关于余代数逻辑的研究

余代数为各种各样的模态逻辑提供一致的语义框架.Lutz Schr？der证明了任意自函子的余代数类都有一个rank-1的公理化.反过来,每一个rank-1的模态逻辑都有一个可靠的、强完备的余代数语义.另一方面,Clemens Kupke等提出模态逻辑可以描述成布尔代数上的自函子,并基于对偶理论研究余代数逻辑的可靠完备性.通过对偶理论重新证明了rank-1的模态逻辑都是余代数的,并且证明通过对偶理论构造出来的函子和Schr？der所构造的函子是等价的.     

甘肃北山地区下石炭统红柳园组四射珊瑚动物群及其地质意义

在北山地区下石炭统红柳园组中发现了丰富的的四射珊瑚,共计单体12属,17种;复体5属,7种,由下至上可划分为2个生物组合:Siphonodendron-Thysanophylloides组合和Yuanophyllum-Gangamophyllum组合,确定其时代为早石炭世大塘期.通过对北山地区珊瑚动物群与华南、欧洲以及...     

透明矿物作画新技法的探讨

透明矿物绝大多数属于造岩矿物.本方法是从透明矿物中选取色泽纯正、易采集、便于加工的矿物作原材应用于玉板画工艺中,将其加工后与粘合胶液混合调配出能适应石板填充作画的填料,随之进行画面刻绘、填充、打磨、抛光等工序.工艺中采用雕刻深浅变化使画面显现出似透非透的,与石板背景色形成交相辉映、约隐约现如出天然之韵味的效果.这种透明...     

The use of remote sensing and linear wave theory to model local wave energy around Alphonse Atoll,Seychelles

This paper demonstrates a practical step-wise method for modelling wave energy at the landscape scale using GIS and remote sensing techniques at Alphonse Atoll, Seychelles. Inputs are a map of the benthic surface (seabed) cover, a detailed bathymetric model derived from remotely sensed Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data and information on regional wave heights. Incident energy at the reef crest around the atoll perimeter is calculated as a function of its deepwater value with wave parameters (significant wave height and period) hindcast in the offshore zone using the WaveWatch III application developed by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. Energy modifications are calculated at constant intervals as waves transform over the forereef platform along a series of reef profile transects running into the atoll centre. Factors for shoaling, refraction and frictional attenuation are calculated at each interval for given changes in bathymetry and benthic coverage type and a nominal reduction in absolute energy is incorporated at the reef crest to account for wave breaking. Overall energy estimates are derived for a period of 5 years and related to spatial patterning of reef flat surface cover (sand and seagrass patches).     

Scleractinian settlement patterns to natural cleared reef substrata and artificial settlement panels on an Indonesian coral reef

Recruitment is a key factor driving the population dynamics of scleractinian corals, but despite its importance, we still have a poor understanding of recruitment processes in the Coral triangle region, which contains the most biodiverse marine ecosystems in the world. This study aimed to compare settlement rates to artificial settlement panels with cleared areas of natural reef in order to assess whether panels are a suitable indicator of natural coral settlement rates. We recorded coral settlement rates to panels made of two different materials (concrete and terracotta), attached to the reef at two different orientations (vertical and horizontal), and compared these settlement rates to those on cleared areas of natural reef positioned on vertical reef walls, over a 12 month period. We examined settlement rates at four sites in the Wakatobi National Marine Park, south-east Sulawesi, Indonesia; two reefs were light-limited, highly sedimented sites with low coral cover (<10%) and two had moderate coral cover (approx. 40%) and lower sedimentation rates. Panels were directly attached to the reef at 6–7 m depth. The number of coral spat per tile ranged from 0 to 34 and no significant differences were reported between the settlement rates to cleared natural reef areas and settlement panels. Significantly higher numbers of spat settled on the cryptic (back) side of the panels, while no significant difference was found between settlement rates to the different panel materials, or between the different orientations or any combination of these two factors. There is, however, a significant difference in the settlement rates between sites, for both settlement panels and permanent cleared areas, with higher settlement rates at the sites with higher live coral cover. We conclude that both concrete and terracotta panels yield similar settlement rates, and orientation makes no difference to settlement rates when panels are directly attached to the reef. Our results demonstrate that artificial substrata provide comparable settlement rate data to natural substrata and therefore are suitable for monitoring coral settlement rates in the future.     

Paleoenvironmental changes recorded on UPPer Carboniferous reef in Guangxi,China

Based on detailed measurement in the field and a comPrehensive analysis of carbonate microfacies, the Pennsylvanian reefal microfacies characteristic and sedimentary environment from Longjiangdong,Guan...     

Impact of environmental parameters on coral reef development and drowning: Forward modelling of the last deglacial reefs from Tahiti (French Polynesia; IODP Expedition #310)

The sedimentological and chronological analysis of the last deglacial reef sequences of Tahiti (French Polynesia), drilled during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 310, provide a high‐resolution data set allowing a well‐constrained forward modelling study. This study represents the first attempt to model in three dimensions the coral reef development of Tahiti during the last deglacial sea‐level rise (23 000 to 6000 cal yr bp ) using the software dionisos developed by IFP Energies nouvelles. It allows the testing of the reconstructed last deglacial sea‐level curve and the different environmental parameters (for example, wave energy and sediment fluxes) that could have influenced the reef development. These last deglacial reef sequences form two prominent ridges occurring seaward of the living barrier reef that consist of successive submerged reefs. These reefs have been prone to drowning because the window of maximum carbonate production rate is inhibited by high water turbidity (sediment supply from a nearby river), shallow depth of wave action and substrate availability. These factors, combined with rapid sea‐level rise, have driven the growth of retrograding reef pinnacles. Local factors (substratum nature, sediment supply and wave energy) were the main processes that induced the drowning of the inner ridge, whereas interplay of local and global factors (acceleration of the sea‐level rise) was responsible for the drowning of the outer ridge. This particular acceleration of sea‐level rise of 16 m between 14·6 ka and 14 ka bp corresponds to meltwater pulse 1A.     

丛生盔形珊瑚共生体及骨骼的形态研究

"共生"和"钙化"一直是珊瑚生物生态学研究中两个最核心的问题,为加深对珊瑚共生和钙化生物过程的理解,以丛生盔形珊瑚(Galaxea fascicularis)作为研究模型,通过透射电镜和扫描电镜研究珊瑚共生体的细胞显微结构及骨骼的形态特征,并利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(Inductively Coupled Plasma...     

Nonlinear analysis of footings on granular bed–stone column improved soft soil

In this paper, a model for the analysis of footings having finite flexural rigidity resting on a granular bed on top of stone columns improved saturated soft (clayey) soil has been proposed. Soft soil has been modeled as a Kelvin–Voigt body to represent its time dependent behavior. Pasternak shear layer has been used to represent the granular layer and the stone columns have been idealized by means of nonlinear Winkler springs. Nonlinear behavior of granular fill, soft soil and stone columns has been invoked by means of hyperbolic constitutive relationships. Governing differential equations for the soil–foundation system have been obtained and finite difference method has been adopted for solving these, using the Gauss-elimination iterative scheme. Detailed parametric study for a combined footing has been carried out to study the influence of parameters, like magnitude of applied load, flexural rigidity of footing, diameter of stone column, spacing of stone column, ultimate bearing capacity of granular fill, poor foundation soil and stone column, relative stiffness of stone columns and degree of consolidation, on flexural response of the footing.     

碎石桩复合地基处理软土固结计算及应用

推导了等应变条件下桩阻作用时的碎石桩复合地基固结方程,并与现场沉降观测数据换算出碎石桩复合地基在路堤施工过程中的固结度对比,二者吻合较好,证明了公式的正确性。沉降观测数据还表明：使用碎石桩处理软土地基能加快地基的固结速率。