大连茶叶沟古脊椎动物群的发现及其意义

大连茶叶沟洞穴堆积物中含有脊椎动物化石6属、6种,时代为晚更新世。该脊椎动物群明显地反映了华北脊椎动物群和东北脊椎动物群的过渡性质,它对研究动物的迁徙、地层对比以及大连地区第四纪地层划分具有意义。人工打击过的骰骨和置问号的大连智人的发现更为重要。     

The effects of prolonged aquatic macrophyte senescence on the biology of the dominant fish species in a southern African coastal lake

The littoral zone of Swartvlei, an estuarine lake on the southern Cape coast, was characterized by extensive beds of submerged aquatic macrophytes. May 1979 marked the beginning of a regression phase which lasted more than three years. The senescence of the Potamogeton pectinatus and charophyte beds resulted in a 60% decline in primary production, a 74% slump in littoral invertebrate biomass and a 54% decline in the abundance of the fishes Monodactylus falciformis (Lacepede) and Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner) associated with the macrophytes. Gravimetric and calorific analyses of their food revealed that invertebrates and filamentous algae from the littoral zone were of major importance. The two fish species consumed approximately 2% of the primary production during the Potamogeton canopy phase and 3% during the Potamogeton senescent phase. Invertebrate consumption declined from 33 mg m^?2 day^?1 during the canopy phase to 8 mg m^?2 day^?1 during the senescent phase. The disappearance of the Potamogeton and charophyte beds also resulted in a decrease in the condition of both species but the effect was indirect and related mainly to the collapse of invertebrate stocks associated with the plants.     

山东济宁煤田(东区)太原组小有孔虫生物地层

通过对山东济宁煤田 (东区 )太原组小有孔虫动物群的系统研究 ,共鉴定出小有孔虫化石 2 8属 15 5种。根据小有孔虫化石在地层中的分布和垂向的变化规律自上而下建立了 3个小有孔虫组合 : .Tetrataxis parviconi-ca- N odosaria longa- Geinitzina spandeli组合 , .Echinonodosaria echinata- Glomospira regularis组合 , .Bradyi-na sphaeroidea- Palaeotextularidae组合。通过与邻区及华北部分地区的对比 ,本区太原组小有孔虫动物群的地质时代应为早二叠世早期 ,本区石炭系 -二叠系界线应置于太原组第十一层灰岩之底     

新疆乌伦古河地区第三纪哺乳动物群初析及地层年代确定

新疆准噶尔盆地北缘乌伦古河地区第三纪含有 7个哺乳动物群 :可可买登动物群 ,哈拉玛盖动物群 ,索索泉组顶部动物群 ,索索泉动物群 ,索索泉组底部 990 0 5动物群 ,铁尔斯哈巴合动物群和乌伦古河动物群。依据动物群分析初步确定 5个岩石地层单元的地质时代分别为 :可可买登组——中中新世晚期 ;哈拉玛盖组——中中新世早期 ,索索泉组——最早中新世至早中新世最晚期或中中新世最早期 ;铁尔斯哈巴合组——晚渐新世 ;乌伦古河组——早始新世至早渐新世。     

四川岳池龙潭期地层及腕足动物

首次系统地报道了四川华蓥山地区岳池县李子垭剖面中的龙潭组地层及其腕足动物群,并对该腕足动物群的性质和特点进行了定量和定性分析。同时,与国内其它有关地区的同期的腕足动物群进行对比、讨论,指出该动物群为华南区晚二叠世早期比较典型的腕足动物群。     

连云港疏浚工程对底栖动物影响的调查研究

由于港口扩建工程,连云港地区每年有数百万立方米的泥土集中排抛于局部海域。废弃土在排抛区内形成淤积并影响着底栖动物的栖息环境。作者于1986年和1988年在连云港海域进行了底栖动物采样,调查得出了生物量和栖息密度的分布概况。结果表明:疏浚工程影响着底栖动物的生存,但其影响范围是局部的。     

头足类的分布特点及其区系特征

本文以世界海域头足类的28个科及其重要种类的分布为依据,结合生境、生态和捕获状况,探讨了头足类的分布特点、分布趋向和区系特征。     

Benthic Communities of the lnfralittoral in the N. Sporades (Aegean Sea): a Variety of Biotopes Encountered and Analysed

Abstract. The infralittoral benthos was studied on three islands of the Northern Sporades in the Aegean Sea. Thirteen stations were sampled on both hard and soft substrata and 408 taxa were identified, some of zoogeographical interest. Multivariate statistical methods such as classification, ordination and Similarilies Terms Analysis were combined with existing ecological information to delineate the various communities present and to point to the indicator species characterising them. The communities were then defined using the indicator species and their affinities to typical biocoenoses. The main factor responsible for the observed distribution proved to be the type of substratum (algal cover or sediment type), which reflects the light and hydrodynamic conditions. The observed bathynietric zonation was similar lo that of the Balearic Islands in the western Mediterranean.     

Size partitioning of microbial and meiobenthic biomass and respiration on Brown's Bank, south-west Nova Scotia

Biomass and respiration (oxygen consumption) of bacteria, microfauna, and meiofauna were measured in coarse sand sediment from Brown's Bank (172 m) off Nova Scotia, Canada. Community biomass, excluding macrofauna, had a median value of 35 mg C m⁻², dominated by bacteria (51%), microfauna (25%), and a minor meiofauna component (2·5%). Protozoan microfauna were mostly microflagellates (colourless cryptomonads). The experimental design allowed partitioning of benthic metabolism without using subtraction from whole community rates. Addition-removal experiments with fauna separated into size categories were used to construct a respiration-biomass regression for all taxa. Respiration rates for faunal groups were then calculated from their biomass in the natural sediment. Total microbial and meiofaunal community respiration had a median rate of 0·55 ml O₂ m⁻² h⁻¹ which was partitioned into median proportions of bacteria (50%) microflagellates (27%), and metazoan meiofauna (4%). Correlations among faunal biomass values from incubated vials of sediment suggested that bacteria were important prey for protozoans. With added biomass of meiofauna, protozoans also became a potentially important source of prey. The results demonstrated the significance of microflagellate protozoans in these sediments and their metabolic and trophic importance relative to meiofauna and even bacteria.