公路桥梁地震易损性和震后恢复过程

采用专家调查的方式,统计的我国各种主要公路桥梁在不同烈度的地震发生后可能遭受的结构破坏和功能损失,以及地震发生后所需要的恢复时间。通过分析,给出了大、中、小种规模的斜拉、悬索、板梁式和拱式桥梁的结构破坏概率矩阵、设施损失率、功能损失率分布、损失功能恢复所需要的时间和桥梁在遭受破坏期间所损失的工作日数,并将研究结果与唐山地震之后的实际调查结果进行了对比,得到了一些有益的结果。     

Seismic Wave Propagation and Excitation in Multi-layered Media with Irregular Interfaces Part (Ⅰ): SH Case

Study of seismic wave excitation and propagation in laterally heterogeneous media was an active and important subject in seismology in the past two decades, numerous analytical and numerical efforts have been made in this research field. In this article, I have, first, made a brief review on those developments and then introduced and summarized a unified and efficient method, global generalized reflection-transmission (abbreviated to R/T thereafter) matrices method, for synthetic seismograms in multi-layered media with irregular interfaces developed by the author [24~26]. As demonstrated in this article, this method could be regarded as an extension of the generalized R/T coefficients method for the horizontally layered case [2,5] to the layered media with irregularly shaped interfaces by incorporating the T matrices technique [27,28]. Because of the use of a recursive scheme in computing the global generalized R/T matrices, this method is efficient, particularly for the case with a large number of irre     

地层格架正则化约束下的二维立体层析反演

通过把地层格架信息作用于立体层析Fréchet导数矩阵,使得更新后的速度模型呈现出符合地质规律的块状特征.地层格架信息基于立体层析反演中得到的反射点位置进行非规则B样条插值拟合得到,因此在反演中它将会随着反射点位置的更新自然得到更新.与前人提出的保边缘层析算法或多层立体层析算法相比,本文提出的地层格架正则化无需引入混合正则化项或定义某种复杂的混合速度格式,更为直接也更容易实现.理论和实际数据算例证实了该正则化技巧的稳健性和可靠性,能够得到与实际地质构造特征更为一致的地质一致性反演结果.

     

介质密度反演偏导矩阵的精确计算方法

实现反演偏导矩阵的计算是基于导数最优化反演方法的关键,然而目前的地震反演几乎都是基于Zoeppritz方程近似实现的,使计算精度和适应范围受到限制.本文利用Zoeppritz方程建立了反射系数对地层介质密度比偏导方程,导出了Zoeppritz方程矩阵元对介质密度比的导数.通过求解偏导方程获得了反射系数对介质密度比偏导数的精确计算(考虑了速度中含介质密度的问题).利用数值算例分析了反射系数对介质密度比偏导数的变化特点.本文采用直接解法求解偏导矩阵方程组,获得了快的计算速度和高的计算精度,为实现地层介质密度反演(包括大角度反演)提供了偏导矩阵的计算方法.     

多肢剪力墙自振频率传递矩阵法简化计算

基于连续体系模型与传递矩阵法的结合,提出了一种简化方法来计算多肢剪力墙的动力特性。整个结构体系等效模拟为一个夹层结构梁;建立了相应的基本微分方程;通过求解微分方程得到了楼层间变形函数;利用边界条件及层间变形函数导出了层间传递矩阵;据此计算出了体系的振型与自振频率。算例分析表明本文方法计算结果与文献给出的解是比较吻合的。     

A new method for spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslide

1 Introduction The landslides influences on the human society have become an environment difficult problem not able to be neglected, and according to the priority of harms, harms of landslides are only smaller than those from earthquakes in all sorts of natural hazards[1]. Landslide is part of rock mass, soil mass or their compound mass slides downward along a certain slid- ing surface under the actions of inner and external dy- namics, and it is one severe instability phenomenon of rock and s…     

中(下)承式拱桥吊杆静张力分析方法的改进

在中(下)承式拱桥的有限元模型中,引入了由于施工中吊杆长度调整而产生的几何刚度矩阵,用一阶矩阵摄动理论,导出了相应的吊杆系静张力分析的相关公式。对一实际中承式拱桥的数值计算分析表明,使用本方法可有效地提高中(下)承式拱桥的吊杆静张力分析的准确性。     

弹性各向异性介质岩石体波相速度计算

综述弹性波相速度计算的若干严格数值方法和近似解析方法,对数值算例及对不同方法作了比较.结果显示,不同数值方法得到结果一致,其适用于计算任意复杂各向异性介质岩石的相速度,但不便从物理意义的角度去分析物理参数对速度的影响;而近似解析解虽然精确程度各有不同,但是便于从物理意义的角度去进行速度分析,并在此基础上解析求取群速度这...     

Numerical simulation of ground acceleration spectra and accelerograms for engineering application

A numerical approach to the earthquake ground motion analysis is proposed for regions where no accelerograms are available. Using Haskell matrix techniques, the response spectra of a layered substratum for SV waves were calculated and then multiplied by the spectra corresponding to Brune's type pulses. The ground acceleration spectra were obtained for different angles of pulse incidence at the substratum base. The spectrum shape depends upon the substratum response and the pulse shape, while its level was related to the maximum ground acceleration corresponding to the expected maximum intensity. Transformation of the ground spectra into the time domain produced numerical accelerograms for horizontal and vertical components and for different angles of pulse incidence. Finally, a standard statistical procedure was applied to obtain the design response spectra used in engineering applications.