中条山地区铜矿壳源流体成矿：来自铜矿峪、胡家峪流体包裹体氦、氩同位素的证据

山西中条山地区是我国重要的铜成矿带,发育铜矿峪斑岩型铜矿和“胡(家峪) 篦(子沟)”型铜矿。本文对铜矿峪铜矿的黄铁矿和黄铜矿、胡家峪铜矿的黄铁矿开展了流体包裹体中的He、Ar同位素组成研究。铜矿峪黄铁矿、黄铜矿流体包裹体中的 4 He含量为46. 23×10 -8 ~1195. 75×10 -8 cm 3 STP/g, 3 He/ 4 He比值为0. 01~0. 06Ra, 40 Ar含量为1. 69×10 -8 ~74. 11×10 -8 cm 3 STP/g; 40 Ar/ 36 Ar为407~2327. 8。胡家峪黄铁矿流体包裹体中 4 He含量为314. 06×10 -8 ~3815. 87×10 -8 cm 3 STP/g; 3 He/ 4 He为0. 003~0. 014Ra , 40 Ar含量为25. 62×10 -8 ~761. 51×10 -8 cm 3 STP/g; 40 Ar/ 36 Ar 值为936. 1~4108. 6。中条山地区铜矿床 3 He/ 4 He值明显指示壳源He特征,铜矿峪、胡家峪样品中幔源He的含量介于0~0. 56%之间,幔源He对成矿的贡献可忽略不计。在成矿流体的 40 Ar/ 36 Ar- 3 He/ 4 He和 40 Ar*/ 4 He 3 He/ 4 He关系图解中所有样品均投点于壳源流体区域,显示Ar为地壳来源。因此,中条山地区大规模成矿作用以壳源流体成矿为主,并未发现幔源流体参与成矿的踪迹。     

内蒙古呼扎盖吐钼矿床成矿流体特征及成矿机制

内蒙古呼扎盖吐钼矿床是得尔布干成矿带上新发现的一座斑岩型钼矿床,钼矿体分布在燕山早期花岗闪长岩岩体内及其流纹岩接触带中,矿床以辉钼矿化和黄铁矿化为主,伴随有铅锌矿化和少量的黄铜矿化。成矿过程主要分为4个阶段：硅化阶段、石英- 辉钼矿阶段、石英- 多金属硫化物阶段和石英- 方解石阶段。流体包裹体可分为富液相包裹体、富气相包裹体、含子矿物的多相包裹体和含CO2的三相包裹体4种类型。以主成矿阶段为研究重点,对不同成矿阶段（Ⅱ→Ⅳ阶段)矿脉中石英/方解石中的包裹体进行了显微测温和激光拉曼探针分析。结果显示：石英- 辉钼矿阶段,包裹体均一温度主要集中在280~400℃之间,盐度变化范围在2. 57%~51. 68%。该阶段富气相包裹体、含子矿物的多相包裹体和含CO2的三相包裹体共存,L型包裹体液相成分主要为H2O- NaCl,V型包裹体气相成分除H2O为主外,部分还含有CO2,含石盐子晶的三相包裹体,检测到不透明子矿物黄铜矿的峰值。发育铅锌矿化和黄铜矿化的石英- 多金属硫化物阶段,包裹体均一温度集中在180~280℃之间,盐度变化范围为0. 18%~9. 73%。成矿晚期石英- 方解石脉中仅发育L型的气- 液两相流体包裹体,均一温度集中在140~240℃之间,盐度变化范围为0. 35%~7. 17%。结合最新研究成果,本文认为该矿床初始流体是中等盐度和密度的岩浆流体,在主成矿阶段由于压力释放发生流体沸腾作用,成矿流体系统的物理化学条件和氧化- 还原环境发生骤变,导致辉钼矿和其他硫化物等成矿物质在脉状裂隙中发生卸载沉淀。     

内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗姚家店铅锌矿地质特征

内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗姚家店铅锌矿矿床为一受NW向断裂带构造控制的中低温岩浆热液充填交代型铅锌矿床,形成于燕山晚期,矿体呈脉状产于二叠世额里图组安山质凝灰岩之构造破碎带内,形态产状严格受断裂构造控制。矿石为硅化、黄铁矿化碎裂岩型铅锌矿石。     

青海省石藏寺金锑矿床地质特征及成矿机理探讨

石藏寺金锑矿床位于泛华夏大陆晚古生代藏北(羌塘)三江弧前盆地,西倾山晚古生代盆地西端北缘。矿床为金锑矿共生矿床,其矿体受构造破碎带控制,呈似板状、透镜状。自然金主要与辉锑矿、石英嵌布关系密切,辉锑矿中包裹金占50%以上,粒间金、裂隙金与辉锑矿、石英连生。围岩蚀变有硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化。石藏寺金锑矿床与临区大场金锑矿床类似。矿床形成机理为在青藏高原碰撞造山带过程中,岩浆热液沿着深大断裂迁移,并与大气水发生循环,从围岩中断萃取Au,Sb矿物质,在构造、地球物理化学条件适宜的部位聚集形成金锑矿体,为造山型金锑矿床的浅成矿床。     

Trace element geochemistry of magnetite from the giant Beiya gold-polymetallic deposit in Yunnan Province,Southwest China and its implications for the ore forming processes

The Beiya gold–polymetallic deposit is one of the largest gold deposits in China and is considered to be a typical porphyry-skarn system located in the middle of the Jinshajiang–Ailaoshan alkaline porphyry metallogenic belt. Massive magnetite is widespread in the Beiya ore district but its genesis is still the subject of debate. Five representative magnetite types are present in the Beiya deposit, namely magmatic magnetite (M1) from the ore-related porphyry, disseminated magnetite (M2) from the early retrograde alteration, massive magnetite (M3) from the early quartz-magnetite stage, massive magnetite (M4) from the middle quartz-magnetite stage and magnetite (M5) from the late quartz-magnetite stage. Compared with the M1 magnetite, the magnetites from stages M2 to M5 are depleted in Ti, Al and high field strength elements, implying a hydrothermal origin, distinct from the magmatic accessory magnetite in the ore-related porphyry (M1). The concentrations of cobalt in the hydrothermal magnetites decrease gradually from M2 to M5, and can be used to discriminate the magnetite types. The Al + Mn and Ti + V contents of the successively precipitated magnetite grains (M2–M5) suggests that the ore forming temperature decreased from M2 to M4, but increased from M4 to M5, possibly as the result of a new pulse of magma entering the chamber, which may have triggered the gold mineralization. The V content in the hydrothermal magnetite suggests that the oxygen fugacity increased from M2 to M4 but decreased as soon as the sulfides entered the system (M5).     

峨眉地幔柱对中上扬子区二叠纪成藏条件影响的探讨

峨眉地幔柱与峨眉地裂运动有何关系？它对中上扬子区二叠纪天然气藏有何影响？研究地幔柱和地裂运动对塔里木盆地油气勘探和开拓新的油气资源有何意义？这些均是复杂而有挑战性的问题。在多年研究峨眉地裂运动基础上,利用前人对峨眉地幔柱的研究成果,探讨扬子板块西北缘拗拉槽群形成与峨眉地幔柱关系,以及峨眉地幔柱产生的热力作用对烃源岩转化和优质储层的影响。对比塔里木盆地和四川盆地构造演化史,建议塔里木盆地油气勘探加强地幔柱和地裂运动对油气成藏条件影响的研究,同时开展地幔柱对2个盆地无机成因油气资源的探索,争取发现新的油气资源。     

甘南黄河上游水源补给区“黑土滩”型退化草地现状、成因及综合治理对策

 通过对黄河上游水源补给区“黑土滩”型退化草地现状的调查发现,“黑土滩”型退化草地是由于气候的异常扰动、过度放牧、鼠类破坏、人为影响的综合因素引起的。从而提出了生态综合治理有效途径应以遵循自然规律,因势利导为出发点,减轻放牧压力,防止退化草地面积进一步扩张和蔓延;对不同程度退化草地应采用防治结合的模式,以草定畜,优化畜牧业管理模式;同时应及时灭鼠和防治毒杂草,全面贯彻落实家庭牧场政策、增加投入和高效管理,大力发展教育事业,加强法制建设,实现黄河上游水源补给区草与畜的可持续发展。     

与盐碱矿共生的油页岩形成环境及沉积演化——以桐柏吴城盆地油页岩矿床为例

桐柏吴城盆地五里堆组油页岩为棕黑色,质细而软,呈薄片状产出,平均含油率为6.2％。其内可见大量星点状、结核状黄铁矿,并作为天然碱矿层的直接底板与天然碱、盐岩、白云岩及粉砂质泥岩构成了多个韵律旋回。研究表明：该油页岩形成于湿热气候下的山间封闭盆地;盆地构造环境稳定、周围陆源碎屑供给贫乏;沉积介质为弱还原-还原、半咸水-咸水的浅湖静水环境。在干-湿交替但以干热为主的山间封闭盆地大背景下,五里堆组含油页岩岩系经历了“湿热作用较强→干热为主→高度干热→干热为主→湿热为主”的气候变化旋回,形成了油页岩、天然碱、盐岩、白云岩、粉砂质泥岩的不同韵律组合。     

勘察场地岩溶地面塌陷评价方法探讨--压力差效应理论的工程意义

岩溶地面塌陷是一种危害极大的突发性地质灾害。该文介绍了岩溶地面塌陷形成机制－“压力差效应”理论,并应用该理论探讨岩溶场地地面塌陷的评价和预防方法。     

The Forming Conditions of and Ore- searching Direction for B, Mg, Pb, Zn and Au Deposits in the Liaoji Proterozoic Rift

The Liaoji Proterozoic rift is an inter- intracontinenatl rift developed from Archean granite- greenstone tectonic regime and contains many important mineral deposits of U, B, magnesite, Pb - Zn, Au, Ag, Co and P. These deposits were formed as the result of late mobilization, transportation and concentration of the previously enriched ore - forming materials in several ore- bearing formations formed during the rift stage. So the metallogeny of these deposits in the rift shows both inheritance and new generation of the ore - forming materials. In future ore - searching practice, attentions should be paid on the studies of the ore - bearing formations in the rift, on the multiple stages of metallogeny and and on multiple derivations of the ore - forming materials.