Study of dislocation model and evolution characteristics of vertical deformation field of gonghe M S=6.9 earthquake

The preliminary research results of vertical deformation dislocation model of GongheM _S =6.9 earthquake show that, the causative structure is a hidden fault with strike N60°W, dipping S47°W, which lies near the current subsidence center of Gonghe basin. The rupture length and width are 30km and 14km, the upper and lower bound depth of the fault in width direction are 3km and 17km respectively. The maximum coseismic and preseismic vertical deformation of GongheM _S =6.9 earthquake are 247mm and about 100mm. The reasons why there existed rapid postseismic uplift are also given a tentative discussion. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 289–295, 1993.     

对流层及平流层低层全球动能的季节性急变

利用１９８０－１９８８年ＥＣＭＷＦ的资料，分析对流层５００ｈＰａ，３００ｈＰａ和平流层低层１００ｈＰａ全球范围的纬向平均动能和涡动动能的季节过渡，比较不同层次不同纬度带动能模态的季节性急变，得到如下结论：（１）北半球热带与温带各层次的ＫＺ都有季节性急变，发生在３－４月和１０月附近，而南半球仅在热带有急变。（２）北半球热带地区ＫＺ在６月还有一次季节性急变，出现有１００ｈＰａ和５００ｈＰａ．（３）１０     

Open Up and Say “Baa”: Examining the Stomachs of Ruminant Livestock and the Real Subsumption of Nature

ABSTRACT

This article examines the stomachs of ruminant livestock as a site of biotechnological intervention and analyzes efforts to reengineer ruminant digestion as a case of the real subsumption of nature. The livestock industry’s capacity to increase production is constrained by available grazing land and concern about environmental consequences of ever-increasing livestock numbers. Ruminants are also a significant source of greenhouse gases and the mitigation of methane is a recognized priority within the global climate framework. The pursuit of “sustainable intensification” and new technological fixes have been identified as preferred responses to these constraints. The case of ruminant methane calls into question assumptions about the primacy of accumulation, rather than regulation, in driving the real subsumption of nature. The pursuit of technological fixes within biologically based industries may be motivated by a need to stabilize the conditions of production, and regulation itself can provide an impetus for the real subsumption of nature.     

LEO卫星轨道预报精度分析

利用动力学拟合法,以HY-2A卫星为例分析不同拟合区间对预报不同弧长的轨道精度的影响。基于CNES提供的事后精密星历和采用非差简化动力学方法获得的厘米级快速轨道两种产品,进行卫星轨道预报。结果表明:采用24 h和12 h拟合区间分别预报12 h轨道时,其3DRMS优于6 dm;当预报24 h轨道时,3DRMS优于1 m。     

基于基础地理信息数据库的标准地形图快速生产技术研究

介绍了基础地理信息数据生产过程中,依托数据库成果快速生产标准地形图数据的技术研究,通过EPS平台中符号库的合理设置辅助自动化处理功能的开发,快速生产标准地形图的技术方法。     

汶川地震触发的绵远河流域崩塌滑坡的特征

利用地震后ALOS影像自动提取了汶川地震重灾区绵远河流域内的崩塌滑坡,结合野外调查共确定地震触发崩塌滑坡1 073处,面积48.5 km2.其中分布最广、数量最多的是浅层崩滑体;同时由于地震力作用强烈,触发了许多深层、高速、远程滑坡,并形成了大量的滑坡堰塞湖.汶川地震诱发的第二大滑坡文家沟滑坡就位于流域内,该滑坡是本次地震中滑动距离最远的滑坡.地震导致大量的碎屑物质堆积在沟道内或悬挂在斜坡上,为泥石流的发生提供了有利条件.基于GIS的统计分析表明,地震滑坡的空间分布主要受发震断层的控制,流域内的崩塌滑坡受到了映秀-北川断裂和江油-都江堰断裂的双重影响,主要分布于两断裂上盘的一定范围内;地层岩性影响着地震滑坡的类型,岩浆岩、白云岩等硬岩主要发育浅层崩滑体,而上硬下软的地层多发生大型滑坡;大部分崩塌滑坡都发生在海拔1 000～2 000 m的高程内;坡度是崩塌滑坡发生的主要控制因素之一,大部分崩塌滑坡发生在25°～55°的范围内;坡向对滑坡的分布也有一定的影响,背靠震源(发震断层)方向的斜坡比面向震源(发震断层)方向更容易发生滑坡.     

Near real-time magnitude determination for large crustal earthquakes

We introduce an empirical method of near real-time, near-field magnitude determination for large (M>6.5) crustal earthquakes. Time integration over the strong shaking duration on the absolute values of the acceleration records is carried out for nearby stations surrounding many large earthquake sources in Taiwan. The integrated quantity, here denoted as total effective shaking, is used in a regression process to derive an empirical relationship for a quick Mw determination useful for a reliable real-time operation in earthquake rapid reporting and earthquake early warning systems (EWSs).     

快速集聚发展过程中的河谷型城市的空间整合与规划--以兰州市为例

中国西部部分河谷型城市自1949以来一直处于较为快速的集聚发展过程中。产业、各种基础设施大量在河谷中兴建。但是,由于地形条件的约束,这部分城市出现了建设用地紧张、环境问题突出、空间职能配置体系不合理等问题。以兰州市为例,通过对兰州城市在快速集聚扩张过程中空间结构存在问题的分析,提出了旧城“空间职能置换”和新城区建设的空间整合和规划思路,设想了未来50年兰州城市空间建设方案,探讨解决目前这类城市所面临的产业结构升级换代、城市现代化与环境综合治理等相关问题的思路与方法。     

智能全站仪快速测量处理系统

介绍了智能全站仪的组成、测量原理及其发展应用,并开发了基于智能全站仪的快速测量处理系统.通过与传统测量方法进行对比,实测表明该系统自动化程度高、实用性强、实时高效,是进行各种控制测量的理想系统.     

RadarSAT-2影像在1∶50000 DOM快速生产中的应用

随着遥感技术的快速发展,雷达影像测量技术的重要性突显出来,它有力地克服了因测区自然地理环境艰难、气候条件复杂而带来的光学影像无法成图的不利局面,具有效率高、劳动强度低等优点。本文利用RadarSAT-2影像进行1∶50 000 DOM的试验生产,通过具体的生产过程,对雷达影像的数据特点、生产流程、精度指标、生产效率等方面进行了分析研究,为缩短地图更新周期、减少生产成本、提高空间信息获取的实时性提供了方法。