indicating a high degree of the sediment's compaction in thestudied area. The inferred shallow high-velocity gradient indicates thatthe shallow sedimentary layer in the area could trap and focus the energytraveling into it.     

Practical VTI approximations: a systematic anatomy

Transverse isotropy (TI) with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) often provides an appropriate earth model for prestack imaging of steep-dip reflection seismic data. Exact P-wave and SV-wave phase velocities in VTI media are described by complicated equations requiring four independent parameters. Estimating appropriate multiparameter earth models can be difficult and time-consuming, so it is often useful to replace the exact VTI equations with simpler approximations requiring fewer parameters. The accuracy limits of different previously published VTI approximations are not always clear, nor is it always obvious how these different approximations relate to each other. Here I present a systematic framework for deriving a variety of useful VTI approximations. I develop first a sequence of well-defined approximations to the exact P-wave and SV-wave phase velocities. In doing so, I show how the useful but physically questionable heuristic of setting shear velocities identically to zero can be replaced with a more precise and quantifiable approximation. The key here to deriving accurate approximations is to replace the stiffness a₁₃ with an appropriate factorization in terms of velocity parameters. Two different specific parameter choices lead to the P-wave approximations of Alkhalifah (Geophysics 63 (1998) 623) and Schoenberg and de Hoop (Geophysics 65 (2000) 919), but there are actually an infinite number of reasonable parametrizations possible. Further approximations then lead to a variety of other useful phase velocity expressions, including those of Thomsen (Geophysics 51 (1986) 1954), Dellinger et al. (Journal of Seismic Exploration 2 (1993) 23), Harlan (Stanford Exploration Project Report 89 (1995) 145), and Stopin (Stopin, A., 2001. Comparison of v(θ) equations in TI medium. 9th International Workshop on Seismic Anisotropy). Each P-wave phase velocity approximation derived this way can be paired naturally with a corresponding SV-wave approximation. Each P-wave or SV-wave phase velocity approximation can then be converted into an equivalent dispersion relation in terms of horizontal and vertical slownesses. A simple heuristic substitution also allows each phase velocity approximation to be converted into an explicit group velocity approximation. From these, in turn, travel time or moveout approximations can also be derived. The group velocity and travel time approximations derived this way include ones previously used by Byun et al. (Geophysics 54 (1989) 1564), Dellinger et al. (Journal of Seismic Exploration 2 (1993) 23), Tsvankin and Thomsen (Geophysics 59 (1994) 1290), Harlan (89 (1995) 145), and Zhang and Uren (Zhang, F. and Uren, N., 2001. Approximate explicit ray velocity functions and travel times for P-waves in TI media. 71st Annual International Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Expanded Abstracts, 106–109).