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CCD倾斜仪的差分式结构和电路细分方法研究

介绍通过差分式结构设计和脉冲延迟细分方法解决CCD水管倾斜仪的抗干扰能力较弱、分辨力不高等不足.     

户籍制度视角下的江苏省人口时空格局响应

以江苏省为例,选取人口密度为基础数据,以县域为研究单元,通过空间自相关、重心迁移以及注入脉冲响应分析,刻画江苏省人口时空格局与户籍制度之间的时空响应关系及趋势。结果表明：1990-2010年江苏省人口格局整体保持“南高北低”的态势,该现象与社会经济发展水平呈正相关关系;人口密度相似的地区在空间上呈集聚分布,并呈明显的沿江化特征;各县市对户籍制度改革的响应具有地域性,南北响应差异逐渐缩小;人口空间格局对户籍制度的响应具有滞后性,速度呈现出由加快到平稳的态势。在此基础上,根据研究结论提出3点建议：第一,在改革思路上实现“两保两新”,阶梯式、差别化赋予权利;其次,积极推进苏北地区的社会保障体系改革;最后,通过产业发展上的“以业控人”和城市发展上的合理规划、科学布局防止流动人口加重“城市病”。     

Evolution processes of Ordovician–Devonian arc system in the South‐Kitakami Massif and its relevance to the Ordovician ophiolite pulse

The South Kitakami Massif is one of the oldest geological domains in Japan having Silurian strata with acidic pyroclastic rocks and Ordovician–Silurian granodiorite–tonalite basement, suggesting that it was matured enough to develop acidic volcanisms in the Silurian period. On the northern and western margin of the South Kitakami Massif, an Ordovician arc ophiolite (Hayachine–Miyamori Ophiolite) and high‐pressure and low‐temperature metamorphic rocks (Motai metamorphic rocks) exhumed sometime in the Ordovician–Devonian periods are distributed. Chronological, geological, and petrochemical studies on the Hayachine–Miyamori Ophiolite, Motai metamorphic rocks, and other early Paleozoic geological units of the South Kitakami Massif are reviewed for reconstruction of the South Kitakami arc system during Ordovician to Devonian times with supplementary new data. The reconstruction suggests a change in the convergence polarity from eastward‐ to westward‐dipping subduction sometime before the Late Devonian period. The Hayachine–Miyamori Ophiolite was developed above the eastward‐dipping subduction through three distinctive stages. Two separate stages of overriding plate extension inducing decompressional melting with minor involvement of slab‐derived fluid occurred before and after a stage of melting under strong influence of slab‐derived fluids. The first overriding plate extension took place in the back‐arc side forming a back‐arc basin. The second one took place immediately before the ophiolite exhumation and near the fore‐arc region. We postulate that the second decompressional melting was triggered by slab breakoff, which was preceded by slab rollback inducing trench‐parallel wedge mantle flow and non‐steady fluid and heat transport leaving exceptionally hydrous residual mantle. The formation history of the Hayachine–Miyamori Ophiolite implies that weaker plate coupling may provide preferential conditions for exhumation of very hydrous mantle. Very hydrous peridotites involved in arc magmatism have not yet been discovered except for in the Cambrian–Ordovician periods, suggesting its implications for global geodynamics, such as the thermal state and water circulation in the mantle.     

可控震源记录中的脉冲噪声分析

噪声分析一直是地震资料信噪比得以改善的重要基础方法。可控震源向地下输入瞬时低能量信号, 易受到可控震源系统内部以及背景中的瞬时脉冲噪声(如电噪声、震动噪声等)的干扰。用于提取有效信号的相关检测方法将脉冲噪声的干扰范围扩大, 严重影响了对可控震源有效信号的提取。为了从理论上分析脉冲噪声对可控震源相关记录的干扰, 通过仿真实验, 系统分析了单点脉冲和多点脉冲噪声对相关记录中可控震源信号的干扰程度和特点。结果表明, 可控震源相关记录中的信号主要受脉冲噪声强度、所在时间位置以及可控震源非相关记录脉冲点数比例三方面因素影响, 脉冲噪声所占记录的比例大于2.5%且平均强度高于100时, 相关检测后的可控震源信号会完全被噪声淹没。     

汶川余震前甘陕交界扰动异常的定源探索

Abnormal disturbances, s uch as sharp pulses, w ere observed by vertical pendulum tiltmeters in Wudu, Hanzhong and Ningshaan seismic stations on August 6, 2008.According to the time and spatial location of the anomalies,we build a"source precursor"propagator to calculate possible focal region by aid of quasi-Newton least squares and grid search methods. The calculated focal region is located at the aftershock area of the Wenchuan earthquake on the northern section of Longmenshan fault zone,which may be related to the 54km-away M S5. 0 Pingwu-Beichuan earthquake,with starting time of about thirty three hours before the earthquake.     

空基下视时序影像瞬时成像模型研究

物方空间的物体随着时间的推移进行着绝对运动,运动导致了相对位置的变化,时间序列影像记录了物方三维空间的动态变化。本文基于下视时间序列影像的动态特性,在共线方程中引入时间元素,提出了空基下视时间序列影像瞬时成像模型,描述了动态“物像”间的瞬时投影关系;针对地表不同类型动态物体,构建了“由像到物”的应用模型,实现了从像方动态特征计算地表物体特征的目的。通过仿真和真实航空下视序列影像的试验与分析,验证了序列影像瞬时成像模型能够定量计算像地动态特征。     

The Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) on the southern slope of the Subalpine Basin (SE France) and its bearing on a probable tectonic pulse on a larger scale

The Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) event is not associated with a transgression on the southern margin of the Subalpine Basin, but with a steady shallowing-up trend beginning in the lower half of the δ¹³C positive shift. The SW–NE Rouaine Fault had a complex role, first in isolating a black shale basin to the west and a large, deep submarine plateau devoid of black shale to the east, then by a strike-slip movement that induced a forced progradation to the north of the southern platform in the eastern compartment. This compressive tectonic reactivation of the southern margin began around the deposition of the local equivalent of the Plenus bed of boreal basins, as shown by correlation supported by both isotope and palaeontological data. Other local data are pieced together to suggest that the whole of SE France underwent a short-lived transpressive tectonic pulse around the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary, probably connected with the early compressive movement of Africa vs. Europe. On a larger scale, other published data suggest that this pulse could be a global one. It is coeval with renewed thrust loading, volcanism and transgression in the North-American Western Interior, local emergences during the event along the eastern Atlantic margin, suggesting a slight tendency to inversion of the margin, and a tilting to the east of the North-Africa plate that could explain the large transgression recorded from Morocco to Tunisia on the Saharan Craton.New isotope and palaeontological (coiling ratio of Muricohedbergella delrioensis) data from SE France suggest that two coolings of suprabasinal importance occurred just before and during the build-up of the d¹³C shift, including the boreal “Plenus Marls“, especially its middle limestone bed and its SE France equivalent.Regarding the extinction of the genus Thalmaninella and Rotalipora and during the event, neither anoxia nor climate changes can fully explain the palaeontological crisis, given that Rotalipora cushmani crosses the first phase of anoxia without harm, as well as the two coolings, not only in SE France but on a large scale, as shown by the correlation of the published data. This extinction needs alternative explanations as we challenge both anoxia and climate as major causes.     

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晋城矿区厚层脆韧性石灰岩顶板变形与控制特性研究

晋城矿区15#煤直接顶K2石灰岩厚8～12 m,结构致密坚硬,为坚硬难垮落顶板。针对厚层石灰岩顶板可能面临的大面积断裂和垮落,从而导致冲击地压等问题,通过岩石力学性质试验获得相关岩层力学参数,并运用关键层理论、数值模拟和相似材料模型试验,研究了厚层脆韧性石灰岩顶板的变形与垮落特性,得到了顶板初次来压步距20～25 m和周期来压步距10～15 m及垮落规律,并提出了顶板控制的技术途径,即初期中深孔爆破结合顶板关键层缓慢下沉综合控制技术。实践表明,厚层石灰岩顶板的垮落形态和垮落步距与理论和试验研究结果基本一致。该项成果为晋城矿区厚层脆韧性石灰岩顶板控制提供了有效途径。