Genetic variation in two sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus） stocks revealed by ISSR markers

Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus samples were collected in Changdao, Penglai (PL), 27 individuals, and Lingshandao, Qingdao (QD), 30 individuals, in the Shandong Peninsula, China. Ten SSR primers were used to assess the genetic variation and relationship between and within the two stocks. Respectively, for each stock, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 85.2% and 86.9%; the gene diver- sity was 0.360 5 and 0.342 8; and the Shannon’s information index was 0.515 0 and 0.499 0. At species level, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 92.2%, the total gene diversity was 0.378 9 and the Shannon’s information index was 0.550 4. The coefficient of overall genetic differentiation and the ge- netic distances between the stocks were also calculated to be 0.073 0 and 0.079 6 using the POPGENE program. Results show that the genetic diversity of the two stocks is still large but the genetic distance between the two stocks is close. A dendrogram was constructed for the 57 individuals from the two stocks, showing that the genetic structure was unitary for PL stock but complex for QD stock.     

Selection of Yarrowia lipolytica Strains with High Protein Content from Yeasts Isolated from Different Marine Environments

A total of 78 Yarrowia lipolytica yeast strains from seawater, sediments, mud of salterns, the guts of marine fish, and marine algae were obtained. After the crude protein of the yeasts was estimated by the method of Kjehldahl, we found that seven strains of the marine yeasts grown in soy bean cake hydrolysate with 20 g L-1 of glucose for 48 h at 28℃ contained more than 41.0 g protein per 100 g of cell dry weight and the cell dry weight was more than 4.4 g per L of the culture. Among them, strain SWJ-1b contained the highest crude protein. The results of Biolog identification and molecular methods further confirmed that they indeed belonged to Y. lipolytica.     

洪湖微齿眼子菜种群遗传多样性研究

采用RAPD方法研究了洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传多样性,并初步探讨了它的遗传结构及影响因素。在97个RAPD标记中有28条(28.87%)是多态性标记,Shannon信息多样性指数分析表明该种群总的遗传多样性为0.193,说明洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传多样性水平较低。研究发现距离和种群发展历史对洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传结构有重要影响。     

ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASTASIA LONGA AND EUGLENA GRACILIS BY USING RAPD TECHNIQUE AND CLADISTIC ANALYSIS

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Stark Broadening Data for Stellar Plasma Research

Results of an effort to provide to astrophysicists and physicists a set of Stark broadening parameters that is as complete as possible are presented. Such parameters are needed for stellar opacity calculations, stellar atmosphere modelling, abundance determinations, and diagnostics of various plasmas in astrophysics, physics, and plasma technology. The Stark broadening was treated using a semiclassical perturbation and modified semiempirical approaches.     

Analysis of Microbial Molecular Ecology Techniques in Constructed Rapid Infiltration System

The microbial molecular ecology techniques,which were developed on the basis of molecular,were applied in studying the bacteria in Constructed Rapid Infiltration(CRI) system.These techniques are very efficient in better describing the bacterial diversity,microbial community distribution,and relations between microbial group structure and nitrogen contamination through the analysis of microbial nucleic acid sequence fragment in CRI.The results further revealed the removal mechanism of contamination,which is ...     

湘西北张家界地区早寒武世牛蹄塘组黑色岩系镍钼矿层生物标志物的特征

以湖南张家界天门山地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组底部的黑色页岩镍钼矿层为研究对象,对其进行了生物标志化合物特征的分析。发现该矿层的正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃、萜类化合物和甾类化合物具有以下特征：①正构烷烃OEP(奇偶优势)接近1.0,无明显奇偶优势;(nC21+nC22)/(nC28+nC29)比值为0.7~10.4,平均为6.16,显示轻烃组分占绝对优势;样品富含姥鲛烷(Pr)和植烷(Ph),比值平均为0.26,具有植烷优势。②萜烷相对丰度三环萜烷>五环三萜烷>四环萜烷;三环萜烷中C21、C23、C24呈倒V字形分布;C24四环萜与相邻C26三环萜比值为0.50;Ts/(Tm +Ts)比值在0.40~0.43之间,平均为0.42;γ-蜡烷指数介于0.10~0.17之间,平均值为0.13。③规则甾烷呈不对称的 V字形分布,表现为C27>C29>C28的分布特征;C27规则甾烷/C29规则甾烷平均比值为1.46(>1);检测出一定丰度的4-甲基甾烷。这些特征共同指示了张家界地区早寒武世黑色岩系形成于菌藻类(蓝绿藻、甲藻等)和低等浮游生物大量繁殖的浅海还原环境。     

Phylogenetic diversity of Type I polyketide synthase genes from sediments of Ardley Island in Antarctica

The diversity of modular polyketide synthase (PKS) genes in sediments of Ardley Island in Antarctica, was studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of 14 amino acid (AA) sequences indicates that the identified ketosynthase (KS) domains were clustered with those from diverse bacterial groups, including Cyanobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and some unidentified microorganisms from marine sponge, bryozoan and other environmental samples. The obtained KS domains showed 43%-81% similarity at the AA level to reference sequences in GenBank. Six identified KS domains showed diverse sequences of the motif (VQTACSTS) that was used to identify the hybrid PKS/nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) enzyme complex, and formed a new branch. These results reveal a high diversity and novelty of PKS genes in antarctic sediments.     

Phylogenetic diversity of TypeⅠpolyketide synthase genes from sediments of Ardley Island in Antarctica

The diversity of modular polyketide synthase (PKS) genes in sediments of Ardley Island in Antarctica, was studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of 14 amino acid (AA) sequences indicates that the identified ketosynthase (KS) domains were clustered with those from diverse bacterial groups, including Cyanobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and some unidentified microorganisms from marine sponge, bryozoan and other environmental samples. ...     

Biofilm: A crucial factor affecting the settlement of seaweed on intertidal rocky surfaces

We hypothesized that the presence of biofilm accelerated the settlement of dominant seaweed species and maintained high levels of species richness by regulating the blooming of particular species on an intertidal rocky shore. The coverage and species richness of macroalgae on sterile and cleared substrates (225 cm²) were measured to investigate the effects of biofilm on the settlement of macroalgae in intertidal zones at Noryang, Songmoon, and Sangnam in Gawngyang Bay on the southern coast of the Korean peninsula. Green algae coverage on cleared substrates was significantly higher than that on sterile substrates at both Noryang and Songmoon during the study period. This suggests that the presence of biofilm enhances the settlement of green algae by providing various habitat structures and, consequently, may lead to serious ‘green tide’ events. However, the coverage of algae other than green algae and algal species richness on cleared substrates remained high at Sangnam during the experimental period. Biofilm facilitated the settlement of macroalgae and inhibited the blooming of specific algae by inducing inter-specific space competition. Therefore, biofilm plays an important role on seaweed assemblages on intertidal rocky shores by accelerating the settlement of seaweed.