工程建筑沉降预测的非等间距灰色建模

介绍了传统灰色GM(1,1)模型建立的基本思路及其精度评定方法,着重探讨了非等间距数列的灰色预测建模问题,给出了详细的建模过程。并结合高层建筑沉降监测实例进行分析,取得了较好效果。     

论《GIS空间分析》课程建设

综述了GIS空间分析理论的相关知识面和知识点,分析了课程的教学适应性,提出了课程建设的几点建议.     

Prediction of soil properties using imaging spectroscopy: Considering fractional vegetation cover to improve accuracy

Spectroscopic techniques have become attractive to assess soil properties because they are fast, require little labor and may reduce the amount of laboratory waste produced when compared to conventional methods. Imaging spectroscopy (IS) can have further advantages compared to laboratory or field proximal spectroscopic approaches such as providing spatially continuous information with a high density. However, the accuracy of IS derived predictions decreases when the spectral mixture of soil with other targets occurs. This paper evaluates the use of spectral data obtained by an airborne hyperspectral sensor (ProSpecTIR-VS – Aisa dual sensor) for prediction of physical and chemical properties of Brazilian highly weathered soils (i.e., Oxisols). A methodology to assess the soil spectral mixture is adapted and a progressive spectral dataset selection procedure, based on bare soil fractional cover, is proposed and tested. Satisfactory performances are obtained specially for the quantification of clay, sand and CEC using airborne sensor data (R² of 0.77, 0.79 and 0.54; RPD of 2.14, 2.22 and 1.50, respectively), after spectral data selection is performed; although results obtained for laboratory data are more accurate (R² of 0.92, 0.85 and 0.75; RPD of 3.52, 2.62 and 2.04, for clay, sand and CEC, respectively). Most importantly, predictions based on airborne-derived spectra for which the bare soil fractional cover is not taken into account show considerable lower accuracy, for example for clay, sand and CEC (RPD of 1.52, 1.64 and 1.16, respectively). Therefore, hyperspectral remotely sensed data can be used to predict topsoil properties of highly weathered soils, although spectral mixture of bare soil with vegetation must be considered in order to achieve an improved prediction accuracy.     

Land quality index assessment for agricultural purpose using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

In this study, an attempt has been made to apply Remote Sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) to determine land quality for agriculture purpose using analytic hierarchy process technique. In this study, various thematic layers were used like organic matter content, soil texture, soil depth, soil pH, soil P, soil K, geomorphology, run-off potential, slope and land use/land cover to assess the land quality index of the study area for the agriculture purpose which were generated in the RS and GIS environment. The study area can be divided into four zones, viz. high quality, moderately quality, marginally quality and low quality according to their suitability of land quality for agriculture purpose. It was found that about 39.09, 31.24, 20.41 and 9.26% of the study area falls under high quality zone, moderately quality, marginally quality and low quality zone, respectively, for agricultural purpose.     

空间分析技术在研究传染病时空传播规律中的应用

以手足口病为例,介绍了地理信息的空间统计技术在传染病时空传播规律研究中的应用,包括传染病空间分布模式研究、传染病聚集性分析、传染病扩散传播模式分析、传染病发病率空间自相关分析及传染病发病率空间回归模型预测方面的研究,为传染病防治决策提供科学依据,具有一定的实用性。     

达州独立坐标系平面控制网测量方法探讨

达州市独立坐标系GNSS网测量中,联测6个IGS参考站点,按B级网的要求解算出了4个控制点在CGCS2000椭球下的独立坐标,并将此作为GNSS控制网的起算数据对剩余23个GNSS控制点进行了平差处理,经过实例分析,该方法可以满足独立坐标系建立要求。     

基于GIS的坡面泥石流危险性评价

综合不同的泥石流评价因子对泥石流危险性进行了研究,利用地理信息系统（ GIS）来计算潜在的泥石流危险区域。选取虹口乡高原村与庙坝村共处坡面为研究区域,在ArcGIS中生成研究区域的坡面立体图。选取适当的评级指标,确定了流域内主要的泥石流影响因子。采用层次分析法得出各主要因子的权重值,将各因子划分为五个不同等级,并分别对各个因子进行数值化和归一化处理。利用ArcGIS形成各评价因子专题层,再分别给不同评价栅格赋权重值,最终运用叠置分析与插值分析得出研究坡面的不同色带所表示的危险等级区划图,从而实现单坡面泥石流危险性的评价。     

全站仪在日照测量中的应用

从日照测量的目的和任务出发,介绍全站仪在日照测量中的具体应用及注意事项,通过实例分析日照测量外业数据采集的原则和内业成图的要求,实践证明利用全站仪进行日照测量工作,具有低成本、高效率、易操作的优点.     

RTK技术代替图根导线控制测量的探讨

针对单基站RTK技术代替全站仪导线测量的方法,从理论结合实际的角度,以河南理工大学新校区为试验区,通过RTK测量与全站仪导线测量的精度对比分析,得出一些对实际生产有参考意义的结论。