甘肃李坝金矿床地质特征及成冈研究

李坝金矿床位于中川印支－燕山期复式花岗岩体外热变质带即黑云母变质带中,带内分布有较多的同类型矿床（点）,是礼岷金矿带东部最大的金矿床。矿体产出严格受断裂破碎带控制,矿体主要为脉状、透镜状,分支复合,膨大缩小明显。容矿岩石主要为粉砂质板岩,矿石类型简单,主要为块状、碎裂状少硫化物浸染型,次为角砾状硫化物浸染型,矿化组合为金银系列矿物－黄铁矿－（毒砂）。金矿化富集与中酸性岩脉空间密切伴生,同位产出。成     

小秦岭与胶东金矿床的成矿流体特征对比

小秦岭和胶东地区夺型金矿床的矿化类型和成矿流体的包裹体，稳定同位素特征和有很多相似之处，但也有些区别。小秦岭矿床的流体包裹体具更高的ＣＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ，较高的Ｋ＾＋／Ｎａ＾＋和Ｆ＾－／Ｃｌ＾－，这与该区的成矿压力较高，容矿主岩以相对贫Ｋ＾＋，Ｆ＾－的斜长角闪岩和灰色片麻岩类有关。     

河西走廊沙尘暴特征及气候成因分析

本文主要分析了河西走廊春季沙尘暴多发的原因,指出河西走廊所处的特殊的地理位置和独特的地形地貌以及干旱少雨的气候背景是沙尘暴频繁发生的主要原因。河西走廊的沙尘暴过程次数自1955年以来总体呈减少趋势,上世纪70年代最多,90年代最少。研究发现,河西走廊沙尘暴发生与东亚冬季风的强弱有直接关系．并且与前期秋、冬季赤道中东太平洋海温关系密切．海温偏高时,东亚冬季风较弱,河西走廊发生的沙尘暴较少,海温偏低时,东亚冬季风较强,河西走廊春季容易发生沙尘暴。     

江西金山金矿床流体包裹体地球化学特征

对金山金矿床流体包裹体的研究表明：成矿流体具有中低温、低盐度和低密度的特征；富含Ca^2 、Mg^2 、K^ 、Na^ 、SO4^2-、CO2等；主要来源于变质水和大气降水，部分来源于岩浆水；流体的性质在时间和空间上都有一定的变化，矿床的形成主要是两期流体成矿作用的结果，早期为变质水与大气降水的混合，晚期为岩浆水与大气降水的混合。认为不同种类流体的混合、单一流体不混溶分离作用及盐水体系中有机质的参与是金沉淀成矿的主要因素。     

内蒙古小东沟钼矿成矿地质条件分析

小东沟钼矿为中型斑岩型钼矿,矿区及其外围已发现多个钼或钼多金属矿点.文章根据小东沟钼矿的赋矿地质条件和物化探异常特征,阐述了该矿床钼矿的成矿地质条件,及钼矿与外围铅锌矿之间成因上的联系,提出本区钼矿的成矿母岩为边墙岩体,矿化富集部位为小岩株前缘的周边及顶部,铅锌矿矿质来源主要为于家北沟组地层,其成矿与后期岩浆热液活动关系密切.同时,由物探成果和钻探资料推测在边墙岩体周边还存在有类似小东沟岩体的隐伏含矿小岩体,为该区今后的工作提出了新的找矿思路.     

用断层面正压力法分析北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断层垂向封闭性及其演化

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷油气藏的形成和破坏与断层的垂向封闭性密切相关。通过对该凹陷内已知油藏的解剖,确定出断层垂向封闭性的临界值为12.4MPa。同时,根据平衡剖面技术对成藏期古构造进行了恢复,在此基础上对断层古封闭性进行分析,确定了成藏期古断层面的开启位置,即:1号断层,2号断层东部和西部,3号断层东的6条分支断层及4号断层的4条分支断层。已发现的含油区块位置与成藏期的开启断层面位置的对比研究表明两者有很好的一致性。对凹陷内主要断层的古、今垂向封闭性进行综合分析,认为该区断层垂向封闭性存在3种演化模式:成藏期封闭——现今封闭,成藏期开启——现今封闭和成藏期开启-现今开启。不同类型的封闭性演化模式对油气的运移与保存所起的作用不同,3种演化模式分别对应“成藏期输导性差→现今封闭性好”、“成藏期输导性好→现今封闭性好”和“成藏期输导性好→现今封闭性差”,以“成藏期开启——现今封闭”型断层对油气的运移及保存最为有利。     

舟曲特大山洪泥石流形成机制与治理方法

通过对舟曲三眼峪＂8.8＂特大山洪泥石流灾害的发育条件、形成机制分析及对灾害发展趋势、危险性的评估,探讨舟曲泥石流灾害的防治思路、防治对策以及主要的防治工程措施,并为预防和防治类似泥石流灾害提供经验。     

Geological Features and Formation Processes of the Makeng Fe Deposit,China

Recent studies have revealed that the Makeng Fe deposit is a skarn type deposit. However, the skarns in Makeng, occurring primarily between limestone and sandstone, are not typically associated with limestone and plutons. Different periods of intrusions, e.7. Hercynian mafic intrusions and Yanshanian (i.e. early Cretaceous) Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion, occurred in the Makeng deposit district. In this study, the formation processes of the skarns and Fe mineralization are constrained by detailed fieldwork, petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry. Skarns and Fe mineralization intersecting the Hercynian mafic intrusions are observed in consecutive specimens from the 106# tunnel. They suggest that the skarn formation and Fe mineralization occurred after the Hercynian mafic intrusions and are related to the later Yanshanian Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion. The geochronological characteristics of weakly skarn‐altered diabases, the decreasing nature of Fe contents in altered diabase, and the major element compositions of pyroxenes and garnets also support that Hercynian mafic intrusions are strongly reformed by Yanshanian granitic magmas and the Fe migrated from mafic intrusion was responsible for formation of iron ore.     

地史中成矿演化的趋势和阶段性

大量的地质矿产资料表明，随着地球的形成和发展，尤其是水圈、大气圈和生物圈的演化，成矿作用也呈前进的、不可逆的发展趋势，表现在成矿物质（矿种）由少到多；矿床类型由简到繁；成矿频率由低到高；聚矿能力由弱到强。受地球上重大地质事件的制约，这一成矿演化过程又表现出阶段性，可划分出７个成矿大阶段，即太古宙、古元古代、中元古代、新元古代、早古生代、晚古生代—早中生代、晚中生代—新生代等成矿期。每一期中都有特定的成矿构造环境和矿床成因类型。制约地史上成矿演化的主要因素有：①成矿物质的地球化学性质；②水圈、大气圈和生物圈的演化；③地球构造运动的演变。矿床形成后的保存条件对矿床的时空分布特征也有重要影响。     

Fluid Inclusions and C?H?O?S?Pb Isotopes: Implications for the Genesis of the Zhuanshanzi Gold Deposit on the Northern Margin of the North China Craton

The Zhuanshanzi gold deposit lies in the eastern section of the Xingmeng orogenic belt and the northern section of the Chifeng‐Chaoyang gold belt. The gold veins are strictly controlled by a NW‐oriented shear fault zone. Quartz veins and altered tectonic rock‐type gold veins are the main vein types. The deposits can be divided into four mineralization stages, and the second and third metallogenic stages are the main metallogenic stages. In this paper, based on the detailed field geological surveys, an analysis of the orebody and ore characteristics, microtemperature measurement of fluid inclusions, the Laser Raman spectrum of the inclusions, determination of C? H? O? S? Pb isotopic geochemical characteristics, and so on were carried out to explore the origin of the ore‐forming fluids, ore‐forming materials, and the genesis of the deposits. The results show that the fluid inclusions can be divided into four types: type I – gas–liquid two‐phase inclusions; type II – gas‐rich inclusions; type III– liquid inclusions; and type IV – CO₂‐containing three‐phase inclusions. However, they are dominated by type Ib – gas liquid inclusions and type IV – three‐phase inclusions containing CO₂. The gas compositions are mainly H₂O and CO₂, indicating that the metallogenic system is a CO₂? H₂O? NaCl system. The homogenization temperature of the ore‐forming fluid evolved from a middle temperature to a low temperature, and the temperature of the fluid was further reduced due to meteoric water mixing during the late stage, as well as a lack of CO₂ components, and eventually evolved into a simple NaCl? H₂O hydrothermal system. C? H? O? S? Pb isotope research proved that the ore‐forming fluids are mainly magmatic water during the early stage, with abundant meteoric water mixed in during the late stage. Ore‐forming materials originated mostly from hypomagma and were possibly influenced by the surrounding rocks, suggesting that the ore‐forming materials were mainly magmatic hydrothermal deposits, with a small amount of crustal component. The fluid immiscibility and the CO₂ and CH₄ gases in the fluids played an active and important role in the precipitation and enrichment of Au during different metallogenic stages. The deposit is considered a magmatic hydrothermal deposit of middle–low temperature.