辽西—赤峰一带太古代变质杂岩中石石榴石的研究

石榴石是研究区内暗色镁铁质岩、麻粒岩及片麻岩的主要造岩矿物之一。成分分 析表明，它们是含钙铝榴石分子较多的镁铝一铁铝系列石榴石，红外光谱测定其近于铁铝榴石; 穆斯堡尔谱分析表明，Fe3+含量增多将引起石榴石内六配位多面体变形程度增大;:是胞参数ao 与Ca2+含量呈正相关。本区石榴石是麻粒岩相变质作用的产物，形成的温压条件为780-840℃. 0.85-1.10 GPa。形成石榴石的反应是复杂的，其中包括角闪石与斜长石的增温脱水反应以及 紫苏辉石+斜长石组合向石榴石+革斜辉石组合转化的滑动反应。     

海洋构造地球物理当前动态、前景及我们的发展方向

    海洋构造地球物理或构造物理学是海洋地球科学研究的前沿。它是构造地质学和地球物理学互相渗透、互相促进的一门很有前景的新兴边缘学科。80年代这一新兴学科有较明显的发展，90年代这一学科在板块运动、驱动机制的定量研究以及在巨型断裂、造山带与盆地形成机理等方面的研究将有重要的突破，我国在90年代应加强对南海这一西太平洋最大的边缘海的构造地球物理研究。     

阴山山链隆起机制及有关问题探讨

阴山隆起为异常地幔发育区，软流层上凸、岩石圈变薄、幔汁上侵、地幔底辟，垂直运动激烈；阴山隆起又处在南北两大板块夹击挤压构造带上，水平运动强烈。所以，阴山隆起是中新生代垂直运动和水平运动共同作用的结果。随着阴山山链的隆起，在其南缘形成了呼包、临河等地堑式盆地。     

关于多旋回开合构造及区域成矿若干观点的认识

板块说与槽台说相结合是研究大陆演化和矿产形成的重要理论依据。开合构造、板块构造与槽台构造三者在形成机制上具有内在的联系。多旋口开合构造是指以多旋回开合观点研究的构造，它是研究开合过程中所有地质现象，包括开合序列、开合旋回等。开合构造的主要表现形式包括区域性断裂，地壳的扩张与挤压，地壳的水平运动与垂直运动，构造过渡与构造迁移。开合演化过程称为“多旋回四阶段开合递进律”。开合构造的主要特征具有多旋回性、方向性、不平衡性、迁移性、两重性、层次性和有限性等。开合构造和岩石圈演化的基本动力是地球内部热能运转的结果，导致地壳和岩石圈裂开和聚合运动，包括传送带式、手风琴式和雪撬式三种主要的不同运动方式。正是多旋回开合构造发展，导致了多旋回成矿作用。在研究矿床分类时，首先要以多源的成矿物质来源作为矿床分类的主要依据，同时，也需要注意结合诸如成矿作用、成矿构造环境、成矿理化条件以及含矿建造等因素，以多旋回开合构造一成矿的观点来研究成矿控制和成矿规律。     

关于坳拉槽

扼要介绍了坳拉槽概念的起源和沿革,并据研究现状,对其含义和形成演化的基本特点进行评述。     

SSQ-1 Digital Tape Recording Horizontal Pendulum Tiltmeter

The SSQ-1 Digital Tape Recording Horizontal Pendulum Tiltmeter is an instrument of high sensitivity to detect the changes of ground tilt. It uses a quartz horizontal pendulum held by Z?llner bifilar suspension to sense vertical displacement, the eddy-current transducer on the pendulum converts its displacements into electric signals. Then a microcomputer is used for data acquisition and printing as well as digit tape recording. And at the same time, a filtering pen recorder is used for visible recording. The scale value of the instrument is calibrated by computer using the known tilt angle of the bulging plate — mercury cup. The scale value is 0.3–0.5 m(″)/mV. The following are the testing results for the earth tide observation obtained from the east-west component at Baijiatan Seismic Station, Beijing: r(O₁): 0.6490±0.0179 α(O₁): −3.83°±1.58° r(K₁): 0.8049±0.0128 α(K₁): 1.40°±0.90° r(M₂): 0.6699±0.0040 α(M₂): −0.27°±0.34° r(S₂): 0.7316±0.0075 α(S₂): 2.83°±0.58° r(M₃): 0.8497±0.0964 α(M₃): 1.61°±6.51° The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 353–359, 1993. In this work also participated Mr. Huai-Wen PAN and Wei-Jin ZHANG. And we here give special thanks to Yun-Zao XI, Qin-Wen XI, Bo-Xong TANG, Yi-Hui CHEN and An-Xu WU for their kind help in the development and test of the instrument. This paper is translated by Mr. Zhong ZHENG.     

Meanders caused by hyperconcentrated water flow: An example from the loess plateau,China

This paper describes meandering alluvial rivers with mean annual suspended-sediment concentrations of more than 100 kgm^?3 on the Loess Plateau, China, and explains their formation as caused by the effect of hyperconcentrated water flow. When the river is dominated by hyperconcentrated flow, the rate of energy expenditure required for sediment transport declines significantly. Accordingly, the river channel adjusts itself to a lower channel gradient by increasing the river length, resulting in a meandering channel. Since the stable transportation of sediment by hyperconcentrated flow is dependent on river channel boundary conditions, the latter play an important role in the formation of meanders of this kind. The paper also discusses the conditions for the discrimination of meandering and braided rivers in this area.     

Analyzing ice dynamics using Sentinel-1 data at the Solheimajoküll Glacier,Iceland

ABSTRACT

The climate in southern Iceland has warmed over the last 70 years, resulting in accelerated glacier dynamics at the Solheimajoküll glacier. In this study, we compare glacier terminus locations from 1973 to 2018, to changes in climate across the study area, and we derive ice-surface velocities (2015–2018) from satellite remote-sensing imagery (Sentinel-1) using the offset-tracking method. There have been two regional temperature trends in the study period: cooling (1973–1979) and warming (1980–2018). Our results indicate a time lag of about 20 years between the onset of glacier retreat (?53 m/year since 2000) and the inception of the warming period. Seasonally, the velocity time series suggest acceleration during the summer melt season since 2016, whereas glacier velocities during accumulation months were constant. The highest velocities were observed at high elevations where the ice-surface slope is the steepest. We tested several scenarios to assess the hydrological time response to glacier accelerations, with the highest correlations being found between one and 30 days after the velocity estimates. Monthly correlation analyses indicated inter-annual and intra-annual variability in the glacier dynamics. Additionally, we investigate the linkage between glacier velocities and meltwater outflow parameters as they provide useful information about internal processes in the glacier. Velocity estimates positively correlate with water level and negatively correlate with water conductivity between April and August. There is also a disruption in the correlation trend between water conductivity and ice velocity in June, potentially due to a seasonal release of geothermal water.     

准噶尔海槽西准噶尔地段板块构造演化特征

准噶尔地块为前震旦纪地块。古生代,本区进一步演化成为一个由大陆裂谷发育起来的不成熟洋壳——准噶尔海槽。该海槽向西可与苏联巴尔喀什相通,并将哈萨克斯坦古板块肢解为南、北两大陆块。早石炭世末,本区结束了洋壳历史,重新成为大陆克拉通,托里北——达拉布特一线为缝合线位置。中石炭世以后,以碰撞后构造为主导,发生过三次明显的块断运动和A型俯冲。北东向的达拉布特断裂系就是在本区地壳缩短的背景下产生的走滑断层和推覆构造     

康古尔塔格硅灰石矿床地质特征与成矿条件分析

作者首次在该区找到了硅灰石矿。在专题研究基础上，分析了区域地层、构造、岩浆活动和硅灰石矿床地质特征等，提出该硅灰石矿主要产于康古尔断裂带内的花岗岩与碳酸盐地层接触带，属矽卡岩型硅灰石矿。对区内花岗岩、碳酸盐地层、矽卡岩、大地构造等硅灰石成矿条件作了分析，初步提出了该矿主要应用领域为建筑陶瓷工业。