Gravity anomalies and deep structure of the Ninetyeast Ridge north of the equator,eastern Indian Ocean — a hot spot trace model

The Ninetyeast Ridge north of the equator in the eastern Indian Ocean is actively deforming as evidenced by seismicity and its eastward subduction below the Andaman Trench. Basement of the ridge is elevated nearly 2 km with respect to the Bengal Fan; seismic surveys demonstrate continuity of the ridge beneath sediment for 700 km north of 10° N where the ridge plunges below the Fan sediment. The ridge is characterised by a free-air gravity high of 50 mgal amplitude and 350 km wavelength, and along-strike continuity of 1500 km in a north-south direction, closely fringing (locally, even abutting) the Andaman arc-trench bipolar gravity field. Regression analysis between gravity and bathymetry indicates that the ridge gravity field cannot be explained solely by its elevation. The ridge gravity field becomes gradually subdued northwards where overlying Bengal Fan sediments have a smaller density contrast with the ridge material. Our gravity interpretation, partly constrained by seismic data, infers that the ridge overlies significant crustal mass anomalies consistent with the hot spot model for the ridge. The anomalous mass is less dense by about 0.27 g cm^–3 than the surrounding oceanic upper mantle, and acts as a cushion for isostatic compensation of the ridge at the base of the crust. This cushion is up to 8 km thick and 400–600 km wide. Additional complexities are created by partial subduction of the ridge below the Andaman Trench that locally modifies the arc-trench gravity field.     

渤,黄海冬季强冷空气智能预报决策系统

冬季强冷空气造成的大风对海上船只影响较大，所以对于强冷空气影响的时间和强度的预报至为重要。本文借鉴了决策支持系统的研制方法，建立了渤、黄海冬季强冷空气智能预报决策系统。该系统拥有数据库及其管理系统、模型库及其管理系统、知识库和内部通讯系统；该系统采用了定量预报加定性分析的方法，把数学模型与预报员的经验有机地结合到一起。     

青岛奥运海域污染物浓度预测及污染控制对策研究

在已建二维潮流数值模型的基础上,利用物质输运方程模拟了奥运海域主要污染物的浓度分布。结果表明,奥运海域水质整体良好,但是无机氮对奥运水质的影响比COD、活性磷酸盐大,是奥运海域的隐患。为了保持奥运海域良好的水质,本文给出了一系列的污染控制对策,为环境管理者提供了一定的科学依据和建议。     

试论我国海岸侵蚀信息系统的建立

本文通过对我国海岸侵蚀特点的分析,阐述了建立海岸侵蚀信息系统的必要性和基本方法,并给出了相应的结论。     

玉米栽培研究中的数据库管理系统应用程序

本系统是为玉米高产、稳产栽培试验研究而编制的。作者着重介绍数据库管理系统与应用程序包之间交互作用,数据库的条件检索方法以及整个系统的结构和功能。研究过程中证实,使用本系统大大提高了工作效率。     

含羟基西佛碱型大环冠醚铜(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与表征

利用模板法合成 1种新的含醇羟基西佛碱型大环冠醚 L (7,11-二氮杂 - 3,15 -二氧杂 - 4 ,5 ;8,10 ;13,14-三苯并环十六 - 6 ,11-二烯 - 1-醇 )的铜、锌配合物。经元素分析 ,IR、MS分析确定配合物的组成 M(L2 ) (NO3 ) 2 及其配位情况 ,由模板反应得到 [1+ 1]型西佛碱大环化合物。 DMF溶液中的电导数据证实它们均属非电离型 ,并运用 TG- DTA分析比较铜、锌配合物的热稳定性。     

数据质量控制原理及其程序设计

对地震数据记录类型及结构进行了全面的分析,提出了地震数据库录入数 据质量控制的原理,检验方式及程序设计方法,根据其原理研制的质量控制检 验程序,已应用于山西地震综合数据处理系统的建库工作中,使数据库数据质 量指标达到国家地震局《区域综合地震数据库技术规范》的要求。     

Intelligent control for modeling of real‐time reservoir operation,part II: artificial neural network with operating rule curves

To bridge the gap between academic research and actual operation, we propose an intelligent control system for reservoir operation. The methodology includes two major processes, the knowledge acquired and implemented, and the inference system. In this study, a genetic algorithm (GA) and a fuzzy rule base (FRB) are used to extract knowledge based on the historical inflow data with a design objective function and on the operating rule curves respectively. The adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is then used to implement the knowledge, to create the fuzzy inference system, and then to estimate the optimal reservoir operation. To investigate its applicability and practicability, the Shihmen reservoir, Taiwan, is used as a case study. For the purpose of comparison, a simulation of the currently used M‐5 operating rule curve is also performed. The results demonstrate that (1) the GA is an efficient way to search the optimal input–output patterns, (2) the FRB can extract the knowledge from the operating rule curves, and (3) the ANFIS models built on different types of knowledge can produce much better performance than the traditional M‐5 curves in real‐time reservoir operation. Moreover, we show that the model can be more intelligent for reservoir operation if more information (or knowledge) is involved. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A solution to estimate the total and effective stresses in backfilled stopes with an impervious base during the filling operation of cohesionless backfill

Mining backfill is commonly used in underground mines. A critical concern of this practice is to evaluate the pressures and total stresses in backfilled stopes to ensure a safe and economic design of barricades, constructed to retain the backfill. When a slurried backfill is placed in a mine stope, excess pore water pressure (PWP) can instantaneously generate and progressively dissipate. The dissipation of the excess PWP and consolidation lead to the development of effective stresses, which in turn lead to an arching effect in the backfilled stope. Until now, arching effect has been largely considered for stress estimation in dry or submerged backfill. The former corresponds to the final state at the end process of the drainage and consolidation of the backfill with a pervious while the latter with an impervious barricade. However, previous studies have shown that the most critical moment for the stability of barricades is during the stope filling. Therefore, the design of barricades requires a proper estimation of the pressure and total stresses during the filling operation. This in turn needs joint consideration of the arching effect and consolidation of the backfill. In this paper, a new solution is developed to evaluate the pressures and stresses in backfilled stopes during the filling operation of cohesionless backfill by considering the self-weight consolidation and arching effect. The proposed solution is validated by numerical modeling with Plaxis2D. It can thus be used to evaluate the pressures and stresses in backfilled stopes during the stope filling with an impervious barricade.     

改进的岩质凸块的超载储备极限平衡法

脱离模式是块体理论提出的有限可动块体的失稳模式之一。虽然直接塌落是地下工程中最常见的失稳现象,但是目前依然缺少适用的定量分析方法,这使得地下工程的开挖和加固设计缺乏必要的理论支撑。为此,提出了一种改进的考虑渐进破坏的岩块稳定分析方法。主要改进了3处：(1)引入超载基数和超载方向两个参数来量化描述储备荷载;(2)提出了Tan和Scal两种超载基数设定方式;(3)超载方向设定在节理锥的边界扇面上。算例验证结果表明,改进方法完全兼容现有双面滑模式的安全系数算法,实现了脱离模式的定量稳定性分析。最后,讨论了改进方法的刚度参数取值方法及其敏感性。