Environmental impacts of bench blasting at Hisarcik Boron open pit mine in Turkey

This paper presents the results of ground vibration measurements carried out in Hisarcik Boron open pit mine located on the west side of central Anatolia near Kütahya province in Turkey. Within the scope of this study to predict peak particle velocity (PPV) level for this site, ground vibration components were measured for 304 shots during bench blasting. In blasting operations, ANFO (blasting agent), gelatin dynamite (priming), and delay electric detonators (firing) were used as explosives. Parameters of scaled distance (charge quantity per delay and the distance between the source and the station) were recorded carefully and the ground vibration components were measured for all blast events using two different types of vibration monitors (one White Mini-Seis and one Instantel Minimate Plus Model). The absolute distances between shot points and monitor stations were determined using GPS. The equation of square root scaled distance extensively used in the literature was taken into consideration for the prediction of PPV. Then, the data pairs of scaled distance and particle velocity obtained from the 565 event records were analyzed statistically. At the end of statistical evaluation of the data pairs, an empirical relation which gives 50% prediction line with a reasonable correlation coefficient was established between PPV and scaled distance.     

江苏省矿山的主要生态环境问题及治理对策

江苏的经济发展较快,对矿产资源的需求量亦大。多年来的无序开采,对生态环境造成很大的破坏和影响,出现了山体植被遭受破坏、土地被占用、环境受污染、诱发地面沉降、地面塌陷等一系列问题,已影响到国民经济的发展。随着省人大和省政府关于限制开山采石和保护环境等政策、法规出台和落实,近几年乱采滥挖现象基本得到了有效的遏制。人们的环保意识得到了加强,不少矿山已逐步开始对环境治理,且初见成效。文章介绍了江苏生态环境现状、存在的主要问题和治理对策,以期引起各级政府和广大民众在对矿产资源开采的同时更要注重环境保护。     

龙永煤田危机矿山资源接替的几种勘探模式

通过龙永煤田现有煤矿状况调查分析发现：许多矿井已步入“花甲之年”，接近矿井服务年限。为了保障我省能源安全，应当采用有效勘探方法，方能使它们“返老还童”。研究发现危机矿山延长服务年限的几种勘探模式是：其一为扩大（延伸）勘探模式；其二为小型井田（块段）勘探模式；其三为资料分析研究模式。经探采对比发现，采用这三种勘探模式后，产生了巨大的经济效益，使一大批老矿井青春再度焕发。     

吾祠煤矿区构造特征及矿井生产布局探讨

通过对漳平市吾祠煤矿区的煤层地质构造特征分析，探讨了复杂构造条件下的矿井生产布局，主要是煤矿区段水平划分、煤炭采区的巷道布置、采煤方法及有关地质硐探等问题，对矿山开发有一定的指导意义。     

探测地雷技术研究综述

高敏感度、高可靠度、低花费传感器是全自动或半自动探雷机器人的首要和绝对的选择。当前,有许多技术能够被选来综合使用以满足上述的要求。金属探测器是一种传统的、成熟可靠的探测技术。但是,现在多种地雷含有少量的金属或者不包含任何金属,造成了用金属探测器探雷的困难。目前迫切需要研究发展新颖的探测技术以消除100万颗地雷对许多国家的影响。     

从电法勘探资料分析宋楼煤矿主斜井突水因素

根据宋楼煤矿主斜井直流电法勘探资料及矿井地质及水文地质条件的分析,煤矿主斜井突水原因应该是来自第四系砂砾石含水层及深层地下岩溶水。通过电法勘探确定裂隙发育带、富水区域、涌水部位,对此处实施钻孔注浆堵水后,恢复生产。     

煤矿水害多源信息预测方法研究

基于MAPGIS平台,用Visual C＋＋对其进行二次开发,研制了煤矿水害多源信息预测系统.通过对地震、电法、水文地质等多源数据进行处理后,在MAPGIS系统下进行成图、配准和空间定量分析,建立了预测模型.用该系统对煤矿实际资料进行了处理,结果表明其预测结果较传统方法更为准确.     

矿业开发与环境保护关系综述

笔者介绍了我国矿业发展经历的3个阶段，归纳出我国矿业开发带来的矿山环境问题主要有：地面塌陷、占压破坏土地、改变地质构造、破坏水资源、污染水、污染土壤、污染大气、瓦斯爆炸及河床抬高等。分析了环境恶化的原因主要与区域地质环境条件、历史、经济技术、矿山企业和地方保护主义等因素有关。最后提出了防治矿山环境恶化的对策，对难以治理的地区以预防、避让为主，历史问题由政府和企业共同解决，落实“谁开发、谁保护；谁受益、谁治理；谁破坏、谁恢复”的生态环境保护新机制，加强监管，加强防治对策研究，走综合勘探、综合评价、综合开发、综合利用的发展道路。     

淄博市洪山、寨里煤矿地下水串层污染形成原因及防治

淄博市洪山、寨里煤矿区隐伏的奥陶系灰岩裂隙岩溶水污染严重。水质污染突发于矿坑全面闭坑以后，污染范围与矿坑水区一致，地下水污染组份与矿坑水的高含量组份相同。水质恶化主要由矿坑水串层污染所致。在此针对串层污染形成原因及影响因素，提出了防治对策。     

A multidisciplinary multi-scale framework for assessing vulnerabilities to global change

Terrestrial ecosystems provide a number of vital services for people and society, such as food, fibre, water resources, carbon sequestration, and recreation. The future capability of ecosystems to provide these services is determined by changes in socio-economic factors, land use, atmospheric composition, and climate. Most impact assessments do not quantify the vulnerability of ecosystems and ecosystem services under such environmental change. They cannot answer important policy-relevant questions such as 'Which are the main regions or sectors that are most vulnerable to global change?’ 'How do the vulnerabilities of two regions compare?’ 'Which scenario is the least harmful for a sector?’This paper describes a new approach to vulnerability assessment developed by the Advanced Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis and Modelling (ATEAM) project. Different ecosystem models, covering biodiversity, agriculture, forestry, hydrology, and carbon sequestration are fed with the same Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Each model gives insights into specific ecosystems, as in traditional impact assessments. Moreover, by integrating the results in a vulnerability assessment, the policy-relevant questions listed above can also be addressed. A statistically derived European environmental stratification forms a key element in the vulnerability assessment. By linking it to other quantitative environmental stratifications, comparisons can be made using data from different assessments and spatial scales.