基于GIS的土地储备业务管理系统的研究与实现

土地是支撑城市社会经济发展和基础设施建设的空间基础,作为自然物的土地具有价值属性。土地储备涉及市土地开发中心前期部、征地部、出让部、工程部、合同部、计财部等内部职能部门,涉及测绘、规划、房管、农业、城市更新、发改、人民政府等外部单位,交互业务较多,因此土地的规划、审批、征收、出让、工程等流程复杂、管理困难。本文介绍了土地储备业务管理系统的实现思路,系统实现建立业务审批体系。规范资金使用和管理,达到海量数据高效处理、图属档一体化、实时信息在线共享、流程优化协同办理、短信督办提醒的目标,满足对土地储备情况的宏观监管和微观审批,形成完善的土地储备业务管理体系。     

纯球坐标系内各项重力校正值计算方案和计算过程

在国内,首次阐述了"纯球坐标系内各项重力校正值的计算方案和计算过程"。该计算方案有如下优点:①以观测点P为中心,以球面距离am=am-1+Δa.bm-1(m=2,3,…,M)为半径将计算区划分为M个环带,再以Δλ0为由P点出发射线的角度间隔将所有环带等分为N(整数)份的计算区划分方案是最严密拼接,因而校正值的计算精度相当高。②在地形复杂和相对高差大的情况下,通过减小Δa、b和Δλ0数值,可进一步提高计算精度。③可以直接采用带有经、纬度坐标的高程数据,进行大面积测区的各项重力校正值计算,而不受6°带和标准图幅限制。     

宁夏红石湾煤矿涌水量评价

在分析红石湾煤矿区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,对矿井的充水因素进行了论述,认为区内的古近系孔隙水含水层分布广,厚度大,富水性较强,但由于其距首采区的主采煤层(三煤)较远,导水裂隙带的最大破坏高度尚未达到该含水层,且其间有近20m厚的隔水层,所以该含水层对煤矿开采影响较小;影响区内煤矿涌水量的主要含水层为二叠系石盒子组砂岩含水层和山西—太原组砂岩含水层。采用富水系数比拟法、狭长水平巷道水动力学法、大井法对煤矿涌水量进行了计算,通过对各种计算方法适应性的评述及计算结果的对比,最后选用狭长水平巷道水动力学计算结果作为矿井正常涌水量,大井法计算结果作为矿井的最大涌水量。     

结合MapReduce和HBase的遥感图像并行分布式查询

提出了一种可扩展的遥感图像多维度并行查询模式,即利用MapReduce实现海量图像数据金字塔的并行构建,利用HBase实现图像的分布式检索,设计和实现了单张遥感图像金字塔的并行构建方法和图像索引系统。实验结果表明,随着Hadoop和HBase集群的增长,图像数据的导入和检索速度得到明显提升。     

Multidimensional-unified topological relations computation: a hierarchical geometric algebra-based approach

This article presents a geometric algebra-based model for topological relation computation. This computational model is composed of three major components: the Grassmann structure preserving hierarchical multivector-tree representation (MVTree), multidimensional unified operators for intersection relation computation, and the judgement rules for assembling the intersections into topological relations. With this model, the intersection relations between the different dimensional objects (nodes at different levels) are computed using the Tree Meet operator. The meet operation between two arbitrary objects is accomplished by transforming the computation into the meet product between each pair of MVTree nodes, which produces a series of intersection relations in the form of MVTree. This intersection tree is then processed through a set of judgement rules to determine the topological relations between two objects in the hierarchy. Case studies of topological relations between two triangles in 3D space are employed to illustrate the model. The results show that with the new model, the topological relations can be computed in a simple way without referring to dimension. This dimensionless way of computing topological relations from geographic data is significant given the increased dimensionality of geographic information in the digital era.     

基于三维荧光光谱-平行因子技术联用的浮游藻化学分类学技术研究

An in vivo three-dimensional fluorescence method for the determination of algae community structure was developed by parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC) and CHEMTAX. The PARAFAC model was applied to fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) of 60 algae species belonging to five divisions and 11 fluorescent components were identified according to the residual sum of squares and specificity of the composition profiles of fluorescent. By the 11 fluorescent components, the algae species at different growth stages were classified correctly at the division level using Bayesian discriminant analysis(BDA). Then the reference fluorescent component ratio matrix was constructed for CHEMTAX, and the EEM–PARAFAC–CHEMTAX method was developed to differentiate algae taxonomic groups. The correct discrimination ratios(CDRs) when the fluorometric method was used for single-species samples were 100% at the division level, except for Bacillariophyta with a CDR of 95.6%. The CDRs for the mixtures were above 94.0% for the dominant algae species and above 87.0% for the subdominant algae species. However, the CDRs of the subdominant algae species were too low to be unreliable when the relative abundance estimated was less than 15.0%. The fluorometric method was tested using the samples from the Jiaozhou Bay and the mesocosm experiments in the Xiaomai Island Bay in August 2007. The discrimination results of the dominant algae groups agreed with microscopy cell counts, as well as the subdominant algae groups of which the estimated relative abundance was above 15.0%. This technique would be of great aid when low-cost and rapid analysis is needed for samples in a large batch. The fluorometric technique has the ability to correctly identify dominant species with proper abundance both in vivo and in situ.     

天宫一号高光谱数据辐射校正的CUDA并行优化

高光谱图像经过辐射校正后,消除了探测元的响应差异,能更好地满足专题信息提取的数据要求.利用探测元的列均值、列标准差等统计信息对天宫一号高光谱短波红外数据进行辐射校正检验,并基于GPU CUDA计算模型对均值归一化、矩匹配、相邻列均衡等3种相对辐射校正算法进行了并行计算优化.通过辐射校正计算流程拆分,CPU控制流程逻辑,GPU执行数据级并行计算,并建立CUDA的计算单元与数据单元的映射关系,获得5—7倍的计算加速比,这些辐射校正算法依据图像自身统计信息,且易于进行并行计算优化,满足实时校正的处理时效要求,为未来高光谱数据在轨实时辐射校正提供了新思路.     

时空遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio的研究与应用

随着遥感大数据时代的到来,为快速处理和分析海量遥感数据,国内外涌现了众多遥感云计算平台,使得全球尺度、长时间序列遥感数据的快速分析和应用成为可能。本文在分析国内外遥感云计算平台现状的基础上,针对大数据时代国内缺少功能完备的遥感云计算平台,且国外遥感云计算平台对国产卫星数据支持不足等问题,基于容器云技术,构建了包含国产卫星数据且集数据、算力和技术于一体的时空遥感云计算平台PIE（Pixel Information Expert）-Engine Studio,实现了脚本驱动的遥感数据的按需获取以及海量数据的快速处理。采用Landsat 8数据,以生长季植被指数NDVI（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）的计算为例,对比了本平台与GEE（Google Earth Engine）的数据处理能力。结果表明,由于计算资源的限制,本平台的计算和导出时间均比GEE稍长,但计算结果的空间分布一致,其中近68%的值均分布在（0.48,0.77）,且二者差值的95.33%集中在（-0.13,0.13）,结果较为可信。因此,本文构建的基于共享、开放的中国自主遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio,可为地球科学领域的研究提供数据和算力支持,将有助于推进中国遥感云计算平台的发展进程,推动国产卫星数据在云计算平台上的应用。     

沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率与孔隙连通性之间的关系

根据对渤海湾盆地沾化凹陷泥质岩、粉砂岩、砂岩和白云岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率差异及孔隙连通性差异特征的研究,探讨了沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率与孔隙连通性之间的关系。热导率实验结果表明:沾化凹陷泥质岩、粉砂岩和砂岩的平行层面方向热导率大于垂直层面方向热导率;白云岩的平行层面方向热导率小于垂直层面方向热导率。沉积岩平行层面与垂直层面方向热导率差异和孔隙连通性差异之间具有正相关性。孔隙特征分析结果表明:孔隙连通性较好方向,热导率也较高;孔隙连通性较差的的方向,热导率也较低。     

Structural analysis of the Lombard thrust sheet and adjacent areas in the Helena salient,southwest Montana,USA

The Helena salient is a prominent craton–convex curve in the Cordillera thrust belt of Montana, USA. The Lombard thrust sheet is the primary sheet in the salient. Structural analysis of fold trends, cleavage attitudes, and movement on minor faults is used to better understand both the geometry of the Lombard thrust and the kinematic development of the salient.Early W–E to WNW–ENE shortening directions in the Lombard sheet are indicated by fold trends in the center of the thrust sheet. The same narrow range of shortening directions is inferred from kinematic analysis of movement on minor faults and the orientations of unrotated cleavage planes along the southern lateral ramp boundary of the salient. As the salient developed, the amount and direction of shortening were locally modified as listric detachment faults rotated some tight folds to the NW, and as right-lateral simple shear, caused by lock-up and folding of the Jefferson Canyon fault above the lateral ramp, rotated other folds northeastward. Where the lateral ramp and frontal-oblique ramp intersect, folds were rotated back to the NW. Our interpretation of dominant W–E to WNW–ESE shortening in the Lombard sheet, later altered by local rotations, supports a model of salient formation by primary parallel transport modified by interactions with a lateral ramp.