江西瑞昌戏子洞铜多金属矿地质特征与控矿因素

戏子洞铜多金属矿主要产于燕山期花岗闪长斑岩及其接触带附近,赋存于花岗闪长斑岩、矽卡岩内,具有典型岩浆热液矿床成因特点。在详细分析戏子洞铜多金属矿地质特征的基础上,认为矿体主要受花岗闪长斑岩、奥陶系与志留系之间岩性差异界面及北东向层滑断层等因素综合控制。     

内蒙古阿勒特高勒金多金属矿地质特征及找矿前景

内蒙古乌拉特后旗阿勒特高勒金多金属矿位于内蒙古中部狼山—白云鄂博铜、铅、金、锌、铁、铂、镍多金属成矿带西段,该矿是在完成1∶5万区域矿产远景调查中通过化探异常查证发现的,金矿赋存于中元古界渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组,主要为一套浅变质碎屑岩建造,受NEE断裂构造控制,该金矿主要矿体赋存于地表长约1 km,宽约3~50m的褐铁矿化蚀变带中,蚀变带内石英脉发育。勘查区内圈定金矿体4条,深部钻探验证表明,矿体延深稳定。本文分析了阿勒特高勒金等多金属矿的矿床特征、控矿因素,总结了找矿标志,指出该区成矿潜力较大。     

湖南大义山岩体白沙子岭矿区钨锡矿深部找矿探索

大义山花岗岩体受"大义山式"北西向张扭性断裂构造控制,具多次侵位的特点,与岩体有关的矿产主要为锡多金属矿。本次补勘的白沙子岭锡矿区有云英岩脉型、蚀变岩体型、矽卡岩型等3类锡多金属矿类型。白沙子岭矿段平行排列的矿脉群在平面上整体呈一椭圆形展布,脉群从中间向两侧单脉的长度、厚度、品位逐渐变小,单个脉体从中间向两端厚度、品位逐渐变低。矿脉两端顶底板断层面上见到产状完全相反的擦痕,推断深部存在着一个椭圆形隐伏母岩体,成矿母岩的上部会形成蚀变岩体型矿体。为此本次补勘工作施工了一坑内深钻,上部见到了蚀变岩体型富锡矿体,下部见钨矿,预测深部找矿有较大的找矿前景。     

张家口高家庄多金属矿床成矿时代厘定及其地质意义

太行山北东向构造-岩浆岩带中发育有多个燕山期酸性岩体,目前已发现的多金属及贵金属矿床与燕山期岩体有着密切的成因联系。本文对分布于大河南岩体北西侧的高家庄多金属矿床采用硫化物Rb-Sr法进行了同位素定年,(144.5±1.4)Ma等时线测年结果与采用锆石U-Pb法确定的大河南岩体形成时代接近;此外,矿床硫化物的初始锶同位素比值为0.7122~0.7123,显示成矿物质来源以壳源为主。这与大河南岩体主要为陆壳物质部分熔融形成的认识相一致,即高家庄多金属矿床在成矿物质来源上与大河南岩体的形成与演化之间具有密切的成因联系。大河南岩体的形成时限与区内多金属矿床形成时限与中国东部第二次大规模成矿期一致,此时区内地球动力学环境正处于主应力场由近南北向转换到近东西向的构造体制大转折时期。在此独特的成矿背景下,深熔作用形成的花岗质岩浆沿NNE向与原EW向断裂交汇处侵位。花岗质岩浆高侵位但未发生喷发作用,使挥发组分和成矿元素得以保存,从而为大规模成矿作用提供了必须的热、流体、挥发组分和成矿元素。     

钦-杭成矿带东段村前含矿斑岩地球化学特征及其构造环境与成矿意义

村前铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带东段,为一具有矽卡岩型矿化和斑岩型矿化的铜多金属矿床,含矿岩体为燕山早期花岗闪长斑岩,岩石具有富硅、富铝、富碱的特点,属于偏铝-过铝质钙碱性花岗岩类。岩体具有从深部向浅部蚀变增强,大部分组分活动性不明显,而成矿元素Cu-Mo-Fe-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag含量明显增加,Na2O、Sr含量降低,REE元素除Eu少量丢失外,其余均呈一致的迁入特征。岩体属Ⅰ型花岗质岩石,由具角闪石+石榴子石残留相的火成岩部分熔融形成的熔浆,混合或混染了地壳重熔型岩浆上侵就位而成。钦杭结合带东段,燕山期中酸性岩浆活动具有从176~150Ma的埃达克岩或具岛弧花岗岩特征的Ⅰ型花岗岩,至150~140Ma的S型花岗岩,向140~110Ma的A型花岗岩演化趋势,显示了地壳由厚减薄的过程,暗示其大地构造背景为岩石圈的伸展减薄环境,而形成于169.3±1.1Ma的村前斑岩体正处于伸展阶段早期。综合岩体成矿特征表明,钦杭成矿带东段及邻近地区,176~160Ma主要形成与Ⅰ型花岗质岩石有关的以Cu为主的多金属矿床;160~150Ma主要形成与Ⅰ型花岗质岩石有关的Cu-Mo矿床与W-Sn矿床;150~140Ma主要形成与S型花岗质岩石有关的以W-Sn-Mo为主的多金属矿床,以及以Ag-Pb-Zn为主的多金属矿床;140~110Ma主要形成与A型花岗质岩石有关的以W-Sn-Mo为主的多金属矿床,少量与Ⅰ型花岗质岩石有关的Pb-Zn矿床。     

吉林白山刘家堡子狼洞沟金银矿床地球化学特征及成因探讨

通过对刘家堡子-狼洞沟金银矿床地质、成矿元素和同位素地球化学特征的分析和研究,发现矿区内近EW向和NE向断裂构造是主要容矿构造;最佳找矿元素前缘晕组合为As-Sb-Zn,矿上晕元素组合为Au-Ag-Pb-Hg,尾晕元素组合为Ni-Cu-Co;成矿作用中,古老基底中元古宙老岭群变质岩系为成矿提供了丰富的物质来源,而燕山期构造岩浆活动在提供成矿物质的同时还提供了热动力。刘家堡子-狼洞沟金银矿床应划属为与燕山晚期超浅成中酸性岩浆岩有关的中低温热液构造裂隙充填型金银矿床。     

新疆萨尔朔克铜金多金属矿床成矿围岩锆石年龄、Hf同位素及其成矿背景

新疆萨尔朔克金铜多金属矿床产于中泥盆统阿舍勒组上亚组的中酸性火山岩-次火山岩中,地表以金(铜)矿化为主,矿体形态及空间分布严格受NNW向断裂破碎带控制,矿体呈脉状、透镜状。金(铜)矿石以蚀变岩型为主,其次为石英脉型,赋矿围岩为黄铁绢英岩化流纹斑岩。金主要赋存在微细粒黄铁矿等硫化物和脉石英中,黄铜矿常呈不规则细脉状出现。在地表100m以下,出现铅锌矿化,且向深部铅锌品位较高,一般3%~5%,最高达12%以上。流纹斑岩与金铜多金属矿关系密切。通过锆石U-Pb同位素测年和Hf同位素测试分析,获得流纹斑岩的成岩年龄为386.2±1.5Ma,εHf(t)在7~13之间,主要集中在8.5~12.5之间。上述结果表明,流纹斑岩可能形成于早泥盆世晚期活动大陆边缘环境,是俯冲增生的产物。铅锌矿化是386Ma流纹斑岩期后岩浆作用的产物,而金铜矿化则是在含矿流纹斑岩的基础上,经其后火山热液叠加作用发生的。     

Regional Variability in Occurrence and Distribution of Polymetallic Nodules in the Central Indian Basin

Regional scale morphological studies on different-sized polymetallic nodules from the Central Indian Basin show that only 2–5 cm sized nodules have highest occurrence per station (92–94% along latitudes; 88–94% along longitudes). A nodule size shows an inverse relationship with the nodule distribution, grade, and abundance. Interestingly, only 3–4 and 4–5 cm sized nodules have highest grade, abundance, and distribution percentages along longitudes in P₁, first generation mine site and relinquished area, which further implies that the nodule mining along the longitude would be beneficial. Different-sized nodule groups suggest their formation under variable environmental conditions that existed in the Central Indian Basin. The coexistence of different-sized nodules suggests different environmental conditions existed in the Central Indian Basin.     

江西牛形坝-柳木坑金银铅锌多金属矿床铋矿物类型及指示意义

江西银坑矿田的牛形坝-柳木坑矿床是赣南于都-赣县矿集区典型的金银铅锌多金属矿床。根据野外调研、系统矿相学研究和电子探针成分分析,表明铋在牛形坝-柳木坑矿床中是一种重要的伴生矿化金属元素,呈独立矿物或呈微细矿物包体分布在早期硫化物内部或边缘。铋矿物种类丰富,主要包括块硫铋银矿、硫铋银矿、板硫铋铜铅矿、针硫铋铅矿、硫铜铋矿、库辉铋铜铅矿、辉碲铋矿等。与同一矿集区石英脉型盘古山钨铋矿床相比,两矿床铋矿物种类均出现Pb-Ag-Bi-S、Te-Bi-S元素组合,赋存形式和含量有所不同,Cu-Pb-Bi-S元素组合仅在牛形坝-柳木坑矿床出现。矿床属于Au-Bi-(低Te)-S体系,铋盐矿物形成于中低温、中高密度、低盐度的成矿环境。从岩浆中分馏出来的成矿流体发生减压沸腾迫使大量蒸汽相逸散,硫逸度增加,铋主要以硫络合物形式运移,随着黄铁矿等硫化物沉淀,硫被大量消耗形成金矿物和碲化物(碲银矿)。成矿流体演化过程中由于温度和硫逸度进一步降低导致在成矿后期沉淀出大量铋硫盐矿物。成矿过程中的Bi促进金的迁移富集。铋矿物在两矿床中的赋存特征、化学成分、形成环境以及沉淀机制等表现出差异,说明铋具有成矿选择性,起到对成矿物质示踪的作用。     

Metallogeny of the Baiyangping Lead‐Zinc Polymetallic Ore Concentration Area,Northern Lanping Basin of Yunnan Province,China

The Lanping Basin in the Nujiang‐Lancangjiang‐Jinshajiang (the Sanjiang) area of northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is an important part of eastern Tethyan metallogenic domain. This basin hosts a number of large unique sediment‐hosted Pb‐Zn polymetallic deposits or ore districts, such as the Baiyangping ore concentration area which is one of the representative ore district. The Baiyangping ore concentration area can be divided into the east and west ore belts, which were formed in a folded tectogene of the India‐Asia continental collisional setting and was controlled by a large reverse fault. Field observations reveal that the Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata were outcropped in the mining area, and that the orebodies are obviously controlled by faults and hosted in sandstone and carbonate rocks. However, the ore‐forming elements in the east ore belt are mainly Pb‐Zn‐Sr‐Ag, while Pb‐Zn‐Ag‐Cu‐Co elements are dominant in the west ore belt. Comparative analysis of the C‐O‐Sr‐S‐Pb isotopic compositions suggest that both ore belts had a homogeneous carbon source, and the carbon in hydrothermal calcite is derived from the dissolution of carbonate rock strata; the ore‐forming fluids were originated from formation water and precipitate water, which belonged to basin brine fluid system; sulfur was from organic thermal chemical sulfate reduction and biological sulfate reduction; the metal mineralization material was from sedimentary strata and basement, but the difference of the material source of the basement and the strata and the superimposed mineralization of the west ore belt resulted in the difference of metallogenic elements between the eastern and western metallogenic belts. The Pb‐Zn mineralization age of both ore belts was contemporary and formed in the same metallogenetic event. Both thrust formed at the same time and occurred at the Early Oligocene, which is consistent with the age constrained by field geological relationship.