全文获取类型
收费全文 | 317篇 |
免费 | 41篇 |
国内免费 | 67篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 7篇 |
大气科学 | 7篇 |
地球物理 | 71篇 |
地质学 | 116篇 |
海洋学 | 166篇 |
天文学 | 15篇 |
综合类 | 32篇 |
自然地理 | 11篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 18篇 |
2013年 | 18篇 |
2012年 | 16篇 |
2011年 | 18篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 14篇 |
2008年 | 24篇 |
2007年 | 19篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有425条查询结果,搜索用时 781 毫秒
211.
The population biology of the wedge shell Macomona liliana (Iredale, 1915) was studied at six sites on intertidal sandflats in Manukau Harbour over 2 years. Differences were found in the densities of bivalves between sites, and at each site large seasonal fluctuations in densities were also observed. Within‐site density fluctuations were mainly the result of changes in the numbers of juveniles (< 5 mm long). Length‐frequency distributions were dominated by a single mode associated with new recruits. The only major inter‐site difference was the scarcity of large bivalves at one site. Recruitment to the macrobenthos occurred over an extended period (summer to late winter or spring), but with markedly different levels of recruitment in the two successive years. Length‐frequency plots indicated that growth in the first year was 2–3 mm. The possible involvement of hydrodynamics, inter‐ and intraspecific interactions, and pollution on recruitment, and the importance of mortality and migration to post‐settlement survival are discussed. 相似文献
212.
采用完全双列杂交配组方法,以三元杂交菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)壳色品系两道红白斑马(TrWz)和红白斑马(OWz)为材料,进行了2种壳色蛤仔品系间的聚合杂交研究。结果表明,浮游期间杂交组幼虫表现出微弱的的生长优势及一定程度的存活劣势;中间育成期间稚贝表现出微弱的生长劣势及明显的存活优势。三元杂交自交组两道红白斑马子代均出现了壳色分离现象,而红白斑马子代均为白斑马,且壳面花纹颜色为红色;正反交组子代均表现为两道红白斑马,其壳色表达具有显著的母本效应;但其壳色表现呈现出非伴性遗传。 相似文献
213.
214.
During the early Pliocene, subaqueous delta‐scale clinoforms developed in the Águilas Basin, in a mixed temperate carbonate–siliciclastic system. The facies distribution is consistent with the infralittoral prograding wedge model. Stacking patterns and bounding surfaces indicate that the clinoforms formed during the highstand and falling sea‐level stages of a high rank cycle. Twenty‐two prograding clinothems were recognized over a distance of ≥1 km. Biostratigraphic data indicate a time span shorter than 700 kyr for the whole unit (MPl3 biozone of the Mediterranean Pliocene). Cyclic skeletal concentrations and occasional biostromes of suspension feeders (terebratulid brachiopods, modiolid bivalves and adeoniform bryozoan colonies), slightly evolved glauconite and occasional Glossifungites ichnofacies formed on the clinoforms during high‐frequency pulses of relative sea‐level rise. During such stages, increased accommodation space in the topsets of the clinoforms caused a strong reduction of terrigenous input into the foresets and bottomsets. This provided favourable conditions for the development of these suspension feeder palaeocommunities. During stillstand stages, however, reduced accommodation space in the topsets eventually resumed progradation in the foresets. There, the abundance of Ditrupa tubes indicates frequent siltation events that extirpated the terebratulid populations and other epifaunal suspension feeders in the foreset and bottomset subenvironments. The occurrence of shell beds on the clinoforms suggests that this case study represents lower progradation rates than standard examples where shell beds bound the clinobedded units at their base and top only. Importantly, the distributions of biofacies and ichnoassemblage associations contribute significantly to the understanding of the effects of relative sea‐level fluctuations on the evolution of subaqueous delta‐scale clinoform systems. 相似文献
215.
蛇绿岩型铬铁矿床包壳纯橄榄岩中的流体过程印记:来自西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带罗布莎和泽当岩体的地质学、岩石学和橄榄石晶体化学证据 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
岩浆型矿床一般认为是岩浆分异的产物,因为这类矿床通常缺乏强烈的近矿围岩蚀变。蛇绿岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿被认为是一种典型的岩浆型矿床,流行的成因模型包括岩浆通道模型和熔体-岩石反应模型。深部晶体群的大量发现,表明铬铁矿成矿系统不是一种理想系统,而是至少由两类子系统组成的复杂性动力系统。因此,流行模型不再适用,必须构建能够整合新证据的成因模型。这类矿床的典型地质特征是具有从方辉橄榄岩围岩经包壳纯橄榄岩到铬铁矿石的分带,且包壳纯橄榄岩与铬铁矿之间为渐变接触关系,包壳纯橄榄岩与方辉橄榄岩之间既可以为渐变接触关系,也可以为截然接触关系或侵入接触关系。因此,阐明纯橄榄岩的成因是理解豆荚状铬铁矿形成机制的关键。西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中罗布莎和泽当两个代表性超镁铁质杂岩体的新观察揭示:(1)包壳纯橄榄岩的出露宽度变化于厘米级到百米级,但岩石具有均匀的细粒结构,流行模型难以解释;(2)包壳纯橄榄岩可以划分为至少两种构造类型:块状纯橄榄岩和片理化纯橄榄岩,暗示了纯橄榄岩形成过程的多阶段特点;(3)包壳纯橄榄岩主要由变晶橄榄石组成,仅含有少量由熔体或流体析出的橄榄石晶体;(4)与方辉橄榄岩相比,包壳纯橄榄岩中的橄榄石具有高MgO、Cr2O3、CaO和低MnO、Al2O3的特点,展示了矛盾的晶体化学特征;(5)邻近铬铁矿体的纯橄榄岩中常见反豆状结构,类似于多相稀释流体流体制中紊流产生的中尺度结构。上述看似矛盾的证据表明包壳纯橄榄岩的形成过程有大量深部流体的参与,因而流体过程可以作为构建一个新的整合模型的基础。据此,文中提出一个熔体-流体流模型,其基本机制是溶解-沉淀反应Opx+Fluid→Ol±Sp±Cpx±Pl±SiO2(fluid),而基本前提则是深部还原流体的持续供给和熔体-流体流的快速上升。此外,文中还表明,依据火成岩地质学、岩石学和名义无水矿物晶体化学证据也可以再造岩浆系统的流体过程。 相似文献
216.
T. D.?Archer S. E. A.?Birse M. T.?Dove S. A. T.?RedfernEmail author J. D.?Gale R. T.?Cygan 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2003,30(7):416-424
An empirical model for investigating the behaviour of CaCO3 polymorphs incorporating a shell model for oxygen has been created. The model was constructed by fitting to: the structure of aragonite and calcite; their elastic, static and high-frequency dielectric constants; phonon frequencies at the wave vectors [&frac; 0 2] and [0 0 0] of calcite; and vibrational frequencies of the carbonate deformation modes of calcite. The high-pressure phase transition between calcite I and II is observed. The potentials for the CO3 group were transferred to other carbonates, by refitting the interaction between CO3 and the cation to both the experimental structures and their bulk modulus, creating a set of potentials for calculating the properties of a wide range of carbonate materials. Defect energies of substitutional cation defects were analyzed for calcite and aragonite phases. The results were rationalized by studying the structure of calcite and aragonite in greater detail. 相似文献
217.
218.
Simplified design methods for obtaining the maximum strain in pipelines crossing active faults proposed by Newmark, Kennedy and Wang have not considered the section deformation of the pipe. In this study, a new simplified method is developed for obtaining the maximum strain in steel pipes crossing faults considering non‐linearity of material and geometry of pipe section. It is assumed that the pipe will bend near the fault and the geometry of pipe in the longitudinal direction will change according to a bent deformation. On the other hand, the relation between maximum strain and bent angle has been obtained using a beam–shell hybrid FEM for different pipe‐fault conditions. The developed method can be used for calculating the maximum strains for fault‐crossing steel pipes with different angles of crossing both in tension and compression, by considering the deformation of the pipe cross‐section. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
219.
南大西洋地磁异常区的辐射环境与低轨卫星粒子辐射通量计算 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用国际地磁参考场模型IGRF90,分析了南大西洋异常(SAA)区磁场变化的特征,计算了低轨卫星轨道积分粒子辐射通量及其随年代的变化。结果表明,在SAA上空,同一高度上的磁场随时间的推移而减弱,粒子辐射通量随时间的推移而增加.对不同高度的卫星,轨道积分粒子辐射通量随年代的变化相差很大,低轨(<1000km)卫星的变化明显,而>1000km时变化很小.粒子辐射通量随时间变化的主要原因是SAA区的磁壳结构畸变和“移动”,因此,计算不同年代的轨道粒子辐射通量,应使用同年代的磁场模型。近期卫星测量结果表明,这一论断与观测相符。本文提供的计算轨道积分粒子通量方法,结果的可靠性较高,对卫星的合理设计,载人飞船的辐射防护以及卫星的正常运行都有重要参考价值。 相似文献
220.
基于ABAQUS有限元分析,研究了单层连方型球面网壳结构在90种工况下的3种失效模式:弱支承结构失效模式、强支承结构失效模式和中等支承结构失效模式。不同失效模式下结构所能承受的极限加速度有较大差别。结构处于弱支承或强支承状态时失效极限荷载较低,处于中等支承时失效荷载较高;在由弱或强支承向中等支承过渡的区间,结构的失效荷载呈现逐渐增加的趋势。当上下部结构刚度比较匹配时,二者才能充分发挥抗震性能,同时结构的极限承载力也会相对较高。下支承柱刚度是影响结构失效模式和极限荷载的主要因素之一,研究结果表明,随着支承刚度的增加,结构极限荷载呈先增加后减小的趋势。随着屋面等效荷载的增加,结构的极限承载力将会降低,在地震中更容易发生破坏。 相似文献