Detection of nitric acid (HNO<Subscript>3</Subscript>) in the atmosphere using the LOPAP technique

A new instrument (LOPAP: LOng Path liquid Absorption Photometer) for the sensitive detection of nitric acid (HNO₃) in the atmosphere is described. HNO₃ is sampled in a temperature controlled stripping coil mounted in an external sampling module to minimize sampling artefacts in sampling lines. After conversion into a strongly absorbing dye, HNO₃ is detected in long path absorption in special Teflon® AF 2400 tubes used as liquid core wave guides. For the correction of some interferences, due to for example HONO and particle nitrate, two channels are used in series. The interferences from several potential interfering compounds including particle nitrate were quantified in the laboratory and in a large outdoor simulation chamber. With the exception of the interference caused by N₂O₅, which is quantitatively measured by the instrument, all tested interferences can be corrected under atmospheric conditions. Thus, in the instrument only the sum of N(V) from HNO₃ and N₂O₅ is determined, which is expected to be a common problem of wet chemical HNO₃ instruments. The instrument has a detection limit of 5–30 pptv for a time response of 6–2 min, respectively and was validated against the FTIR technique in a large outdoor simulation chamber. In addition, the applicability of the instrument was demonstrated in a field campaign.     

Mineral Geochemical Compositions of Tourmalines and Their Significance in the Gejiu Tin Polymetallic Deposits, Yunnan, China

Abstract: The Gejiu tin polymetallic deposits are located in the southeastern part of Yunnan Province in China. A detailed electronic microprobe study has been carried out to document geochemical compositions of tourmalines from the deposits. The results indicate a systematic change of mineral geochemical compositions, which might be used as a mineral geochemical tracer for post-magmatic hydrothermal fluid, basin fluid and their mixture. The tourmalines from granite are schorl with Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios of 0.912-1.00 and Na/(Na+Ca) ratios of 0.892-0.981. Tourmalines as an inclusion in quartz from the ore bodies are dravite with Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios of 0.212-0.519 and Na/ (Na+Ca) ratios of 0.786-0.997. Tourmalines from the country rocks are dravite with Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios of 0.313-0.337 and Na/(Na+Ca) ratio of 0.599-0.723. Tourmalines from cassiterite-tourmaline veins that occur in crannies within the country rocks show distinct optical zoning with alternate occurrence of dravite and schorl, Fe/(Fe+Mg)=0.374-0.843, Na/(Na+Ca)=0.538-0.987. It suggests that schorl in granite and dravite in carbonatite are related to magmatic fluid and basin fluid respectively. When magmatic fluid rose up and entered into crannies of the country rocks, consisting mainly of carbonatite, basin fluid would be constantly added to the magmatic fluid. The two types of fluid were mixed in structural crannies of the sedimentary basin accompanied with periodic geochemical oscillations to form material records in chemical composition zonings of tourmalines.     

福建永安丰门坑多金属矿地质特征及找矿前景

永安丰门坑多金属矿呈似层状、层状、透镜状,贮存在寒武系林田组下段钙质碎屑岩中,矿床具明显的层控和热液叠加改造特征,为沉积-热液改造型多金属矿床。该多金属矿床的发现,为我省在寒武系林田组中寻找该类矿床提供新的目标。     

内蒙古中西部钼多金属矿床地质特征及其动力学背景

本文首次对内蒙古中西部白乃庙铜-钼-金矿床、大苏计钼矿床、西沙德盖钼矿床、柳坝沟金-钼矿床、哈达门沟金-钼矿床、查干花钼-钨矿床和流沙山钼-金矿床的产出环境、地质特征、成因类型和时空分布特点进行了简要总结,对成矿作用与构造-岩浆活动的关系进行了概略性论述。柳坝沟、哈达门沟和白乃庙矿床均在前寒武纪变质岩地层中产出,大苏计、查干花、西沙德盖和流沙山矿床直接产于海西-印支期中酸性侵入岩中,尽管上述矿床在产出环境和地理位置上存在有一定差别,但是它们均与花岗岩类侵入岩体(或岩脉)具有密切的空间分布关系,属与中酸性侵入岩有关的钼多金属矿床。另外,根据矿床(点)的空间分布特点,可划分出5个钼多金属矿化集中区:即大苏计-明星沟钼矿化集中区、白乃庙-谷那乌苏铜-钼-金矿化集中区、哈达门沟-沙德盖金-钼矿化集中区、马尼图-查干花钼-铋-钨矿化集中区和流沙山-黑鹰山钼-金-铁矿化集中区。研究结果表明,成矿作用与板块消减、碰撞和缝合过程中所诱发的构造-岩浆事件密切相关,是地壳特定演化阶段构造-岩浆活动的产物。     

蒙阴县丁家庄地区铜矿（化）地质特征及成矿条件探讨

通过对蒙阴县丁家庄地区地层、构造、岩浆岩、地球化学特征、地球物理特征和矿体特征的论述,对该矿的成矿地质背景进行了探讨;认为丁家庄地区具有以金银铜铅锌为主的多金属综合异常,异常套合较好,矿化明显,是寻找铜及多金属矿的有利靶区,找矿前景较好。     

祁门蒋村铜多金属矿地质特征及控矿因素

有色金属铜、铅、锌及贵金属金、银作为国民经济中重要的金属材料,其用途十分广泛,有广阔的市场。祁门县蒋村铜多金属矿是皖南近年来皖南找矿的成果之一。蒋村矿区的形成与燕山期岩浆活动、兰田组灰岩及断裂构造等关系密切,是在区内近东西向断裂破碎带形成后,花岗闪长岩岩浆沿此断裂带侵入形成矽卡岩,含矿热液沿断裂通道上升,通过渗透交代和充填作用形成脉状矿体和角砾型矿体。本文主要是通过对蒋村铜多金属矿矿床地质特征及控矿因素和矿化富集规律的分析,总结区域上寻找该类型矿的找矿标志,为皖南地区进一步的找矿提供实践经验和理论依据。     

大兴安岭西坡银都赋矿岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其成因意义

银都矿床位于内蒙古大兴安岭西坡,为受断裂控制的银多金属矿床。该矿床的岩体主要为石英闪长岩。该岩体中的锆石分为岩浆锆石和热液锆石两类:岩浆锆石无色透明,自形长柱状,具有典型的振荡环带特征;而热液锆石呈浅褐色,半透明—不透明,等轴状,其暗色增生边明显切过了核部岩浆锆石结构。热液锆石相对岩浆锆石具有低Th/U和LREE,高Hf和HREE的特征。银都岩体岩浆锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(451.8±7.8)Ma,属加里东期,为岩体的结晶年龄;热液锆石的206 Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(337.0±7.7)Ma,属中石炭世,代表了热液作用的年龄。热液锆石年龄表明,该区在337Ma左右经历了一次强烈的热液作用,该期热液作用可能与该区造山峰期的变质作用有关。本区的地质特征和流体包裹体特征表明,本区银矿的形成很可能与这期热液活动密切相关。     

云南普洱大平掌铜多金属矿床成矿特征与成矿模式

[摘 要] 大平掌铜多金属矿属火山喷流沉积矿床,发育V1和V2两类矿体,其中,V1矿体为块状硫化物矿体,V2矿体为细脉浸染状矿体,二者构成VHMS型矿床所具有的“上层-下脉”及“上黑-下黄”的空间矿化结构。本文通过研究区域地质背景、成矿地质特征、结合矿区演化特点,建立大平掌铜矿成矿模式,对分析原特提斯期的铜多金属成矿作用及其类型,提升“三江”成矿带典型矿床研究水平,认识思茅盆地早古生代基底中的优势成矿类型、找矿潜力和找矿思路等,有重要的启示作用。     

四川三江北段地区金及多金属成矿规律及靶区优选

四川三江北段地区位于我国十九个重点成矿区带之一的西南三江成矿带中东部,区内多种类型的沉积建造、频繁的火山-岩浆活动以及复杂的地质构造背景,产出了丰富的有色金属、贵金属矿产资源,本次通过DPIS预测,在区内圈定金找矿靶区6处,分别为：甘孜县找矿靶区、卓达找矿靶区、根洛找矿靶区、沙马找矿靶区、拉波找矿靶区、水洛找矿靶区。下步应有针对性的加强对6处金找矿靶区的研究、勘查工作,在区内有发现金及多金属矿床的可能。     

云南省祥云县存得村矿区冷风箐矿段与相邻矿区的类比分析

存得村矿区冷风箐矿段位于马厂箐杂岩体南接触带,其产出的铜钼多金属矿总体受宝兴厂-铜厂向斜南翼斑岩脉（体）与围岩接触带附近的挤压破碎带控制,该挤压破碎带（碎裂岩带）为该矿段矿液的运移、矿体的赋存提供了良好的通道和赋存空间,并严格控制了铜、钼矿脉（体）的空间就位。但由于多期构造活动及多期次侵入岩体的影响使得该区地质情况复杂,加之工作年限短,地质工作程度低等因素使得如何取得找矿突破成为该区的首要目标。本文参照宝兴厂-铜厂铜钼矿、乱硐山铜钼矿的找矿成果及经验,同冷风箐矿段进行类比,结合2011工作成果进行综合分析,为下步地质工作提供了参考。