An innovative block partition and equivalence method of the wave scatter diagram for offshore structural fatigue assessment

The fatigue assessment plays an increasing role for the offshore structural safety. Many fatigue assessment methods have been developed for this purpose. Among those methods, the time domain method is regarded as the most accurate method but less adopted in practice due to time consuming. In order to improve the efficiency of the time domain method, an innovative block partition and equivalence method of the wave scatter diagram is developed for offshore structural fatigue assessment. After the wave scatter diagram is partitioned into several blocks, the newly developed method, involves determination of the equivalent wave height, wave period and occurrence probability of the representative sea states based on modified energy equivalent principle. The equivalent wave period of the representative sea state is calculated via the spectral moment formula in which the equivalent spectral moments of zero and second order are obtained based on the weighted averaging principle. Combining with the determined wave period, the equivalent significant wave height can be determined by reversing the wave spectrum integral formula, where the equivalent wave energy of a divided block of the wave scatter diagram is modified by introducing a factor to compensate the effect of low- and high-amplitude cycles fatigue damage. The equivalent occurrence probability is equal to the summation of the original sea states’ occurrence probability within the divided block. The developed method has the advantage of preserving the stochastic characteristics of the short term sea states within the divided block during determining the representative sea state. At the same time the newly developed method has no limitation on block partition and can be applied on different offshore structure. Two structural models, a fixed mono-pile platform and a floating semi-submersible platform, are demonstrated in the numerical examples. Results indicate that the newly developed method is robust, computationally affordable, and accurate within engineering expectations.     

现代黄河三角洲附近海域表层沉积物地球化学分区

对取自现代黄河三角洲附近海域的表层沉积物样品进行粒度分析和地球化学元素分析。研究表明,沉积物类型主要为砂质粉砂和粉砂,表层沉积物粒度由近岸向渤海东部大致为由粗变细再变粗的趋势,研究区大部分化学元素的含量和分布受沉积物粒度控制作用明显,即"元素的粒度控制律"。运用Q型聚类法对研究区表层沉积物常微量元素进行分析,并将其划分为3个地球化学分区,Ⅰ区主要集中在渤海中部海区,该区化学元素含量高。Ⅱ区主要集中在莱州湾,常微量元素含量比Ⅰ区稍低。Ⅲ区化学元素含量最低,根据地理位置不同又可分为3个亚区。3个分区反映了不同物源和水动力环境对研究区沉积物分布的影响。     

Hierarchical extraction of landslides from multiresolution remotely sensed optical images

The automated detection and mapping of landslides from Very High Resolution (VHR) images present several challenges related to the heterogeneity of landslide sizes, shapes and soil surface characteristics. However, a common geomorphological characteristic of landslides is to be organized with a series of embedded and scaled features. These properties motivated the use of a multiresolution image analysis approach for their detection. In this work, we propose a hybrid segmentation/classification region-based method, devoted to this specific issue. The method, which uses images of the same area at various spatial resolutions (Medium to Very High Resolution), relies on a recently introduced top-down hierarchical framework. In the specific context of landslide analysis, two main novelties are introduced to enrich this framework. The first novelty consists of using non-spectral information, obtained from Digital Terrain Model (DTM), as a priori knowledge for the guidance of the segmentation/classification process. The second novelty consists of using a new domain adaptation strategy, that allows to reduce the expert’s interaction when handling large image datasets. Experiments performed on satellite images acquired over terrains affected by landslides demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method with different hierarchical levels of detail addressing various operational needs.     

Atmospheric concentrations of PAHs, their possible sources and gas-to-particle partitioning at a residential site of Bursa, Turkey

Atmospheric PAH concentrations were determined in Gulbahce district of Bursa, Turkey between August 2004 and April 2005. Measured PAH concentrations were classified as heating and non-heating season samples. The concentrations of total PAHs in heating season were almost ten times higher than those in non-heating season. Diagnostic ratios and factor analysis results show that in the heating season traffic along with residential heating emissions heavily influence PAH concentrations. The plot of logK_p versus logP_L⁰ for all the data set of heating and non-heating season samples gave significantly different slopes. The slope for the heating season samples (− 0.92) was steeper than the one for the non-heating season samples (− 0.78). The partitioning results for individual samples further indicated that slope values varied depending on air parcel trajectories. Air parcels traveled over water (either over the Black Sea or Aegean Sea) prior to arriving at the sampling site had less steep slopes. Partitioning of PAHs was also investigated by comparing experimentally determined K_p values with the results obtained both from octanol-based model (K_p(Oct.)) and soot and octanol-based model (K_p (Soot + Oct.)). Both models were useful in predicting the experimental K_p values. However, they did not explain the observed variability in the experimental K_p values.     

麒麟厂铅锌矿银的工艺矿物学研究

笔者应用微区测试研究、粒度统计分析及物相分析等，对云南会泽铅锌矿麒麟厂矿床6号矿体铅锌特富矿石中银的工艺矿物特征进行了研究，认为银以类质同象和独立矿物两种状态存在，发现了11种银矿物和含银矿物，方铅矿是银的主要载体矿物，银的最佳回收指标为93．52％－99．20％。     

阿尔泰三号伟晶岩脉岩浆演化过程中铌,钽示踪的研究

对三号伟晶岩脉某些不相容元素的分异与演化进行了研究,结果表明,岩浆作用中不相容元素Ｎｂ,Ｔａ的不相容性在花岗伟晶岩浆演化过程中已大大减弱,Ｎｔ,Ｔａ,独立矿物如铌钽铁矿,细晶石等形成于伟晶质熔体的各个演化阶段,依据地质观察和分析数据对三号伟晶岩脉的分离结晶过程进行恢复,同时,计算了Ｎｂ,Ｔａ在熔体与白云母,微斜长石,钠长石,锂辉石等主要矿物之间的分配系数,对Ｎｂ,Ｔａ的成矿作用也进行了讨论。     

水流分配策略随下坡坡度变化的多流向算法

提出了一种新的多流向算法方法(MFD-fg),其基本思想是水流分配策略应在空间上随着与下坡坡度相关的地形参数而变,从而地形对水流分配的影响可以得到合理、有效的建模。比较分析表明,MFD-fg采用以最大下坡坡度的线性函数对水流分配进行加权,是较好的水流分配策略。应用实验表明,与目前具代表性的单流向算法与多流向算法相比,MFD-fg方法的结果可获得更合理的汇流面积。     

毛乌素沙地海流兔河流域水文地质特征

海流兔河流域是毛乌素沙地的代表性流域,开展以流域为单元的研究,将为毛乌素沙地的流域水资源配置提供科学依据.通过系统分析海流兔河流域的含水层展布和地下水分布特征,创新性地将含水层厚度和地下水埋深的分区进行小波图像融合后,得到了新的水文地质参数分区.结果 表明:海流兔河流域的第四系及白垩系为该区域的巨厚含水层系统,其中白垩...     

不等距划分的高维相似性度量方法研究

介绍了现有的高维相似性度量的改进方法,对其中存在的问题进行了分析说明,然后利用不等距维区间划分对相似性度量函数PIDist(X,Y,kd)进行改进,并对UCI提供的机器学习数据库中的heart-statlog和vehicle数据集进行聚类分析对比实验,实验结果验证了改进高维相似性度量方法的正确性和有效性。     

钾盐矿床中Br的地球化学特征及研究进展

本文概述了Br的地球化学行为及其在钾盐矿床中的应用,重点论述了Br的分配系数和热力学模型的新发展。指出近年来用海相蒸发岩盐中的溴来评价显生宙海水组分变化行为,对于重新认识贫硫酸盐型的钾盐矿床有十分重要的意义。由于大洋中脊热液流体组分改变和海底扩张作用,使古海水组分发生变化,这种作用比碳酸盐白云石化或硫酸镁缺损使古海水组分发生变化更为重要。指出研究老挝贫硫酸盐型钾盐矿床对在我国兰坪一思茅盆地寻找钾盐矿床有重要的指导意义。