荧光分光光度法测定海洋生物中的谷胱甘肽

对应用荧光分光光度法测定海洋生物中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的方法进行了研究,并测定了分属于鱼、虾、贝、藻的10种海洋生物中谷胱甘肽的含量。利用邻苯二甲醛与GSH反应构成的荧光体系,在激发波长为365nm,发射波长为425nm的条件下,方法的回收率为99.22%~99.69%,变异系数为2.16%。应用此方法测得10种海洋生物中谷胱甘肽的含量为:红笛鲷(Lutjanussanguineus)0.399mg/g,银鲳(Pampusargenteus)0.352mg/g,大海鲢(Megalopscyrinoides)0.561mg/g,尖紫蛤(Sanguinolariaacuta)0.289mg/g,菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarun)0.287mg/g,墨吉对虾(Penaeusmerguiensis)0.892mg/g,凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)1.434mg/g,囊藻(Colpomeniasinu-ose)0.221mg/g,石莼(Ulvalactucal)0.727mg/g,马尾藻(Sargassummuticum)0.137mg/g。     

A NEW BIOGENIC SULFIDE CHEMICAL SENSOR FOR MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SURVEY

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＢｉｏｇｅｎｉｃｓｕｌｆｉｄｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｌｓｕｌｆａｔｅｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｎｄｉｃａｔｏｒｓｉｎａｎｏｘｉｃｍａｒｉｎｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓ,ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙｉｎｃｏｎｆｉｎｉｎｇｂａｙｓ,ｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓａｎｄａｑｕａｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｒ ｅａｓ.Ｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｏｆｉｔｓｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｕｓｕａｌｌｙｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｓｗｏｒｓｅｎｅｄｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ.…     

Effects of metals and sediment particle size on the species composition of the epifauna of Pinna bicolor near a lead smelter,Spencer Gulf,South Australia

Pinna bicolor (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) were transplanted between four sites near a lead smelter. The species composition of their epifauna (sessile and mobile) was examined in relation to characteristics of both sediments and seston at the sites. Seventy-two taxa were distinguished in the epifaunal community. Substantial differences were found in the short-term sensitivity of some of the species to concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in sediments and to sediment particle size. The short-term sensitivity of many species to metals or sediment particle size explained their long-term distribution pattern. Twenty-three taxa were identified as significantly characterizing the faunal differences. Of these, eleven (four molluscs, four bryozoans, two barnacles and one ascidian) were affected by both sediment metal concentration and particle size, and eight (four molluscs, one bryozoan, one polychaete, one hydroid and one barnacle) were affected by metal contamination but not particle size. Of all fauna examined, the Bryozoa were the most metal-sensitive. Four species, Smittina raigii (Bryozoa), Galeolaria sp. 1 (Polychaeta), Epopella simplex (Cirripedia) and Monia ione (Pelecypoda) were identified by their short- and long-term sensitivity to metal contamination, and absence of sensitivity to sediment particle size, as suitable species for monitoring the effects of metal contamination on the epifauna. The implications of the results for toxicity-testing are discussed.     

Polyclonal antibodies to light-harvesting CHL-protein of PSII (LHC II) in marine green algaeBryopsis corticulans

Polyc·lonal antibodies raised against LHC II isolated from SDS-solubilizedBryopsis corticulans thylakiod membranes by SDS-PAGE, were characterised by double immunodiffusion, Rocket immunoelectrophoresis and antigen-antibody crossed immunoelectro-phoresis assays showed the antibodies had strong cross-reaction with allB. corticulans LHC II components (even with those which were incubated in boiling water) and showed immunological cross-reactivity with LHC II polypeptides of spinach and the marine green algaCodium fragile. The results suggested that LHC II of different species had similar antigenic determinants and also conservation of amino acid sequences of the polypeptides during evolution, and that the antibodies could cross react with apoproteins of D₂ proteins (which contain P₆₈₀) fromB. corticulans, spinach andC. fragile, but not with apoproteins of P₇₀₀ Chl-proteins. Our results indicated some similarities in primary structure between LHC II of different species, and between LHC II and D₂ proteins of marine green algae and spinach. Our finding that D₂ and P₇₀₀ Chl-proteins are not immunologically related suggested that P₇₀₀ Chl-proteins and D₂ proteins pass through independent evolutionary pathways. Contribution No 1717 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, This subject was supported by the National Science Foundation of China.     

地球运动对海平面变化的控制——从地质系统论的观点分析海平面变化之主因

从地球运动的客观规律来看,地球气候发展的趋向是向冷的方向发展,这与大气由于CO_2的增加而引起的增温相矛盾。两者如起同等作用,则意味着海平面不会发生太大的变化。但是由于活动构造影响,使海岸带上升或下降,可使局部地方海平面有较大幅度的变化。因此,研究“地动”比研究“水动”似有更重要的意义。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Marine Resources of Kuwait: Their Role in the Development of Non-oil Resources . Fatimah H. Y. al -Abdul -Razzak Recollections of a Revolution: Geography as Spatial Science . Mark Billinge , Derek Gregory and Ron Martin Entre l'Eden et l'Utopie . Luc Bureau Developments in Political Geography . M. A. Busteed The Elements of Graphing Data . William S. Cleveland Rural Resource Management . Paul J. Cloke and Chris C. Park Third World Atlas . Ben Crow and Alan Thomas Exploitation, Conservation, Preservation: A Geographic Perspective on Natural Resource Use . Susan L. Cutter , Hilary Lambert Renwick, and William H. Renwick . Wine Regions of the Southern Hemisphere . Harm Jan de Blij Regional Development: Problems and Policies in Eastern and Western Europe . George Demko The Geographer at Work . Peter R. Gould Change in the Amazon Basin . John Hemming Geography Since the Second World War . R. J. Johnston and P. Claval Urbanization in China: Town and Countryside in a Developing Economy 1949–2000 A.D. , R. J. R. Kirkby Transport and Communications for Pacific Microstates: Issues in Organisation and Management . Christopher C. Kissling Fluvial Forms and Processes . David Knighton The Urban Millennium . Josef W. Konvitz Technological Transition in Cartography . Mark Stephen Monmonier Field Guide to Soils and the Environment: Applications of Soil Surveys . Gerald W. Olson Northern Australia: The Arenas of Life and Ecosystems on Half a Continent . Don Parkes A Killing Rain: The Global Threat of Acid Rain . Thomas Pawlick From the Family Farm to Agribusiness: The Irrigation Crusade in California and the West, 1850–1931 . Donald J. Pisani Hybrid Maize Diffusion in Kenya . Franz -Michael Rundquist Warning and Response to the Mount St. Helens Eruption . Thomas F. Saarinen and James L. Sell Coastal Geomorphology in Australia . B. G. Thom Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East , 2nd ed . T. C. Whitmore The Dark Side of the Earth . Robert Muir Wood Categorical Data Analysis for Geographers and Environmental Scientists , Neil Wrigley     

Comparison of the dynamic response of a saturated soil between two models

The dynamic response of marine sediment to ocean surface waves is treated extremely by marine geotechnical and coastal engineers. In the area of conventional hydrodynamics, the assumption of im-permeable rigid seabed has been used as the boundary of water waves theories and the waves parameters de-duced from the theory have not referred to the interac-tion of water waves and seabed. In the area of soil mechanics, many engineers regard the response as slow loading according to the Zienkewiczs[1…     

国际海洋新秩序及其对我国海洋经济的影响

国际海洋新秩序的形成以<联合国海洋法公约>的生效为标志.<公约>不仅赋予了沿海国对200 n mile专属经济区的主权权利等海洋权益,带来国际海洋形势的新趋势,而且会对我国海洋经济产生重要影响.<公约>的生效一方面促进了我国海洋法律的建设进程,扩大了海洋管辖;另一方面又使我国海洋经济权益受到新的威胁.专属经济区制度对我国海洋渔业生产和管理也将产生重要影响.     

海岛礁及周边复杂环境动态三维建模

对海岛礁及周边包括海浪、潮汐、潮流、温度等在内的复杂环境要素及其特点进行了分析。针对海洋复杂要素的特点,提出了适用于海洋高动态的面向可细分对象的时空数据模型,能够有效地对高动态及交互性较强的对象进行建模。以舟山群岛附近海域为例,对海岛礁及周边复杂环境进行了动态三维建模,并在Geoglobe等平台上进行了验证。实验表明,该模型对海岛礁及周边复杂环境建模有较好的实用性。