基于热力学定律的土体动力Hardin-Drnevich模型再认识

从Masing二倍法构造的Hardin—Drnevich模型的卸荷再加荷滞回曲线出发,以热力学定律为基础,考虑了塑性中心的移动为直线和骨架曲线两种情况下的耗散函数表达形式,应用Ziegler正交条件,通过对耗散函数求一阶偏导,得到耗散应力空间中的屈服函数表达式,并引入耗散应力和真实应力之间的差别项即转移应力,从而得到真实应力空间中的屈服函数。屈服曲线的绘制表明了对于塑性中心的不同转移规律,屈服曲线遵循同样的变化规律：应变在某一范围内,剪切形的屈服曲线是直线形式;当应变超过某一阈值时,剪切形的屈服曲线呈现弯曲。此外,还给出了应变的阈值。     

Calculation of significant wave height using the linear mean square estimation method

Significant wave height is an important criterion in designing coastal and offshore structures. Based on the orthogonality principle, the linear mean square estimation method is applied to calculate significant wave height in this paper. Twenty-eight-year time series of wave data collected from three ocean buoys near San Francisco along the California coast are analyzed. It is proved theoretically that the computation error will be reduced by using as many measured data as possible for the calculation of significant wave height. Measured significant wave height at one buoy location is compared with the calculated value based on the data from two other adjacent buoys. The results indicate that the linear mean square estimation method can be well applied to the calculation and prediction of significant wave height in coastal regions.     

构造应力场中的软岩客运专线双线隧道稳定性研究

以铁道部250 km/h客运专线标准断面双线隧道为对象,依托木寨岭高地应力软岩隧道工程,研究构造应力场条件下隧道变形特性、能量积聚、力学响应及塑性区规律。水平大主应力平行隧道轴线时,高能集中区和塑性区主要集中于边墙,掌子面前方围岩能量密度较小,掌子面挤出变形较大;水平大主应力垂直轴线时,高能集中区和塑性区主要分布在拱顶、仰拱及掌子面,掌子面前方围岩能量密度较大,挤压变形较小。研究表明：掌子面前方待开挖核心土体表现能量-位移正交性,而目前采用简单的挤出变形来判别掌子面稳定性,其合理性值得进一步商榷;规范给出“最大水平主应力与隧道轴线平行或小角度相交设计原则”,并不是对所有高地应力场都适用;锚杆在开挖初期有效促进临时“承载拱”的形成,使“压力拱”偏移至隧道轮廓附近,成为施工初期稳定的关键;锚杆降低边墙深部岩体切向应力峰值,随着掌子面推进,拱效应不断向深部岩体移动,形成动态压力拱。     

基于K均值聚类EEMD的CORS高程时间序列信号分析方法

针对传统EEMD进行信号分解时信噪比低和部分模态混叠的问题,提出基于K均值聚类的CORS高程时间序列改进分析方法。通过添加正负白噪声的EEMD提高信号分解信噪比,基于K均值聚类方法对EEMD迭代过程中分解的各个IMF分量进行聚类分析。实验结果表明,该方法提高信噪比3%以上,基于正交指数的分解精度提高26%以上,聚类结果能够解决IMF中近似的0.5 a、1 a、2 a周期信号的模态混叠问题。     

一种数值积分方案用于球函数分析的试验

针对半球月平均位势高度场球函数分析的实际问题,分析比较了吴新元提出的数值积分公式与常用的梯形积分公式、辛卜生积分公式在标准化缔合勒让德函数^↑Pm^m＋2k模、交角计算中的误差。结果表明：对m=0,1,吴新元数值积分公式的^↑Pm^m＋2k模、交角计算精度明显高于常用的两种积分公式;对m≥2,吴新元数值积分公式的精度虽低于梯形积分公式,但其模、交角误差低于10^-4、2×10^-3°。由于半球月平均位势高度场球函数方差谱具有低维、低阶的基本特征,故用吴新元数值积分公式替代常用积分公式可明显提高月平均位势高度场球函数分析精度。     

全埋入单桩基础横向振动模态正交性研究

采用Timoshenko梁模型作为挠曲波在全埋入单桩基础中的传播模型,根据频域中全埋入单桩基础横向振动时的运动微分方程,结合各节点的力平衡、位移协调方程及局部对偶坐标系中内力及位移的对偶变换关系,严格推导全埋入单桩基础横向振动的模态正交性条件。以回传射线矩阵法为基础,求解全埋入单桩基础横向振动的自振频率、衰减系数及不同自振频率所对应的模态,并通过具体算例验证全埋入单桩基础横向振动模态的正交性条件公式推导的正确性。     

Hydroelastic response of a circular plate in waves on a two-layer fluid of finite depth

The hydroelastic response of a circular, very large floating structure （VLFS）, idealized as a floating circular elastic thin plate, is investigated for the case of time-harmonic incident waves of the surface and interfacial wave modes, of a given wave frequency, on a two-layer fluid of finite and constant depth. In linear potential-flow theory, with the aid of angular eigenfunction expansions, the diffraction potentials can be expressed by the Bessel functions. A system of simultaneous equations is derived by matching the velocity and the pressure between the open-water and the plate-covered regions, while incorporating the edge conditions of the plate. Then the complex nested series are simplified by utilizing the orthogonality of the vertical eigenfunctions in the open-water region. Numerical computations are presentedto investigate the effects of different physical quantities, such as the thickness of the plate, Young＇s modulus, the ratios ofthe densities and of the layer depths, on the dispersion relations of the flexural-gravity waves for the two-layer fluid.Rapid convergence of the method is observed, but is slower at higher wave frequency. At high frequency, it is found that there is some energy transferred from the interfacial mode to the surface mode.     

On the Equivalence of the Cokriging and Kriging Systems

Simple cokriging of components of a p-dimensional second-order stationary random process is considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions under which simple cokriging is equivalent to simple kriging are given. Essentially this condition requires that it should be possible to express the cross-covariance at any lag series h using the cross-covariance at |h|=0 and the auto-covariance at lag series h. The mosaic model, multicolocated kriging and the linear model of coregionalization are examined in this context. A data analytic method to examine whether simple kriging of components of a multivariate random process is equivalent to its cokriging is given     

估计海表温度的1种简便方法

依据随机过程线性均方估计的正交原理,可由水文站获得的海洋要素估计工程点的海洋要素。利用1984~2003年的卫星海表温度(SST)数据将该方法用于估计海表温度,并对该方法产生的误差进行了分析,结果表明该方法比传统方法更能有效地减小误差;其意义在于可在陆地台站和工程点进行一段时间的同步观测,找出两者之间的相关系数,之后便可长期由台站气温估计工程点的海表温度。     

露天煤矿边坡稳定性影响因素的敏感性正交分析

对白音华三号露天煤矿复合边坡稳定性进行评价。借助理正软件,采用极限平衡法计算的稳定系数为评价指标,通过多因素敏感性分析认为,地震作用、粘聚力、内摩擦角、地下水位和重度等因素对该边坡稳定参数的敏感性依次变小。这一研究结论与工程实际基本相符。