侧扫声纳系统在海底障碍物扫测中的应用

针对海道测量中侧扫声纳位置精度低的问题,利用GPS定位数据、单波束水深数据和侧扫数据,研究侧扫声纳扫海测量中海底障碍物信息精化问题。海上试验数据表明：文中提出的多源水声测量信息联合扫测海底障碍物的方法,可改善单一侧扫系统目标探测的精度,对海底目标物扫测具有较好的适用性。     

An alternative approach to the structural motion analysis of wedge-beam offshore structures supporting a load

For convenience of dynamic analysis, some offshore structures such as fixed-type platforms are often modeled as the wedge beams supporting tip lumped masses. It is well-known that, due to the effect of the surrounding water, the natural frequencies of a beam in air (or dry beam) are different from those of the same beam immersed in water (or wet beam). However, if the natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes of a dry beam are calculated by taking account of the “added mass” for the immersed beam, then the last natural frequencies and mode shapes will be equal to the corresponding ones of the wet beam. Based on the last concept, the closed form solutions for natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes of the dry beam were determined first, then the partial differential equation of motion for the wet beam was transformed into a matrix equation by using the expansion theorem and the foregoing closed form solutions of free vibration responses for the dry beam. Solving the last matrix equation will give the required natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes of the wet beam. The formulation of this paper is available for the fully or partially immersed double tapered beams with either circular, square or rectangular cross-sections. The taper ratio for width and that for depth may be equal or unequal. The numerical results of this paper were compared with the existing results or the finite-element-method results and good agreement was achieved.     

冻土CT图像中环形伪影和射线束硬化伪影的成因及校正方法

冻土CT图像中不可避免地会出现环形伪影和射线束硬化伪影。为解决这些问题, 分析了两类伪影的特征和形成机理, 提出了降低伪影的硬件优化方案。首先, 通过改变X射线管电压, 以此改变X射线光通量来降低冻土CT图像的环形伪影。其次, 利用不同厚度的滤过材料, 将X射线中的低能射线预先过滤, 使得穿过冻土试样的X射线能谱范围变窄, 以此来降低射线束硬化伪影对试样的影响。对比分析结果表明： 将扫描电压提高到120 kV既能有效降低同类型冻土试样CT图像中的环形伪影, 又能保证图像的质量; 选用材质为2A12、 厚度为18 mm的航空铝材, 在扫描电压为120 kV、 扫描电流为230 mA的条件下可以有效抑制射线束硬化所造成的伪影。     

Crustal laminations in deep seismic profiles in France and neighbouring areas

Summary. Remarkable crustal features appear on the ECORS profiles carried out in northern France and the Bay of Biscay as well as on the SWAT profiles shot in the western Channel and the Celtic Sea. The most striking one is the occurrence of flat laminations in the lower crust. Dipping events and laminations are also present in the upper and lower crust, especially in the SWAT profiles. They can readily be related to tectonic events, Variscan in age, some of them identified in the field. The flat laminations in the lower crust are at first interpreted as resulting from delamination, shearing, magmatism and metamorphism at the crust-mantle transition during the Variscan orogeny. This interpretation raises some difficulty concerning the space and time correlation of the laminations with the Variscan orogeny. They seem to have been emplaced after the Permian-Triassic infilling of the Plymouth Bay basin and before the early Cretaceous opening of the Bay of Biscay. An early to middle Jurassic age is suggested, a period when large cratonic basins were formed without noticeable extension. Heat flow increase and magmatism are proposed as a second hypothesis for the formation of the lower crust laminations. Choosing between orogenic and non-orogenic causes of these laminations will require further deep seismic profiles together with good velocity determination.     

一种新型非基于慢变包络近似的三维有限元束传播法

提出了一种新型非基于慢变包络近似的三维有限元束传播法.该方法相较Hadley所提出的广角束传播法,在分析光信号与光波导之间相互作用时同时考虑了载波和调制波对传输特性的影响,更具一般性且精度更高.通过与已发表的权威文献相比,在相同的计算资源下,精度提高了10%.     

Discrete Element with Flexible Connector for Dynamic Analysis of 3-D Beam Structures

Combined multi-body dynamics with structural dynamics,a new discrete element with flexibleconnector,which is applicable for 3-D beam structures,is developed in this paper.Both the generalizedelastic coefficient matrix of the flexible connector and the mass matrix of discrete element may be off-diag-onal in a general case.The zero-length rigid element is introduced to simulate the node at which multiple el-ements are jointed together.It may also be effective when the axes of adjacent elements are not in the sameline.The examples for eigenvalue calculation show that the model is successful.It can be extended to thegeometric nonlinear response analysis.     

卫星导航接收机中多波束抗干扰技术

抗干扰是卫星导航接收机中一项重要的技术。提出了一种卫星导航接收机中的新型多波束抗干扰方法,该方法能够较好地兼顾零陷深度与卫星信号增益的矛盾,达到抑制干扰的同时增强卫星信号强度的目的。通过大量仿真实验分析了波束数目、波束分配方式以及波束指向偏差对抗干扰性能的影响。仿真结果和性能分析验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

弹性各向同性介质一次散射波场高斯束Born正演

本文提出了一种弹性波一次散射波场的正演方法——弹性波高斯束Born正演.该方法以线性散射理论为基础,通过Born近似建立起地下散射点处不同波型的反射率同弹性波主分量波场之间的数据映射关系,利用高斯束所包含的走时、振幅和极性信息进行不同波型的局部平面波的合成,进而通过逆倾斜叠加将所合成的局部平面波转化为时空域的多分量地震记录.该方法不但保持了射线类方法高效的优点,还具备了处理多次走时波场的能力,从而保证了复杂构造的波场模拟的精度.文中两个数值模型的应用效果表明,本文所提出的弹性波高斯束Born正演算法具有近似于波动方程有限差分法的波场模拟精度以及高得多的计算效率.

     

H型钢弹塑性挡块关键力学参数计算方法

混凝土挡块震害是桥梁震害的主要形式之一,型钢挡块具有塑性耗能和方便修复的特点。为便于工程设计计算,针对新型H型钢弹塑性挡块的力学性能,从H型钢截面的截面应力入手,利用应力弯矩关系,采用弯矩曲率分析方法,建立了H型钢弹塑性挡块弯矩-曲率和力-位移的计算公式,进而建立了H型钢挡块屈服前刚度、屈服荷载、屈服位移和屈服后刚度等关键力学参数的计算公式,并推导了H型钢挡块简化双线性滞回曲线。同时将上述建立的参数理论公式计算结果与有限元纤维模型法分析结果进行了对比,验证了所提出的计算方法的可靠性。