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钾-氩和氩-氩定年样品的送样要求及预处理 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
介绍了K-Ar和Ar-Ar法定年样品的送样要求及实验室预处理程序,样品粒度以250~180μm为宜;用量则视样品的K含量和年龄情况而定,K含量越高、年龄越老,所需样品量越少,多数样品的用量在几十至几百毫克;对于年龄情况不清楚的样品,10~20g手标本或者1~2g合适粒度的样品可以保证用量。全岩样品常受蚀变和捕虏晶的影响,有效的预处理可以在很大程度上消除这些干扰因素。文章还介绍了用稀HNO3消除碳酸盐、1.7mol/L HF消除轻微蚀变的影响以及电磁选剔除捕虏晶的实验过程。 相似文献
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对金州短水准观测和资料分析中常易引起争议或新出现的若干重要问题进行论论,其结果对跨断层形变测量具有普遍意义。 相似文献
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本文以等物质的量的反应规则建立了岩盐、芒硝中各种化合物的质量分数的计算公式。这些公式既符合法定计量单位的要求,又方便计算。 相似文献
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interpretationofpaleoclimaticrecordsinicecore(Dansgaardetal.,1969;Rozanskietal.,1997;Yao,1999;Thompsonetal.,2000).SincethefirstdeepicecorewasdrilledinGreenlandin1966(Dansgaardetal.,1969),hundredsoficecoreswereobtainedsuccessivelyfromicesheetsinAntarcticaandArctic,andmountainglaciersatmid-highlatitudes,fundedbynumerousresearchprogramsonglobalclimateandenvironmentalchange.Theseicecoresprovideuniqueandvaluablefirst-handinformationinrecoveringglobalpaleoenvironmentalrecordsandforecastingfuturecl… 相似文献
18.
Mixing of event and pre‐event water in a shallow Entisol in sloping farmland based on isotopic and hydrometric measurements,SW China 下载免费PDF全文
Water percolation and flow processes in subsurface geologic media play an important role in determining the water source for plants and the transport of contaminants or nutrients, which is essential for water resource management and the development of measures for pollution mitigation. During June 2013, the dynamics of the rainwater, soil water, subsurface flows and groundwater in a shallow Entisol on sloping farmland were monitored using a hydrometric and isotopic approach. The results showed that effective mixing of rainwater and soil water occurred in hours. The rebound phenomenon of δD profiles in soils showed that most isotope‐depleted rainwater largely bypassed the soil matrix when the water saturation in the soil was high. Preferential‐flow, which was the dominant water movement pattern in the vadose zone, occurred through the whole soil profile, and infrequent piston‐flow was mainly found at 20–40 cm in depth. The interflow in the soil layer, composed of 75.2% rainwater, was only generated when the soil profile had been saturated. Underflow in the fractured mudrock was the dominant flow type in this hillslope, and outflow was dominated by base flow (groundwater flow) with a mean contribution of 76.7%. The generation mechanism of underflow was groundwater ridging, which was superimposed upon preferential‐flow composed mainly of rainwater. The quick mixing process of rainwater and soil water and the rapid movement of the mixture through preferential channels in the study soil, which shows a typical bimodal pore size distribution, can explain the prompt release of pre‐event water in subsurface flow. Water sources of subsurface flows at peak discharge could be affected by the antecedent soil water content, rain characteristics and antecedent groundwater levels. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Comparison of runoff characteristics of two adjacent basins in a tropical rainforest using a modified hydrologic cycle model with outflow 下载免费PDF全文
We propose a new runoff model including an outflow process that was applied to two adjacent basins (CL, TL) located in Lambir Hills National Park in north‐central Sarawak, Malaysia. Rainfall, runoff, topography, and soil layer thickness were observed. About 19% of annual runoff was observed in the CL basin (21.97 ha), whereas about 46% was observed in the TL basin (23.25 ha). It was inferred that the CL basin has an outflow because of low base flow, small runoff peak, and excessive water loss. By incorporating the outflow process into the HYdrological CYcle MODEL, good agreement between the data generated by the model and that observed was shown, with the exception of the data from the rainless period. Then, the fitting parameters for each basin were exchanged, except for the outflow parameter, and the characteristics of each basin were compared by calculating virtual runoff. As a result, the low base flow of the CL basin was estimated by the movement of the rainwater that escaped from the basin as deep percolation or lateral flow (11% of rainfall). The potential of the CL basin for mitigating flood and drought appeared to be higher than that of the TL basin. This is consistent with the topographic characteristics of the CL basin, which has a gentler slope than the TL basin. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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DSC2型称重式降水传感器测雨性能的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为更有效地利用降雨观测数据,充分发挥新型探测设备建设效益,文章对DS(2型称重降水传感器的测雨性能进行分析评估,选取北京市13个国家级地面气象观测站在2013年4—10月,称重式降水传感器与人工、翻斗观测降雨量的业务观测资料,分析称重与人工和翻斗观测在降雨总量、日降雨量等方面的差异。结果表明:在选取样本中,12个台站的总降雨量误差符合现行业务要求,三种测量在日降雨量等级判断方面基本一致。称重比人工观测的日降雨量平均偏小0.13 mm,日降雨量相关系数为0.9968,对应地,称重比翻斗观测的结果平均偏小0.17 mm,日降雨量相关系数为0.9983。 相似文献