施工期岩锚梁岩台破坏模式及稳定性分析

针对西南某大型水电站地下厂房岩锚梁岩台区节理发育的特点,并考虑辉绿岩脉等软弱带的影响因素,结合现场调查,利用关键块体理论方法分析得出开挖过程中岩台主要破坏模式为滑动、滑移—拉裂、弯曲—拉裂以及辉绿岩脉松动溃散4种,其中,上、下直墙的陡倾角结构面组合特征及辉绿岩脉的发育直接影响岩台的成型与稳定,开挖过程中针对各发育特征采...     

Nonlinear bend stiffener analysis using a simple formulation and finite element method

Flexible marine risers are commonly used in deepwater floating systems.Bend stiffeners are designed to protect flexible risers against excessive bending at the connection with the hull.The structure is usually analyzed as a cantilever beam subjected to an inclined point load.As deflections are large and the bend stiffener material exhibits nonlinear stress-strain characteristics,geometric and material nonlinearities are important considerations.A new approach has been developed to solve this nonlinear problem.Its main advantage is its simplicity;in fact the present method can be easily implemented on a spreadsheet.Finite element analysis using ABAQUS is performed to validate the method.Solid elements are used for the bend stiffener and flexible pipe.To simulate the near inextensibility of flexible risers,a simple and original idea of using truss elements is proposed.Through a set of validation studies,the present method is found to be in a good agreement with the finite element analysis.Further,parametric studies are performed by using both methods to identify the key parameters and phenomena that are most critical in design.The most important finding is that the common practice of neglecting the internal steel sleeve in the bend stiffener analysis is non-conservative and therefore needs to be reassessed.     

高烈度区大跨度桥梁粘滞阻尼器减震研究

高烈度地震对铁路桥梁安全造成巨大隐患,且次生灾害将引起较大经济损失。该大跨连续梁桥所处地震带正进入活跃期,未来有发生较大规模强烈地震的可能,但桥梁自身不具备高烈度抗震能力,需利用粘滞阻尼器对其进行减震处理。采用斜向设置阻尼器并配合双曲面球型支座,来控制可能发生的纵向和横向地震。通过数值模拟进行阻尼器参数敏感性分析以及减震效果讨论,进而确定其最优设置方案。选取相关参数作为评价指标,对比加设阻尼器前后易损部位的地震响应,确定其在高烈度地震荷载激励下的减震效果。研究结果表明:在液体粘滞阻尼器的作用下,使得各墩协同受力,大大增加了结构的整体性,同时能很好弥补减隔震支座不能很好的控制上部结构位移的缺点,同时能降低罕遇地震力对桥墩的冲击损伤。因此,在高烈度区大跨度桥梁中更有必要设置阻尼器来抗震。     

应用慢速原子束制备冷原子粘团的研究

冷原子粘团的制备是喷泉钟研制的关键步骤之一。通过慢速原子束加载获得冷原子粘团,应用荧光收集法测量了冷原子粘团的原子数目,采用飞行时间法测量了冷原子粘团温度。冷原子粘团中原子数目在加载时间200 ms的情况下为(8.14±0.2)×107,温度为(10.72±0.69)μK。     

煤巷断层区顶板破断机制分析及支护对策研究

针对断层区煤巷顶板破断问题,分别建立了正断层和逆断层构造区的顶板弹性深梁力学模型,研究了顶板应力分布规律,并以Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则为判据,分析了不同顶板压力、支护强度、跨高比等因素下的顶板破断机制。理论分析表明,顶板深梁最大有效剪应力随跨高比增大而增大;其随跨高比不同而呈现出3种不同破断模式;穿越断层的巷道在断层区域应尽早使用强力支护系统,提高支护强度;穿越正断层的巷道在断层面附近应当提高护表效果。根据理论分析结论提出,在煤巷断层区使用让压型锚索箱梁支护系统,可对顶板围岩进行及时强力支护,实现“先控后让再抗”,既能有效发挥支护系统作用,又能充分发挥围岩自承能力。上述支护对策应用于巨野矿区断层区煤巷支护方案设计中,有效防止了顶板事故的发生,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

斜拉桥塔梁同步施工中的索塔测量控制浅析

通过斜拉桥的塔梁同步施工状态下的索塔定位测量的研究分析,根据测量索塔已浇节段的变形值,模拟索塔的变形曲线,计算出索塔待浇节段的理论变形值,对模板和索导管的定位数据进行修正,使索塔线型和定位精度符合设计要求.     

Effect of stratification on the frequency of bounded Rossby modes over a non-flat bottom

This work attempts to express and analyze the challenges, induced by stratification, affecting the Rossby-topographic eigenmodes of a closed domain with a general uneven bottom of arbitrary shape filled with a uniform fluid in the unperturbed configuration. The modified eigenmodes have been computed analytically: stratification is introduced in the mathematical form of a perturbation of a homogeneous fluid over a non-flat bottom. The eigenmodes lose their barotropic character and differences appear in the dynamical fields (velocity and pressure) from upper to lower layer, as expected. Expressions for the baroclinic and ageostrophic velocity components due to the perturbation are given. The analysis is carried out in the frame of linear shallow water approximation. All terms have been retained apart from nonlinear advection in the governing equations. We find that the frequencies of the eigenmodes change; an analytical expression of frequency correction as a function of layer density difference and interface depth is found. Initial results for some elementary geometrical settings with a waveguide bottom are determined and expressed in a concise, easily readable closed form. The results obtained in the shallow water approximation are expanded in series with respect to the Rossby number. Next, they are compared with the frequency correction obtained in an alternative framework in which the quasi-geostrophic approximation is used, and a purely baroclinic perturbation is imposed from the outset as the result of the introduction of stratification in the otherwise homogeneous fluid. In this scenario, reduced gravity and the ratio of upper to lower layer depth are, in turn, used as the expansion parameters in lieu of the Rossby number.     

Using centrifuge tests data to identify the dynamic soil properties: Application to Fontainebleau sand

Knowledge of the dynamic properties of the soil is of great importance as the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio are necessary input data in finite element modeling programs. This paper presents a post-processing strategy to identify the shear modulus and damping ratio vs. shear strain curves using the experimental results of a dynamic centrifuge program. Application is presented for the Fontainebleau sand. The proposed methodology is fast, robust and able to capture the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of the material. Based on the results, specific parameters for the Fontainebleau sand are identified for the empirical equation of shear modulus and damping ratio proposed by Ishibashi and Zhang [1]. It is found that confining pressure has an important influence on both shear modulus evolution and damping ratio.     

TI介质局部角度域高斯束叠前深度偏移成像

各向异性射线理论基础上的局部角度域叠前深度偏移方法能够为深度域构造成像与基于角道集的层析反演提供有力支撑,但是对于复杂地质构造而言,高斯度叠前深度偏移在不失高效、灵活等特点的情况下,具有明显的精度优势.为此,本文研究局部角度域理论框架下的高斯束叠前深度偏移方法.为提高算法效率与实用性,文中讨论了一种从经典弹性参数表征的各向异性介质运动学和动力学射线方程演变而来的由相速度表征的简便形式,并提出了一种比较经济的各向异性高斯束近似合成方案.结合地震波局部角度域成像原理,讨论一种适合高斯束偏移的角度参数计算方法.国际上通用的理论模型合成数据试验表明：相比局部角度域Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移成像方法,本文方法具有更高的成像精度与抗噪能力,既适用于复杂构造成像,也可为TI介质深度域偏移速度分析与模型建立提供高效的偏移引擎.     

光控相控阵雷达波束控制系统的设计

光控相控阵雷达在子阵级别上引入光纤实时延迟线OTTD（Optical True Time Delay）进行子阵级的延时补偿，减轻了传统相控阵雷达因渡越时问和孔径效应对信号瞬时带宽的限制，实现了宽带宽角扫描。光控相控阵雷达通过其波控系统控制OTTD和移相器的状态，实现波束快速、灵活扫描。在简要探讨光控相控阵雷达原理的基础上，讨论了其分布式波拉系统的设计方法，同时由于在OTTD的设计中采用了新型光学器件，给出了波控系统与OTTD的接口驱动电路的设计方法。