Huff模型支持下的基础教育资源分布分析

在回顾国内外教育资源空间可达性研究的基础上,以广东省深圳市为例,以小学为分析单元,利用Huff模型进行各小学的学位压力研究。并将Huff模型与重力模型、距离模型进行比较。实验结果为,深圳的小学的学位压力主要集中在0.5~1.4范围,其中,有81所学校的学位压力为0.5~0.75,178所学校为0.75~1.25之间,大于1.25的有39所学校。学位压力大于1.25的学校,集中分布在福田区,其他街道中存在个别的学校学位压力偏大。结果表明Huff比其他模型好。为学校的空间布局提供合理化建议。     

E-monitoring the nature of water

ABSTRACT

The critical need for hydrological observations in support of water resources management, particularly during extreme events, has transformed traditional methods of hydrological data management. This transformation has given rise to a framework of e-monitoring the hydrological cycle, the aim of which is to improve understanding of the nature of water. New trends in data science, coupled with increasing technological evolution, make the new generation of data systems more agile and responsive to the needs and expectations for efficient and effective data sharing and service delivery. The WMO Hydrological Observing System was designed around the integration of observations, data exchange, research, data processing, modelling and forecasting, in such a way that societal needs for disaster risk reduction, improved sustainability of environmental resources, climate resilience and economic growth can be effectively met. With its implementation of conceptual functionalities for sustainable data management, the WHOS operational architecture is hydrology’s system for the future.     

GATEKEEPERS AND KEYMASTERS: DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIPS OF ACCESS IN GEOGRAPHICAL FIELDWORK*

ABSTRACT. This article contributes to a recent and growing body of literature exploring the nature of fieldwork in human geography. Specifically, we critically examine the role of gatekeepers in providing access to “the field,” based on existing conceptualizations of gatekeepers in the literature and on our own experiences with gatekeepers. We argue that the concept of gatekeepers has been oversimplified, in that relationships between researchers and gatekeepers are often assumed to be unidirectional—with gatekeepers controlling or providing access by researchers—and predominantly static in form and time. Although we accept the necessity and advantages of working through gatekeepers, our experiences suggest that relationships with them are highly complex and evolve over time, with sometimes unexpected implications for research. In gathering and analyzing data, researchers become gatekeepers themselves, what we are calling “keymasters.” Reconceptualizing the gatekeeper‐researcher relationship will contribute to ongoing efforts to more fully understand field‐workers as undertaking a practice inherently political, personal, and linked to the production of knowledge.     

基于Web的XML Web Service的研究

Web服务基于XML的数据交换标准，提供企业将软件作为应用进行发布的网络计算体系，其他客户或用户都可通过Internet访问该在线服务，真正的使企业只面向核心的商务逻辑。本文重点研究了Web服务的核心思想及应用，体系结构，工作流程，从Web服务的创建、发布、到客户端的应用；还讨论了Web服务的安全机制、异步调用。随着微软的．net战略的实施，Web服务将带来第三代网络应用和服务软件的革命。     

Book reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Eric C. F. Bird, Coastal geomorphology: an introduction
Rex Walford, Geography in British schools 1850–2000
Carolyn Cartier, Globalizing South China
G. P. Chapman, The geopolitics of South Asia: from early empires to India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
N. Blomley, D. Delaney and R. Ford (eds.), The legal geographies reader     

(Un)consensual conversations: betweenness, 'material access', laughter and reflexivity in research

This article addresses the conversational (re)production of research relations, focusing on gender and sexuality in relation to responses, laughter and consensus in interviews. It discusses links to access as an on-going issue, and to wider issues connected to the production of knowledge.     

全国行业COD和TN污染物产强环境准入基准体系研究

围绕当前中国源头治理与产业转型升级之间脱节严重的突出问题,在编制行业小类污染源全覆盖且取值简便的产强系数等级划分表的基础上,构建全国行业小类农业、工业、服务业和生活源化学耗氧量(COD)和总氮(TN)污染物产强环境准入基准体系,并以青岛市为例,评价污染源产强环境准入基准的可靠性和准确性。通过聚类分组和归并,“全国产强列表手册”编列的3022个COD和1734个TN亚小类污染源归一化产强系数都可划分为13个等级。对于“全国产强列表手册”编列的321个COD和133个TN行业小类,产强准入基准等级构成有显著差异,分别有10和12个等级,其中不同等级占比分别是II-2和IV-6最高,V-9和VI-12最低。根据产强系数检验性监测结果按从严标定准入基准表明,对于青岛市254个COD和109个TN行业小类,产强准入基准构成与全国有所不同,分别有10和11个等级,其中分别有77和14个低于全国准入基准等级。根据青岛市陆源COD和TN产污数量比较分析表明,分级比分类产强核算结果平均相差约6%,远远低于产强系数检验性监测偏差(49%)和13等级产强等级内变幅(39%)。这说明,在按“全国行业小类COD和TN污染物产强环境准入基准体系”建立完善中国污染源产强环境准入制度中,不仅按产污数量分级产强核算结果具有相当的准确性,而且按从严标定准入基准的原则也具有相当的可靠性。     

基于SOAP的分布式通信策略研究与实现

在研究SOAP通讯原理的基础上,分析了SOAP完成通信功能所需要的主要功能模块,研究了SOAP通信功能的执行效率,由此设计出相应模块以实现分布式通信策略,提高了软件的可复用性和可移植性.实现了异构网络环境下异构平台间的互操作,使分布式资源得到更广泛的利用.     

土地资源体多级变粒度空间数据管理方法

结合资源体的概念和土地要素功能提出了土地资源体概念,将土地资源数据对象组织成土地利用资源体、土地权属资源体等不同类型的土地资源体。在土地资源体对象基础上,结合具体的土地资源管理业务需要,提出了土地资源体多级变粒度数据组织管理模式,对土地资源体横向按资源体、图库、图层集合、图层和地物等不同资源授权粒度,纵向按多级区域层次管理的方式进行管理。国家、省、市级别的土地资源管理以县为基本单位,以区域特征管理国家、省、市、县等逻辑关系,县级的土地资源时空数据按资源体、图库、图层集合、图层和地物等不同资源授权粒度来对数据进行管理。在具体的土地资源管理和业务实施时,可以根据实际的需要对位于不同位置、不同层次、不同资源体类型的土地资源体进行动态组合。