世界森林的数字地球监测

介绍中国风云气象卫星FY－1,FY－2对地观测数据应用于全球森林资源的分类监测。讨论中国加入WTO以后对全球森林资源再分配的新战略。以全球观点,分析贵州省的森林资源特色及其对世界的特殊贡献。评价21世纪中国森林数据库与林业管理信息系统的规划与建设。     

山东归来庄金矿区g(Au/Ag)的空间信息统计学特征

空间信息统计学是一门集数学、空间信息科学及计算机技术于一体,在时空域内对区域化变量的随机性与结构性进行定量研究的技术。以山东归来庄金矿床为例,对其g(AuAg)异常进行空间信息统计学研究。利用指示克立格法研究g(AuAg)的空间变异结构特征,建立空间结构模型。在对结构模型和估计方案进行交叉验证后,对g(AuAg)的空间分布进行估计。根据g(AuAg)的空间分布规律,探讨其与Au空间分布的关系,并对今后该区的找金工作提出建议。     

世界森林的数字地球监测

介绍中国风云气象卫星FY－1,FY－2对地观测数据应用于全球森林资源的分类监测。讨论中国加入WTO以后对全球森林资源再分配的新战略。以全球观点,分析贵州省的森林资源特色及其对世界的特殊贡献。评价21世纪中国森林数据库与林业管理信息系统的规划与建设。     

新形势下测绘保密工作的思考

在《中华人民共和国测绘成果管理规定》及其相关的管理规定中 ,对基础测绘成果保密等级的划分、调整和解密都作了详细的规定。但是在新形势下 ,现行保密法规的对象发生了变化 ,传统的保密管理方式已不适用 ,因此 ,应在保守国家核心机密的前提下 ,重新审定各种地理信息产品的密级 ,最大限度地扩大流通服务范围 ,使地理信息能更多更好地为国民经济建设服务     

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统是以遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测为研究对象．介绍了基于GIS的地下水水质评价及预测系统的总体设计以及系统实现的功能。并以模糊综合评判模型为例，详细阐述了地下水水质评价与预测系统所实现的评价和预测功能。     

Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移技术在三江盆地XDLZ地区的应用

三江盆地前进坳陷XDLZ地区构造较复杂，以往开展的二维叠后时间偏移成像精度低和空间位置不够准确，为此进行了二维叠前时间偏移处理研究，分析了Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移处理中关键环节技术参数（叠前去噪、振幅补偿、反褶积、静校正、均方根速度建模和偏移孔径选取）对研究区复杂构造成像的影响及处理技巧。通过叠前时间偏移和叠后时间偏移在该区的应用效果对比分析，Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移处理结果包含地震信息更加丰富，深层复杂构造成像在同相轴的连续性和断层及断点空间位置更趋合理，成像相位和振幅误差较小，构造成图精度提高了约4％。     

Vulnerability of groundwater in Quaternary aquifers to organic contaminants: a case study in Wuhan City,China

More than 30 organic contaminants were detected in shallow groundwaters at Wuhan, the largest city in central China. Seriously contaminated groundwaters were from densely populated, industrial and commercial areas. Abnormal concentrations were found in groundwater from Hankou, downtown Wuhan: trimethylbenzene up to 29 μg/L, tetramethylbenzene up to 866 μg/L, and trichloroethene up to 9.5 μg/L. Benzene, Toluene, Ethylene and Xylene (BTEX) contamination of groundwater is serious and widespread at Wuhan, ranging between 0.14 and 25.0 μg/L. Considering the hydrogeological conditions of most Chinese cities, DRAMIC, a modified version of the widely used DRASTIC model, was proposed by the authors for assessing vulnerability of groundwater to contamination. The factors D, R, A and I in DRAMIC model are the same as in DRASTIC. The factor topography is ignored. The factor soil media is substituted by a new factor aquifer thickness (M) and the factor hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer by a new factor impact of contaminant (C). The equation for determining the DRAMIC Index is: DRAMIC = 5D _R + 3R _R + 4A _R + 2M _R + 5I _R + 1C _R. The calculated DRAMIC Index can be used to identify areas that are more likely to be susceptible to groundwater contamination relative to each other. The higher the DRAMIC Index is, the greater the groundwater pollution potential. Applying DRAMIC, a GIS-based vulnerability map for Wuhan city was prepared. Interestingly, places such as downtown Hankou, where enhanced concentrations of BTEX have been detected, correspond quite well with those with higher DRAMIC ratings.     

A model for estimating the value of sampling programs and the optimal number of samples for contaminated soil

A model is presented for estimating the value of information of sampling programs for contaminated soil. The purpose is to calculate the optimal number of samples when the objective is to estimate the mean concentration. A Bayesian risk–cost–benefit decision analysis framework is applied and the approach is design-based. The model explicitly includes sample uncertainty at a complexity level that can be applied to practical contaminated land problems with limited amount of data. Prior information about the contamination level is modelled by probability density functions. The value of information is expressed in monetary terms. The most cost-effective sampling program is the one with the highest expected net value. The model was applied to a contaminated scrap yard in Göteborg, Sweden, contaminated by metals. The optimal number of samples was determined to be in the range of 16–18 for a remediation unit of 100 m². Sensitivity analysis indicates that the perspective of the decision-maker is important, and that the cost of failure and the future land use are the most important factors to consider. The model can also be applied for other sampling problems, for example, sampling and testing of wastes to meet landfill waste acceptance procedures.     

城市规划管理信息数据库的设计与建立

以某市城市规划地理信息数据库的设计与建立为例,主要阐述了该数据库的功能设计,并通过入库处理,将分层数据导入到对应数据库中。根据数据库设计要求,按空间单元划分存储单元建立各个子数据库,或者将所有数据合并为一个存储单元建立无缝数据库。从而实现图形与属性数据库的建立。