一种纸质航海图水深注记表示的新方法

针对由多波束测深手段和由单波束测深及其他传统测深手段获得的水深数据长期并存这一实际,在分析现行的纸质航海图水深注记表示方法存在不足的基础上,提出一种基于字符颜色扩展的海图水深注记表示新方法,即以绿色水深注记表示由多波束测深手段获得的水深数据,黑色水深注记表示由单波束测深及其他传统测深手段获得的水深数据。初步分析表明,这是一种简单、易行的方法,可在纸质航海图上有效实现对两类不同来源、具有显著质量差别的水深数据的表示,能更好地满足航海人员通过纸质航海图上的水深注记直观、准确地认知、重建和利用海底地形信息的需要。     

Automatic recognition of freight car number

This paper discusses methods for character extraction on the basis of statistical and structural features of gray-level images, and proposes a dynamic local contrast threshold method accommodating to line width. Precise locating of character string is realized by exploiting horizontal projection and character arragements of binary images in horizontal and vertical directions respectively. Also discussed is the method for segmentation of characters in binary images, which is based on projection taking stroke width and character sizes into account. A new method for character identification is explored, which is based on compound neural networks. A complex neural network consists of two sub-nets, the first sub-net performs self-association of patterns via 2-dimentional local-connected 3-order networks, the second sub-net, linking with a locally connected BP networks, performs classification. The reliability of the network recognition is reinforced by introducing conditions for identification denial. Experiments confirm that the proposed methods possess the advantages of impressive robustness, rapid processing and high accuracy of identification.     

福建永泰湖头土壤地球化学特征及找矿远景分析

永泰湖头矿区位于华南褶皱系东部,闽东火山断坳带中段。区内多金属矿贮存于南园组硅质岩、沉凝灰岩夹层及北北西向陡倾角断裂带中,土壤地球化学特征显示,区内Au、Ag、Pb、Zn的异常值高,连续性好;异常规模较大,浓集中心较为明显,分析研究认为该区成矿条件较为有利,具有寻找金、铅锌多金属矿的潜力。     

我国中新生代陆相盆地含铀沉积建造类型、特征及其研究意义

将我国中新生代陆相盆地含铀沉积建造类型划分为陆相暗色（灰色）含煤碎屑沉积建造、陆相红色（杂色）碎屑沉积建造及陆相红色含膏盐沉积建造3类,并概述其沉积特征。探讨了沉积建造研究在砂岩型铀矿科研及生产找矿方面的意义。     

Petrography and geochemistry of the Lopingian (upper Permian)-Lower Triassic strata in the southern Junggar and Turpan basins,NW China: implications for weathering,provenance, and palaeogeography

ABSTRACT

This study investigates three Lopingian (upper Permian)-Lower Triassic terrestrial successions in northwest China, namely the Urumqi and Jimsar sections in the southern Junggar Basin (SJB), and the Taodonggou section in the Turpan Basin (TB). Stratigraphy studies suggest that, in all three sections, the Lopingian-Lower Triassic strata are represented by mixed fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The lithofacies and geochemical indicators (CIA, PIA) suggest that, in all three sections, the Wutonggou Formation (Wuchiapingian) was deposited under subhumid conditions. The Guodikeng Formation (Changhsingian-early Induan) represents subhumid to semiarid conditions. The Jiucaiyuan and Shaofanggou formations (mid-to-late Induan to Olenekian) in the SJB show highly variable subhumid-semiarid conditions, while the two formations in the TB display early episode of fluctuating subhumid-semiarid and later semiarid-arid conditions. Within each section, all four formations display similar petrographic and geochemical characteristics, suggesting consistency in provenance during deposition. However, the provenance characteristics of the Urumqi and Jimsar sections differ from those of the Taodonggou section. Relative to the Taogonggou section, the two sections in the SJB contain more felsic and recycled sedimentary components. This suggests that the greater Junggar-Turpan Basin was in a partitioned setting during the Lopingian-Early Triassic, when different subbasins have relatively independent provenance systems.     

浙西北杜家东坞斑岩型钼矿床特征及找矿前景分析

[摘 要] 杜家东坞钼矿床位于钦杭成矿带北东端绍兴夏履桥-萧山浦阳火山构造洼地,成矿与青 化山破火山口-龙角尖火山通道构造活动关系密切;钼矿化呈细脉浸染状赋存于火山通道周围的火山 (角砾)岩裂隙及断裂中,成矿与钾化、硅化、黄铁矿化、磁铁矿化蚀变关系密切;矿床成因类型为斑岩型 钼矿床。综合分析矿区成矿地质背景、矿化蚀变特征、地球物理特征及地球化学特征,认为在火山通道 环形张性断裂与北西向断裂裂隙带、低阻带及中低阻过渡高极化带、磁异常零值区、负值区或正负值交 界处等区域有望找到富矿体,龙角尖火山通道的深部有望找到小斑岩体,这说明在浙西北火山岩区具有 寻找斑岩型矿床的良好前景。     

准噶尔盆地陆梁隆起构造特征与油气成藏

陆梁隆起属于间断继承性古隆起,一直是油气的有利指向区,晚海西期石炭世-早二叠世构造演化基本确立了陆梁隆起的构造格局; 油气多沿继承发育的古凸起、古鼻梁进行油气运聚分配。陆梁隆起存在深浅两套断裂体系,形成深浅两套含油气组合; 深层下组合成藏遵循"源控论",油气多为近源成藏,沿梁富集,受不整合与岩相控制; 中浅层侏罗系与白垩系均为次生油气藏,多沿梁、沿油源断裂聚集,受构造与油源断裂控制。燕山期的构造运动对油气成藏起改造与再分配作用; 喜马拉雅山期构造运动对高成熟的油气起到一定的控制作用; 区域性不整合与火山岩岩体是否发育,是基岩型油气藏形成必备条件; 储层质量影响着油气丰度,控制着油气藏的分布规模与产能高低。今后勘探方向:下组合为夏盐凸起西北环带、石西凸起和滴北凸起; 中组合为石西-莫北凸起结合部、三个泉凸起、英西凹陷、滴南凸起断裂带前缘和滴北凸起断裂带前缘。     

震后映卧路沿线泥石流发育分布特征及防治措施

震后映卧路沿线泥石流发育分布呈面积广、发生频率高等特点。调查结果公路沿线主要发育泥石流两类57条,其中沟谷型泥石流28处,坡面型泥石流29处,沟谷型泥石流以大型—特大型为主,坡面型泥石流以小型为主;针对该区泥石流的发育特征,提出了生物防治和工程治理相结合的防治措施,对映卧路的防灾减灾工程有积极的意义。     

黔东北地区钒矿成矿地质特征及成矿预测

黔东北地区沉积型钒矿与寒武系下统九门冲组(1jm)黑色岩系密切相关。本文通过对该区钒矿产出的区域地质背景、含矿岩系、赋矿岩石地化特征,岩相古地理环境、矿床时空分布和矿体产出特征等进行综合分析,表明该区具有很好的成矿地质条件。根据本区找矿实践和成矿相关理论、控矿因素等综合研究,圈定了松桃石梁—孟溪、松桃盘石—江口桃映—坝黄、印江永义、铜仁漾头—万山黄道、石阡坪山—聚凤5个成矿有利远景区,为指导今后在该区开展钒矿找矿工作,取得更大的找矿突破提供参考。     

东营凹陷不同超压成因的有效应力特征

利用实测流体压力(DST)测试结果,结合声波和密度测井资料,对超压段所识别的不均衡压实作用和生烃作用两种超压成因机制下的实测压力和有效应力随深度的变化特征进行了分析,结果表明:①两种不同成因机制下的实测压力和有效应力特征具有明显的差异性,不均衡压实作用在压实过程中导致流体排出受阻,地层流体承担上覆岩层压力形成超压,表现为阻止了地层有效应力增大,因此其实测压力增大段和静岩压力增大趋势大体一致,而有效应力随深度基本保持不变;生油作用在地层正常压实之后形成超压,发育程度不受上覆岩层压力的影响,因此超压的增大在深度上与上覆岩层压力增大不具有一致性,且超压对有效应力的影响要小于不均衡压实作用;②这两种不同的超压成因使得有效应力的变化随着声波速度而出现加载和卸载两种趋势,从而可以用来判断超压成因,利用实测资料计算的有效应力结果说明东营凹陷超压成因机制包括不均衡压实作用和生油作用,但不均衡压实作用形成超压的范围和规模较小,生油作用对深部大规模超压和强超压的形成至关重要.