台湾海峡牙鲆养殖技术研究

报道了台湾海峡牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)的养殖技术。经过在室内水泥池189d的饲养,共获得平均全长32.20cm,平均体质量402.10g规格的牙鲆11.5万尾,养殖成活率达96%。养殖结果表明,台湾海峡牙鲆的生长速度快于黄、渤海牙鲆;水温与牙鲆的生长关系密切,台湾海峡牙鲆适宜的温度范围为18～27℃左右;饲料中添加适量中草药对提高牙鲆的成活率有较明显作用。     

FURTHER OBSERVATION OF THE SPERMATOZOA OF LEFT-EYE FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS BY ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY

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牙鲆血清中免疫球蛋白M的分离及其测定

通过提取健康养殖牙鲆(Paraliehthys olivaceus)血清中的免疫球蛋白(Ig),并测定其相对分子质量,其中重链(H链)的相对分子质量为74．2ku,轻链(L链)的相对分子质量为23．8ku。用纯化的牙鲆血清中的Ig作抗原,制备多克隆抗体,确立牙鲆血清中免疫球蛋白的最佳测定方法。     

一种纤毛虫的分类及形态研究 ——寄生于牙鲆体表溃烂组织中的指状拟舟虫

报道从牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）体表溃烂组织分离的一种纤毛虫，通过活体观察、扫描电镜、蛋白银染色法、银浸法，对其形态学及纤毛图式做了研究。经鉴定，该纤毛虫为指状拟舟虫（Paralembus digitiformis Kahl，1933），隶属于寡膜纲、盾纤目、嗜污科、拟舟虫属。这是指状拟舟虫在牙鲆上兼性寄生的首次报道。     

Screening of eye-position related genes with DD-RT-PCR and RDA in the hybrids between Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus

Flatfish or flounder moves one eye to change body proportion into vertebral asymmetry during metamorphosis, during which some become sinistral while others dextral. However, the mechanism behinds the eye-position has not been well understood. In this research, hybrids between Japanese flounder(♀) and stone flounder (♂) show mixed eye-location in both dextral type and sinistral type, and thus become good samples for studying the eye-migration. mRNAs from pro-metamorphosis sinistral and dextral hybrids larvae...     

台湾海峡野生牙鲆人工繁殖和育苗技术研究

2003年12月至2004年5月对台湾海峡的野生牙鲆进行了亲鱼的驯养、促熟产卵及人工育苗技术研究.结果表明,活的鲻鱼苗可用于牙鲆亲鱼的诱食;当水温达到16.2~19.5℃时,牙鲆可自然产卵,产卵盛期为3月中旬至4月上旬.4月份受精率高达86%.在驯养过程中亲鱼未发生死亡.本实验共用受精卵约153万粒,孵出仔鱼140.8万尾,孵化率达92%.经63d培育,育出全长3.8~5.5cm幼鱼53.4万尾,成活率37.9%.育苗水温为20~24℃,海水盐度为26~31.     

Genetic analysis of meio-and mito-gynogenetic stocks of Paralichthys olivaceus with microsatellite markers

Twenty microsatellite markers （ Pol, Po13, Po33, Po35, Po42, Po48, Po56, Po89, Po91, kop6, kop7, kop8, kop12, kop15, kop18, kop21, kop22, kop23, kop26, Po-str1 ） were used to assess the meiogynogenetic and mitogynogenetic stocks of the lefteyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, which were derived from single pair crossing. Twelve of the 20 loci utilized showed heterozygosity in the female and were mapped in relation to their centromeres in the meiogynogenetic diploid flounder. Microsatellitecentromere map distance, calculated under the assumption of complete interference, ranged from 15. 8 cM for kop22 to 50 cM for Po13, Po56 and Po89. Excluding the kop22, the heterozygosities of the rest of the loci were close to 100% , suggesting the occurrence of near complete interference on the chromosome arms that carried these loci. In the mitogynogenetic diploid flounder, each individual showed exact homozygousity and the segregation profiles did not deviate from the Mendelian 1：1 pattern. The results indicated that there was no lethal gene linked with the loci analyzed. Such high interference accounted for the high recombination rates and large map distances. The Po13 and Po56 loci, Po91 and kopl8 loci, kopl5 and kop21 loci are tightly linked on the same chromosome arm in pairs.     

饲料中大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙对牙鲆肝脏和肠道蛋白质消化酶活性和基因表达的影响

以鱼粉为蛋白源,小麦粉为糖源,鱼油为脂肪源配制基础饲料,分别添加不同浓度梯度(0.1%、0.4%和0.8%)的大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙。以不添加大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙的基础饲料作为对照组,共制成7种等氮(粗蛋白49.1%)、等能(总能20.1kJ/g)的实验饲料。在循环水系统中养殖初始体质量为(2.58±0.01)g的牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼,8周后观测牙鲆肝脏和肠道蛋白质消化酶活性和基因表达的影响。结果表明,牙鲆肠道胰蛋白酶的活性不受饲料中大豆异黄酮的显著影响(P>0.05),却随大豆皂甙添加量的升高而显著下降(P<0.05)。肠道糜蛋白酶的活性在饲料中大豆异黄酮添加量为0.1%时取得最大值(37.3±5.9)U/mg,显著高于其它处理组。饲料中添加不同水平的大豆异黄酮对肝脏中胰蛋白酶-1和糜蛋白酶-1基因表达量有显著(P<0.05)的影响,而添加大豆皂甙却对这些基因表达量的影响不显著。由此可见,大豆异黄酮直接作用于基因表达和酶活两个水平,而大豆皂甙只在酶活水平发挥显著的作用。同时,大豆异黄酮对牙鲆饲料利用率影响的双重性依赖于剂量的大小,其中的作用机制有待于进一步研究。