江苏省县（市）防震减灾宣传工作综合调查

文章对江苏省１０个县（市）的防震减灾宣传工作的组织管理、宣传内容、宣传形式、宣传队伍建设和社会效果几个方面进行了抽样调查,分析了各地防震减灾宣传工作的状况,提出了今后防震减灾宣传工作的思路。     

学位论文开题报告设计：极易被忽视的重要环节——以人文—经济地理学为例

实施“科教兴国”战略离不开创新型科研人才,而研究生教育是培养创新型人才的重要途径。学位论文成为衡量研究生培养质量的重要标尺,作为学位论文的源头——开题报告很大程度上决定着学位论文的学术水平与品质,成为研究生创新能力培养的关键环节。而在现实中,学位论文开题报告冷落到“读之乏味,弃之难行”的“鸡肋”尴尬地位。以人文—经济地理学为例,对开题报告的“鸡肋”尴尬现象进行剖析并揭示背后推手;从认知、技能和设计等层面阐述成功设计开题报告的3个关键抓手：一是高屋建瓴认知到开题报告的“验前导后”枢纽作用;二是锻造简练揣摩的学术技能,尤其详述开题报告篇幅占比最大的文献综述及启示的技能,即文献挑选技能、文献阅读技能、文献述评技能——避堆砌、寻关联、增研值、亮突口和明观点等设计要领;三是远见卓识地深入设计开题报告,特别要掌握开题报告中最重要四部分——论文题目及摘要、选题依据、文献综述及启示、论文研究方案等内容的设计要领。     

提高北方农牧交错带农业生态系统生产力的对策与建议

北方农牧交错带是中、东部平原农区的重要生态屏障,在我国具有重要的地位,并由于其系统生产力水平低下,生态和经济问题比较严重而倍受关注。如何协调农牧业生产及农牧民收入稳定增长,提高农业系统生产力是该区域的核心研究问题。围绕提高其系统生产力实现可持续发展的目标,提出了一些具体的对策和建议。     

江西赣州珠宝市场浅析

该文分析了赣州市的珠宝市场现状,探讨了珠宝行业的未来发展方向,提出了一些可行性建议。     

调查研究海南岛的农业地质背景发展南药的建议

海南岛是我国最理想的南药生产基地。海南岛已有入药植物2000多种,其中许多为国家 重点保护的珍稀药材。可是南药种植发展缓慢,不能满足国内外市场需要。运用农业地质学原理调 查研究海南岛南药种植和生产的地质背景及地质条件,促进发展南药,振兴海南经济,提出两个农 业地质调查研究方案:①开展全岛农业地质调查研究;②对一个地质单元区或一个单项南药区的农 业地质调查研究。积极应用农业地质等新兴的高新科学技术,发展南药生产,利国利民,前途美好。     

中国地理信息系统教育现状分析与政策建议

在对国内外地理信息系统专业设置、教育现状以及人才培养模式初步调查分析的基础上，对当前我国地理信息系统学科定位、课程设置、人才培养模式中存在和面临的若干重要问题进行了初步的探讨。提出了我国当前需要培养的地理信息系统人才的类型和应具备的基本素质；其次，通过国内外对比，分析了当前我国地理信息系统教育方面主要存在的问题；最后，就当前我国地理信息系统教育面临改革的具体情况，从学科定位、人才培养目标和人才培养策略等方面提出了具体建议。     

Agreement,significance, and understandings of historical responsibility in climate change negotiations

For over 20 years, Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change have struggled with the normative significance of history for the differentiation of responsibilities. Negotiations on ‘historical responsibility’ have been marked by considerable conflict between developed and developing countries. However, in 2010, the Parties acknowledged the concept in a consensus decision. This article analyses UN Climate Change Conference delegates' agreement with the decision, whether it reconciled conflict between interpretations of historical responsibility, and the significance that delegates ascribe to the decision for future agreements. The decision has not eliminated conflict between different interpretations. Delegates who understand historical responsibility as linking countries' historical contributions to climate change to their responsibilities to act agree more with the decision and foresee it having a stronger influence on future agreements than do those viewing the concept in more conceptual terms. The decision marks the start of negotiations concerning how rather than whether historical responsibility should guide operative text. This article demonstrates that (1) the divergent interpretations pose clear challenges for a necessary but demanding agreement on operationalization, and (2) focusing on an ambiguous version of proportionality between contribution to change and responsibility can become a first step for convergence between divergent positions.     

Differentiating (historic) responsibilities for climate change

Following the conclusion of the official work of the Ad Hoc Group for the Modelling and Assessment of Contributions to Climate Change (MATCH), this article considers the politically more sensitive aspect of the Brazilian proposal, namely the issue of differentiating (historic) responsibility for, and not merely (causal) contribution to climate change. Its aim is (1) to highlight the fact that, while related, the two issues (‘contribution to’ and ‘responsibility for’) are fundamentally different and should not be confused, and (2) to propose a methodology for calculating shares of responsibility as opposed to the shares in causal contribution arrived at through the MATCH results. Two conceptions of responsibility (‘strict’ or ‘limited’) are applied in order to operationalize the notion of ‘respective capabilities’ given in Article 3.1 of the UNFCCC. The key message resulting from the calculations is that causal contribution—while an important indicator of (environmental) relevance to the problem—must not be confused with the moral responsibility for it. The rather large difference between the responsibilities at the two extremes of the scale under both conceptions gives pause for thought as to what sorts of burdens can justly be demanded in any application of the UNFCCC principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, whether in the context of the Brazilian proposal or beyond.     

中国地震科学技术发展战略的几点思考

地震科学是一门观测科学,地震科学的发展依赖于技术的进步和基础数据的积累,需要国家多渠道财政长期支持。