Tectono-magmatic evolution of sheeted plutonic bodies along the north Giudicarie line (northern Italy)

Tectonized slices of foliated quartz-diorite/ quartz-gabbro rocks are exposed along the north Giudicarie line between Dimaro and Rumo (Western Trentino region, north-east Italy). They show geochemical and mineralogical similarities with the north-east corner of the Adamello batholith (Presanella pluton) and may be regarded as a northern apophysis lamella of Adamello. The intrusive bodies were emplaced within the Adria crust at a relatively shallow depth (approximately equal to 3 kbar) along a proto-Giudicarie line under transtensive conditions during late Oligocene. Only near Rumo has contact metamorphism on the Austroalpine basement been observed, whereas in other outcrops it has been tectonically removed by later movements along the Giudicarie line. In the Samoclevolamella a magmatic flow texture, which developed during the emplacement of a crystal mush at shallow depth, is recorded by the preferred alignment of plagioclase and hornblende. A solid state foliation, outlined by quartz crystal aggregates, green hornblende and biotite, has been observed mostly in the Rumolamella. This indicates that a later ductile deformation, which developed under decreasing temperatures, overprinted the intrusive rocks. This deformation probably reflects late Oligocene strike-slip movements along the Tonale and Giudicarie lines. Finally semi-brittle to brittle deformation overprints the foliated igneouslamellae producing cataclasites and pseudotachylites. Sometimes these structures are subsequently cut by prehnite and epidote bearing veins. During this event, the intrusivelamellae were decoupled from their contact aureole and carried over the Insubric Flysch of the southern Alps. This last tectonic phase may be correlated to the Upper Miocene neo-Alpine transpressive event along the Giudicarie Line. Correspondence to: S. Martin     

Capacity evaluation of statnamic tested long piles

A procedure that uses the structural damping (SD) concept for estimating the capacity of a pile based on the Statnamic (STN) pile load test results, formerly used by the authors for short piles, is extended in this paper for the STN tested long piles. Similar to segmental unloading point method procedures for long piles, the shaft length is divided into several segments and each segment is assumed to behave as a mass of a single degree of freedom. The SD concept is then applied to each segment to consider the displacement related soil damping instead of the velocity dependent damping. Instrumented strain gauge data at different levels of the shaft are required for the interpretation method. Three case studies are presented in this paper to study the validity and applicability of the present method. The predicted results are also compared to the available test or analytical data.     

基于QTM的线状图形自动化简算法探讨

全球网格是由形成地球表面剖分的一系列区域所组成,八面体四分三角网(QTM)是其中一种具有层次性的网格。本文依据数据点在规则网格中的分布规律,提出了一种在QTM数据结构支持下的线状图形化简算法。该算法以经过每级QTM网格的数据点的平均值为标准,能自动地对比较平缓的线段进行较粗选点,而对相对复杂的线段进行较密选点。本文以及Dutton算法都能克服DouglasPeucker算法中难以客观和合理确定阈值的困难,但是本算法比Dutton算法简单,且具有更高的化简率,能更好地保留了线状图形的弯曲特征。     

两系杂交稻制种的气候适应性研究

研究两系杂交稻的首要不育系———培矮64S制种的气候适应性, 一方面可为两系杂交稻的生产提供决策参考, 另一方面也可为其它不育系的研究提供借鉴。分析气候适应性时, 首先利用播种—抽穗天数及其对应的气象资料, 建立发育期模型; 然后利用自交结实率资料及其对应的气象资料建立育性量化模型, 并求出育性转换的光温指标; 最后将我国稻区35个站点42年 (1951~1992年) 的气象资料代入发育期模型, 求出各站点的可能出穗持续期 (最早出穗期—最晚出穗期的历期), 对比育性转换的光温指标, 确定培矮64S在80%、90%和95%保证率下连续不育 (可育) 的初、终日, 将连续不育期作为生产杂交稻种子的季节, 将连续可育期作为繁殖培矮64S的季节。结果显示:培矮64S仅能在海南岛及云贵高原中低海拔地区自交繁殖; 而在东北、云贵高原以外的稻区, 培矮64S均可用于生产两系杂交稻的种子, 各稻区制种季节的长短、起止日期与种植地的纬度、海拔高度相关。     

ROOF BOUNDARY EXTRACTION USING MULTIPLE IMAGES

Urban area building extraction is one of the most challenging problems in photogrammetry. Well-extracted buildings are needed for a variety of applications, such as cartography, building GIS databases for cities, and urban planning. This paper presents a new technique to extract 3D building wire-frames using a robust multi-image line-matching algorithm. Although one pair of images is adequate to find the 3D position of two visibly corresponding image features, it is not sufficient to solve the general building extraction problem due to obscured parts in the building. Four images are used in this research to extract the building wire-frames. First the images are segmented into regions. Regions are then classified into roof regions and non-roof regions based on their size, shape, and intensity values. The roof region boundary pixels are located and used to find the region perimeters. Region correspondence is solved in a pair-wise mode over all images using the epipolar constraint, region size, region shape, and region intensity values. Image lines within the corresponding regions are matched over all images simultaneously by first creating a plane for each region line. Planes are then intersected simultaneously and geometric consistency is used to determine acceptance or rejection. Results with high overlap and sidelap aerial images are presented and evaluated. The results show the completeness and accuracy that this method can provide for extracting complex urban buildings. The average coordinate accuracy is about 0·8 m using 1:4000 scale aerial photographs scanned at 30 μ m. Six buildings were examined; the line detection rate is 98%.     

城市规划区中的转角直线定线方法

本文介绍如何解决城市规划区域内转角无法定立或转角前后互不通视地段的定线工作，该方法是在间接定线方法基础上采用解析法计算出直线桩及转角桩的放样元素来解决定线工作。提高了平断面图的施测精度，满足了规划部门的要求，取到了较好的经济效益，大大地加快了线路的定线工作。     

测量监理在城市地下管线施工中的作用

本文主要介绍了为建立健全地下管线数据库，从而在城市地下管线施工过程中进行测量监理的作用及其重要性。     

提高卫星三线阵CCD影像空中三角测量精度及摄影测量覆盖效能

利用数字模拟方法,进一步探讨了类似MOMS-02参数的卫星三线阵CCD影像单航线、航线首末4角隅设一个控制点(以下简写为单航线4控点)的空中三角测量高程精度低的问题。研究得出,宽高比特别小(1:9)只是原因之一,更主要的因素还在于平差整过程数学关系带有近似性(包括EFP法和定向片法)。提出了改善精度的措施,并拟订了提高卫星三线阵CCD影像空中三角测量精度及摄影测量覆盖效能的系统。模拟计算表明,航线长度可以≥2B,在有外方位元素或无外方位元素少量控制点条件下,不论二线交会区,还是三线交会区均可达到高程精度为6m的摄影测量成果。     

低压供电系统接地制式的分类

我国制定的建筑物内电气装置安全性能标准已经与国际电工委员会(1EC)制定的标准相一致，简要介绍了IEC标准中关于供电系统的接地形式和分类。正确理解低压供电系统接地形式的分类和规定的相关术语，对山西省以后大规模的防雷检测和防雷工程施工有极大的帮助。     

水平非均匀层结大气中重力波的时空结构

用WKBJ方法结合特征线法求得了重力波波包在水平非均匀层结和时变层结大气中演变的渐近解，结果表明层结水平非均匀性除引起重力波波幅的变化外，还引起波长和包络宽度的变化，当波包由层结大值区移向层结小值区时，水平波长变短，包络宽度变窄，同时振幅增加。层结随时间的变化不会引起波包波长和包络的宽度的变化，但层结随时间减小时，波包振幅增加。