地下管线源数据处理方法的研究

为了保障顺利建设上海市地下管线数据库．需要对现存的地下管线的源数据进行一些技术处理，以满足数据入库的要求。本文主要个绍：笔者在从事地下管线源数据处理工作中，碰到的现存的上海市地下管线源数据对于建设上海市地下管线数据库所存在的一些问题：以及笔者利用Autodesk公司的AutoCAD二次开发工具开发的应用程序来处理这些问题的方法。     

大地测量数据接口技术与接口标准

建立了由接口文件、接口文件处理器和共享信息模型组成的大地测量数据接口体系结构，划分了大地测量数据服务的3类不同接口类型。在建立了面向对象的接口数据模型的基础上，讨论了面向传统用户的控制点数字化成果格式、面向生产过程的大地控制网统一数据结构和面向GIS的大地测量数据交换格式。     

黑龙江省湿地资源遥感信息解译分析

按黑龙江省湿地分类标准，应用资源卫星遥感技术，建立湿地资源解译标准，判别分析全省湿地资源现状与区域分布。     

Assimilating data into open ocean tidal models

The problem of deriving tidal fields from observations by reason of incompleteness and imperfectness of every data set practically available has an infinitely large number of allowable solutions fitting the data within measurement errors and hence can be treated as ill-posed. Therefore, interpolating the data always relies on some a priori assumptions concerning the tides, which provide a rule of sampling or, in other words, a regularization of the ill-posed problem. Data assimilation procedures used in large scale tide modeling are viewed in a common mathematical framework as such regularizations. It is shown that they all (basis functions expansion, parameter estimation, nudging, objective analysis, general inversion, and extended general inversion), including those (objective analysis and general inversion) originally formulated in stochastic terms, may be considered as utilizations of one of the three general methods suggested by the theory of ill-posed problems. The problem of grid refinement critical for inverse methods and nudging is discussed.     

物理实验中的不确定度评定

阐述了不确定度的定义、来源、分类及用不确定度评定测量结果的一些表示方法。分析了误差和不确定度的区别。最终给出了测量不确定度的评定。     

用于新生代定年的Ar-Ar法标准样品候选样品初测结果

Ar Ar法定年的特点是必须要有一套年龄从小到大的标准样。迄今用于新生代定年的国内标准样极少。为满足新生代矿物Ar Ar法定年的需要,初选了一个标准样候选者BT 1透长石。样品总重366g,粒级6080目,纯度100%,缩分为100瓶,每瓶3 66g。Ar Ar阶段加热法初测结果为:全部12个阶段给出的总气体年龄为30 8±0 9Ma,412阶段视年龄十分接近,年龄谱平坦,对应的39Ar析出量达96%,坪年龄为29 6±0 4Ma,等时年龄为29 6±0 6Ma,MSWD=1 01。40Ar/36Ar初始值为293 6±3 9,与尼尔值295 5相当。重复测定结果为:全部气体年龄为31 0±0 9Ma(全部9个阶段),坪年龄为29 5±0 4Ma,等时年龄为29 4±0 6Ma,MSWD=1 94,40Ar/36Ar初始值为282 2±6 3。这些结果表明,BT 1透长石不含过剩氩,作为新生代定年的Ar Ar法标准样品候选者是较为理想的。     

Precise/ Small Sample Size Determinations of Lithium Isotopic Compositions of Geological Reference Materials and Modern Seawater by MC-ICP-MS

The Li isotope ratios of four international rock reference materials, USGS BHVO-2, GSJ JB-2, JG-2, JA-1 and modern seawater (Mediterranean, Pacific and North Atlantic) were determined using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). These reference materials of natural samples were chosen to span a considerable range in Li isotope ratios and cover several different matrices in order to provide a useful benchmark for future studies. Our new analytical technique achieves significantly higher precision and reproducibility (< ± O.3%o 2s) than previous methods, with the additional advantage of requiring very low sample masses of ca . 2 ng of Li.     

Gravity anomalies and associated tectonic features over the Indian Peninsular Shield and adjoining ocean basins

A combined gravity map over the Indian Peninsular Shield (IPS) and adjoining oceans brings out well the inter-relationships between the older tectonic features of the continent and the adjoining younger oceanic features. The NW–SE, NE–SW and N–S Precambrian trends of the IPS are reflected in the structural trends of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal suggesting their probable reactivation. The Simple Bouguer anomaly map shows consistent increase in gravity value from the continent to the deep ocean basins, which is attributed to isostatic compensation due to variations in the crustal thickness. A crustal density model computed along a profile across this region suggests a thick crust of 35–40 km under the continent, which reduces to 22/20–24 km under the Bay of Bengal with thick sediments of 8–10 km underlain by crustal layers of density 2720 and 2900/2840 kg/m³. Large crustal thickness and trends of the gravity anomalies may suggest a transitional crust in the Bay of Bengal up to 150–200 km from the east coast. The crustal thickness under the Laxmi ridge and east of it in the Arabian Sea is 20 and 14 km, respectively, with 5–6 km thick Tertiary and Mesozoic sediments separated by a thin layer of Deccan Trap. Crustal layers of densities 2750 and 2950 kg/m³ underlie sediments. The crustal density model in this part of the Arabian Sea (east of Laxmi ridge) and the structural trends similar to the Indian Peninsular Shield suggest a continent–ocean transitional crust (COTC). The COTC may represent down dropped and submerged parts of the Indian crust evolved at the time of break-up along the west coast of India and passage of Reunion hotspot over India during late Cretaceous. The crustal model under this part also shows an underplated lower crust and a low density upper mantle, extending over the continent across the west coast of India, which appears to be related to the Deccan volcanism. The crustal thickness under the western Arabian Sea (west of the Laxmi ridge) reduces to 8–9 km with crustal layers of densities 2650 and 2870 kg/m³ representing an oceanic crust.     

Methods for Setting up a Three-Dimensional Industrial Surveying System of “Building Blocks Type”

1　Methodsfororientatinginitialdirec tioninindustrialsurveyDifferentfromconventionalengineeringsurvey,thedistancebetweenthetwoangle measurementdevicesinindustrialsurveyisnomorethantenmeters.Theaccu racyforthemeasurementofobjectpointsisrequiredtobebetween± ( 0 .0 2～ 0 .0 5～ 0 .2 0 )mm ,sotheaccu racyfortheorientationoftheinitialdirectionoughttobehigh .Theexistingmethodsfororientatingtheinitialdirectionbetweenthetwoangle measurementdevicesincludemethodofusinginnertarget,collimatormethod,metho…