Seismic horizontal pullout capacity of shallow vertical anchors in sand

The concept of the equivalent free surface has been extended to determine the seismic horizontal pullout capacity of shallow vertical strip plate anchors buried in sand. The analysis has been done rigorously by using the method of stress characteristics. The results have been expressed in the form of non-dimensional charts. The pullout resistance has been found to reduce quite extensively with increase in the magnitude of horizontal earthquake acceleration. The results were compared with the previously published data, and it was seen that the computed pullout resistance with the proposed method was found to be lowest. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Numerical simulations for coupled rock deformation and gas leak flow in parallel coal seams

Based on the new viewpoint of interaction mechanics for solid and gas, gas leakage in parallel deformable coal seams can be understood. That is, under the action of varied geophysical fields, the methane gas flow in a double deformable coal seam can be essentially considered to be compressible with time-dependent and mixed permeation and diffusion through a pore-cleat deformable, heterogeneous and anisotropic medium. From this new viewpoint, coupled mathematical models for coal seam deformation and gas leak flow in parallel coal seams were formulated and the numerical simulations for slow gas emission from the parallel coal seams are presented. It is found that coupled models might be close to reality. Meanwhile, a coupled model for solid deformation and gas leak flow can be applied to the problems of gas leak flow including mining engineering, gas drainage engineering and mining safety engineering in particular the prediction of the safe range using protective layer mining where coal and gas outbursts can efficiently be prevented. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Impact of a Tropical Cyclone on Coastal Upwelling Processes

A three-dimensional numerical model is described to study theresponse of a coastal ocean excited by a tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal. The numericalexperiments have been carried out using the model to understand the dynamics and thermodynamics ofthe ocean due to different cyclonic systems approaching in different directions. In the firstexperiment, the model is used to simulate the vertical thermal structure of the ocean as a response ofpassage of the less intensified 1997 cyclone, which was skirting the east coast of India before crossingthe Bangladesh coast. The simulations are compared with the buoy data available during the storm period.In the next experiment, it is considered an idealized cyclone with hurricane winds movingnormal to the east coast of India crossing between Visakhapatnam and Kakinada to evolve thermalstructure and currents of the ocean. A net decrease of the SST of 6–7 °C is simulated whenthe severe cyclonic storm moved over the coastal ocean.     

大埋深条件下降雨入渗补给的初步分析

运用SWAP模型对太行山山前平原--河北省栾城县田间土壤水分运动进行了数值模拟.从土水势及土壤含水量等方面,初步分析了降雨灌溉入渗补给条件下土壤水分运动的规律.通过分析和讨论,探求了大埋深条件下降雨入渗过程,初步揭示了降雨入渗对地下水位变化的影响.     

电缆地层测试器的有限元数值模拟

电缆地层测试器的数值模拟是仪器研制和测井解释方法研究的基础。应用有限元技术,建立了三维电缆地层测试器的数值模拟程序。在理论研究方面,提出了可变管线存储体积的边界条件。在程序研究方面,采用时间的向后差分解决了程序的稳定性问题;采用时间的变步长技术提高了程序的运行效率。     

三维地形大地电磁场的边界元模拟方法

提出了一种用边界元法计算大地电磁场三维地形影响的数值模拟方法.首先用矢量积分理论和电磁场边界条件, 将上半空间(空气)和下半空间(地下介质)两个区域电磁场边值问题变为仅对地形界面的两个矢量面积分方程, 其中一个计算磁场, 称磁场方程; 另一个计算电场, 称电场方程.然后将对地形界面的积分剖分为一系列的三角单元积分.在三角单元积分中, 假设单元中电磁场为水平均匀大地空间电磁场与地形影响的迭加, 并假设地形影响为常项, 这样既保证了计算精度又使得计算方法简便.通过分解和计算, 每一个矢量面积分方程分解为对应3个坐标方向的3个常量线性方程, 这些线性方程组成了对角占优的线性方程组, 可用SSOR方法求解.文中给出了2个三维地形上大地电磁视电阻率曲线的计算结果.      

急缓流态交替的陡坡河道水动力模型

为解决河道水动力模拟中由于局部急、缓流态交替可能导致计算不稳定、模拟过程无法实施的问题,提出根据实际河段存在的缓流、急流、水跌以及水跃4种流态,采用基于特征线、水量平衡等原理在各流态分界处添加内部边界的思路,建立基于Preissmann方法的复杂流态自适应模拟模型。所构建的模型能保持Preissmann方法的特点,即相邻断面离散模板以及河道首末断面各需给定一个边界条件,该特点有利于方法直接与现有成熟河网水动力模型连接。理想算例的计算结果表明方法能够模拟急、缓流之间的渐变过渡;而石亭江的实际算例表明在急、缓流态频繁交替时,采用单河道模式及河网模式均能收敛到恒定状态,满足模拟实际复杂流态时的稳定性要求。     

深埋隧洞爆破开挖扰动损伤效应的数值模拟

爆破开挖扰动是深埋隧洞损伤区孕育及演化的重要影响因素。根据隧洞岩体钻爆开挖过程分析了爆炸荷载及开挖荷载瞬态卸荷对岩体的扰动作用,基于LS-DYNA动力有限元程序,提出了利用施加节点反力模拟待开挖隧洞岩体的约束作用,通过控制节点反力的变化过程以模拟开挖荷载瞬态卸荷,采用爆炸荷载变化曲线模拟爆炸作用过程的爆破开挖扰动数值模拟方法,并利用该方法模拟分析了爆破开挖扰动对围岩的损伤效应,结果表明,应力重分布对围岩损伤最大,隧洞围岩损伤区主要由围岩初始应力重分布所导致,爆炸荷载作用将增大围岩损伤区范围,考虑开挖荷载瞬态卸荷作用的围岩损伤区最大,且地应力越高,开挖荷载瞬态卸荷作用对围岩的损伤效应越显著     

某软土地区深基坑开挖数值模拟分析

以某软土地区深基坑开挖为背景,运用有限元方法计算模拟了基坑开挖的不同阶段,分析不同工况下基坑及周围土体的变形和受力情况,并对不同施工方式下基坑变形和受力进行了对比分析。数值分析表明软土地区深基坑开挖时,需采取相应的施工措施,控制基坑变形和受力,确保工程安全顺利进行。研究结论可为类似工程提供借鉴与参考。