The postal-geographical location: the notion and measurement algorithm (exemplified by the postal network of Siberia in the early 20th century)

An analysis is made of the problems, approaches and methods in the study of the economic-geographical location. The term “postalgeographical location” is suggested. The concept of the location of a settlement in the postal network is formulated. The algorithm has been developed for measuring the postal-geographical location. Results from assessing the location of settlements in Siberia's postal network are presented for the year 1910.     

Earthquake imprints on a lacustrine deltaic system: The Kürk Delta along the East Anatolian Fault (Turkey)

Deltas contain sedimentary records that are not only indicative of water‐level changes, but also particularly sensitive to earthquake shaking typically resulting in soft‐sediment‐deformation structures. The Kürk lacustrine delta lies at the south‐western extremity of Lake Hazar in eastern Turkey and is adjacent to the seismogenic East Anatolian Fault, which has generated earthquakes of magnitude 7. This study re‐evaluates water‐level changes and earthquake shaking that have affected the Kürk Delta, combining geophysical data (seismic‐reflection profiles and side‐scan sonar), remote sensing images, historical data, onland outcrops and offshore coring. The history of water‐level changes provides a temporal framework for the depositional record. In addition to the common soft‐sediment deformation documented previously, onland outcrops reveal a record of deformation (fracturing, tilt and clastic dykes) linked to large earthquake‐induced liquefactions and lateral spreading. The recurrent liquefaction structures can be used to obtain a palaeoseismological record. Five event horizons were identified that could be linked to historical earthquakes occurring in the last 1000 years along the East Anatolian Fault. Sedimentary cores sampling the most recent subaqueous sedimentation revealed the occurrence of another type of earthquake indicator. Based on radionuclide dating (¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb), two major sedimentary events were attributed to the ad 1874 to 1875 East Anatolian Fault earthquake sequence. Their sedimentological characteristics were determined by X‐ray imagery, X‐ray diffraction, loss‐on‐ignition, grain‐size distribution and geophysical measurements. The events are interpreted to be hyperpycnal deposits linked to post‐seismic sediment reworking of earthquake‐triggered landslides.     

宜春市审计局综合楼钻孔扩底灌注桩加后压浆设计分析及应用效果

江西省宜春市审计局综合楼所处场地地层条件复杂，确定合适的持力层是关键。经对地层情况、本地区已有经验以及桩基施工新技术等进行分析评估，大胆地把桩端持力层放在结构松散、性质差异较大、承载力标准值偏低的碎石土层上，采用钻孔扩底灌注桩，以提高钻孔灌注桩的承载力，并运用后压浆技术对桩底及下伏地层进行加强处理。实践证明，该方案技术可行，经济合理。     

钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术的应用

介绍了应用钻孔灌注桩后压浆技术提高河南偃师市新华书店营业大楼钻孔灌注桩单桩承载力的工程实例，结合工程实践论证了后压浆工艺参数的确定方法，探讨了后压浆技术的一般施工工艺。     

贺根山缝合带阿萨格图钾玄质火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及构造意义

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗阿萨格图火山岩出露于贺根山缝合带迪彦庙蛇绿混杂岩南侧,岩石类型为粗安岩、粗面岩和粗面英安岩。粗安岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年获得火山岩形成年龄为132.1±0.7 Ma。岩石地球化学显示火山岩属于钾玄岩系列,岩石高Na_2O+K_2O(7.61%～10.35%)、高K_2O(3.94%～6.04%)、高Al_2O_3(16.32%～17.99%)、低TiO_2(0.45%～0.95%),富集Rb、Ba、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)。稀土元素含量为109.62×10~(-6)～174.68×10~(-6),稀土元素配分曲线为右倾式分布。岩石学和岩石地球化学特征表明,阿萨格图地区白垩纪火山岩与洋壳俯冲作用有关,形成于俯冲板片断离—后造山伸展构造背景。古亚洲洋俯冲洋壳析出流体交代上覆地幔形成贺根山缝合带富集地幔,随后的俯冲板片断离—后造山伸展作用触发富集地幔部分熔融产生该钾玄质岩浆。结合贺根山缝合带的壳幔电性结构和晚古生代蛇绿岩—岛弧岩浆岩、中生代后造山A型花岗岩的时空分布与演化,初步建立了该区钾玄质火山岩的板片断离—后造山伸展地球动力学模式。     

新疆西准噶尔北部和布克赛尔蛇绿混杂岩的厘定及其洋盆闭合时代限定

本文通过详细野外地质勘查,识别出新疆西准噶尔北部和布克赛尔蛇绿混杂岩中三种不同类型的岩石组合,即:由变质橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩墙、玄武岩和硅质岩组成的典型蛇绿岩单元;主要由洋岛玄武岩组成的大洋岛屿单元,在野外见与硅质岩、硅质泥岩和灰岩相伴产出;由变流纹岩组成的后碰撞期火山岩单元。蛇绿岩中的辉长岩和辉绿岩无明显Eu异常;(La/Yb)N值介于0.54~3.18之间,REE配分型式呈现微弱的轻稀土亏损或富集,兼具E-MORB和N-MORB的特征。洋岛玄武岩具有高的Al_2O_3(13.66%~15.83%)、TiO_2(2.62%~3.15%)和Na_2O+K_2O(5.71%~7%),稀土元素含量高,显示明显的右倾模式,高场强元素Ti、Zr相对富集。变流纹岩具有高硅和钾,极低的MgO,MnO和CaO,不相容元素(K,Rb,Th,U,Pb)强烈富集,Sr,P,Ti显著亏损,Nb和Ta相对弱亏损的特点,形成于造山后伸展环境,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果为435±2Ma。变流纹岩底垫贯穿或底垫侵入于蛇绿岩不同的单元组分中(橄榄岩、辉绿岩和玄武岩等),说明和布克赛尔蛇绿岩所代表的洋盆在早志留世晚期之前已经闭合。     

内蒙古头道桥地区古生代花岗岩成因及形成环境

本文对出露于塔尔其隆起北侧的大牛圈-乌其哈锡岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学特征的研究.该古生代岩体主要由花岗岩、二长花岗岩组成.花岗岩的地球化学特征表明,本区花岗岩类岩石属于高钾钙碱性系列,为强过铝质壳源S型花岗岩.对区域地质背景的全面分析表明,可能是华力西晚期的造山作用造成本区成熟度相对较低的变质沉积岩,在后碰撞构造环境,通过高温(大于875℃)低压(小于1.5 GPa),岩石圈块体间发生拆沉作用与热软流圈的上涌而形成的产物.     

强制归心观测墩埋设的若干技术——以青海省军功地区滑坡监测工程为例

在无法实现监测数据自动化采集和实时监测的偏远地区,为监测、预防山体滑坡、工程建筑位移,带有强制归心装置的水平、垂直位移观测,以其测量精度高、操作灵活、投入少等优势受到测量人士青睐。本文以军功滑坡监测为例,介绍了带有强制归心装置观测墩埋设的若干技术,以确保观测墩埋设质量合格。     

The shapes of light curves of Mira‐type variables

Using a sample of 454 Mira light curves from the ASAS survey we study the shape of the light variations in this kind of variable stars. Opposite to earlier studies, we choose a general approach to identify any deviation from a sinusoidal light change. We find that about 30% of the studied light curves show a significant deviation from the sinusoidal reference shape. Among these stars two characteristic light curve shapes of comparable frequency could be identified. Some hint for a connection between atmospheric chemistry and light curve shape was found, but beside that no or only very weak relations between light curve shape and other stellar parameters seem to exist (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

无人机PPK技术支持下的河道测量与精度分析

针对河道带状复杂地形布设控制点困难的问题及高精度的测量要求,本文探讨了一种结合PPK技术的无人机免像控河道测量方法.以DJI Phantom 4 RTK无人机为研究对象,分析了基于PPK的高精度POS辅助空三测量、相机镜头畸变纠正和航线设计等影响航测精度的关键技术,利用UAV-PPK软件对地面基站与无人机POS数据进行...