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181.
182.
Macrophyte community diversity and composition respond to ecosystem conservation and local environmental factors. In this study, we developed a multidimensional diversity framework for macrophyte communities, including the taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversity. We used the framework to explore the relationships among water level regimes and these diversity parameters in a case study of China's Baiyangdian Lake. Analysis of indicators of hydrologic alteration divided the water level from 1959 to 2019 into four regimes (dry, <6.42 m; low, 6.42–7.23 m; medium, 7.23–8.19 m; high, >8.19 m). Alpha and beta diversity were significantly higher in the medium regime than in the low and high regimes. Redundancy analysis indicated that the maximum water depth significantly affected taxonomic alpha diversity, and total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration significantly affected functional alpha diversity, respectively. Mantel tests showed that TN, Secchi depth (SD), and water depth in the high water level regime significantly increased the total beta diversity and turnover components. TN was the main factor that increased total taxonomic beta diversity. Water level regime mainly influenced interspecific relationships by changing the TN and COD concentration. The water level should be maintained between the medium and high water level regimes to promote restoration of the macrophyte community and improve ecosystem stability. The biodiversity evaluation framework would provide a deeper insight into the hydrological process management for restoration of aquatic macrophyte communities in shallow lakes. 相似文献
183.
海洋地震资料普遍发育强能量表面多次波,传统表面多次波压制技术(SRME)能够预测出所有阶次表面多次波,但是各阶次表面多次波相互混叠。为了能够单独利用不同阶次的表面多次波成像,降低干涉假象对多次波成像的影响,需要将不同阶次的表面多次波分离出来。本文提出一种基于扩展SRME的海洋单阶次表面多次波分离方法。首先,应用SRME技术预测出混叠的所有表面多次波;其次,修改常规SRME技术的边界输入条件,将上一步求得的所有多次波进行升阶次处理;再次,预测出混叠的所有表面多次波与其升阶次后的表面多次波匹配相减求得单阶次多次波。以此类推,能够逐步分离出不同阶次的表面多次波。数值模型和某深海实际资料测试表明本方法的有效性,不同阶次表面多次波被有效分离,为后期多次波的利用奠定了基础。 相似文献
184.
浅水湖泊生态系统的多稳态理论及其应用 总被引:37,自引:11,他引:37
在“八五”期间太湖研究工作的基础上,发展和充实了浅水湖泊多稳态理论,简要介绍了多稳态概念模型,并将这一理论和模型贯穿于太湖富营养化防治研究中;总结了太湖各湖区的状态演化过程,提出保护东太湖生态环境和治理五里湖的策略及技术路线,并付诸于实验;证明了利多稳态理论和多稳态模型指导湖泊富营养化防治的可行性。 相似文献
185.
D. J. Stevenson 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1-2):113-127
Abstract If a conducting fluid shell is undergoing spin-axisymmetric differential rotation and overlies the dynamo generating region of a planet then it is capable of greatly reducing the non-spin-axisymmetric components of the generated field, provided the appropriate magnetic Reynolds number is large. The model, closely related to the electromagnetic skin effect, is quantified and applied to Saturn. The observed small dipole tilt (~ 1°) of Saturn's magnetic field can be explained because of the presence of a stably stratified conducting layer overlying the dynamo region. This layer is a predicted consequence of the thermal evolution, arises because of the limited solubility of helium in metallic hydrogen (Stevenson, 1980), and appears to be required by the Voyager infrared observations indicating depletion of helium from Saturn's atmosphere. The much larger dipole tilt angles of Jupiter and the Earth indicate the absence of any such stable, differentially rotating layer with a large magnetic Reynolds number. 相似文献
186.
土木工程结构的双层多重调谐质量阻尼器控制策略 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
李春祥 《地震工程与工程振动》2005,25(1):113-119
为能得到用尽可能少的调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)组成有效性和鲁棒性高的多重调谐质量阻尼器控制系统,本文提出了一种适用于土木工程结构的新控制策略——双层多重调谐质量阻尼器(DMT—MD)。使用定义的优化目标函数,评价了双层多重调谐质量阻尼器(DMTMD)的控制性能。数值结果表明,双层多重调谐质量阻尼器(DMTMD)比多重凋谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)具有更好的有效性和对频率调谐的鲁棒性。DMTMD比双重调谐质量阻尼器(DTMD)具有更好的有效性,而DMTMD和DT—MD对频率调谐的鲁棒性近似相同。因此,双层多重调谐质量阻尼器是一种先进的结构控制策略。 相似文献
187.
188.
The current AASHTO load and resistance factor design (LRFD) guidelines are formulated based on bridge reliability,which interprets traditional design safety factors into more rigorously deduced factors based on the theory of probability.This is a major advancement in bridge design specifications.However,LRFD is only calibrated for dead and live loads.In cases when extreme loads are significant,they need to be individually assessed.Combining regular loads with extreme loads has been a major challenge,mainly because the extreme loads are time variables and cannot be directly combined with time invariant loads to formulate the probability of structural failure.To overcome these difficulties,this paper suggests a methodology of comprehensive reliability,by introducing the concept of partial failure probability to separate the loads so that each individual load combination under a certain condition can be approximated as time invariant.Based on these conditions,the extreme loads (also referred to as multiple hazard or MH loads) can be broken down into single effects.In Part Ⅱ of this paper,a further breakdown of these conditional occurrence probabilities into pure conditions is discussed by using a live truck and earthquake loads on a bridge as an example.There are three major steps in establishing load factors from MH load distributions:(1) formulate the failure probabilities;(2) normalize various load distributions;and (3) establish design limit state equations.This paper describes the formulation of the failure probabilities of single and combined loads. 相似文献
189.
本文首先对等效框架模型、多竖直杆单元模型作了改进.然后应用改进等效框架模型、改进多竖直杆单元模型及分层壳单元模型,对不同轴压比的三片剪力墙构件模型与一个14层筒中筒结构模型进行了计算分析,并与实验结果作了比较.结果表明:改进多竖直杆单元模型在所有情况下均可取得较好结果,是适用性较强的剪力墙非线性单元模型;多层壳单元模型... 相似文献
190.
研究具有紧支集且在支集内连续的二元函数沿上半圆曲线的Radon变换反演问题。基于对投影函数的Fourier变换,反演问题可以归结为具有弱奇性及震荡核的Abel积分方程的求解。我们证明了当圆曲线中心及半径在一定范围内变化时,在已知沿上半圆曲线的Radon变换情况下,这个积分方程的解具有唯一性,并给出了消除Abel积分方程弱奇性的数值方法。在考虑投影数据噪声的情况下,给出了多次加权改善系数矩阵条件数稳定的数值方法,并通过数值模拟验证所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献