Results of an Intentional Introduction of Artemia sinica in the High-Altitude Tibetan Lake Dangxiong Co:On a Base of Surveys in 2011 and 2013

正1 Introduction The human population is projected to reach 9200million by 2050.A fundamental question for science is whether it is possible to increase food production to meet the demands of a human population of that magnitude.It’s possible only to increase an aquaculture production.Cultivation of fish/shrimp larvae is a bottleneck in a cultivation of the different organisms.Live food     

土霉素在凡纳滨对虾肌肉组织中残留情况的研究

以凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei为研究对象,研究土霉素在凡纳滨对虾生物体内的代谢规律。在24—30℃水温中,将土霉素添加到饲料中,以每天喂养土霉素100mg.kg-1的剂量,连续喂养10d,停药后每隔一定时间抽样检测土霉素残留量,同时作不加药喂养对比试验,测定并分析凡纳滨对虾组织中土霉素的残留量。实验结果表明,停止喂养土霉素10d后,虾肉中土霉素残留量只有66.78μg.kg-1,低于我国现行无公害食品行业标准和联合国粮农组织的安全限量要求,可供人安全食用。     

Effects of sonication and advanced chemical oxidants on the unicellular green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta and cysts, larvae and adults of the brine shrimp Artemia salina: a prospective treatment to eradicate invasive organisms from ballast water

Uptake and release of ship-borne ballast water is a major factor contributing to introductions of aquatic phytoplankton and invasive macroinvertebrates. Some invasive unicellular algae can cause harmful algal blooms and produce toxins that build up in food chains. Moreover, to date, few studies have compared the efficacy of ballast water treatments against different life history phases of aquatic macroinvertebrates. In the present study, the unicellular green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta, and three discrete life history phases of the brine shrimp Artemia salina, were independently used as model organisms to study the efficacy of sonication as well as the advanced oxidants, hydrogen peroxide and ozone, as potential ballast water treatments. Algal cells and brine shrimp cysts, nauplii, and adults were subjected to individual and combined treatments of sonication and advanced oxidants. Combined rather than individual treatments consistently yielded the highest levels of mortality in algal cells (100% over a 2 min exposure) and in brine shrimp (100% and 95% for larvae and adults, respectively, over a 2 min exposure). In contrast, mortality levels in brine shrimp cysts (66% over 2 min; increased to 92% over a 20 min exposure) were moderately high but consistently lower than that detected for larval or adult shrimp. Our results indicate that a combination of sonication and advanced chemical oxidants may be a promising method to eradicate aquatic unicellular algae and macroinvertebrates in ballast water.     

对虾池塘养殖过程中纤毛虫的动态变化及改性粘土防控初探

纤毛虫是一类单细胞原生动物,部分类群是对虾池塘养殖过程中的病害生物。该研究跟踪了2020年7~10月凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)养殖过程中纤毛虫的动态变化情况,分析了多种环境因素对其动态变化的影响。通过现场喷洒,发现改性粘土对纤毛虫有一定的控制作用;故结合室内实验,探究了改性粘土对水体中纤毛虫的去除作用和机制。研究结果表明,虾池内纤毛虫及2~5 µm微微藻的密度变化呈现出一定的捕食-被捕食关系,后者可通过食物丰歉的方式上行控制纤毛虫;虾池水温为20~25 ℃时更易于纤毛虫生长;纤毛虫偏好较低盐度的环境。在养殖过程中使用改性粘土调控水质会在一定程度上降低水体中的纤毛虫的密度;进而通过室内实验初步探讨了改性粘土对水体中的纤毛虫的去除作用及机制,发现氧化复合改性的硫酸铝改性粘土(MC II)可有效去除纤毛虫,该研究将为对虾养殖过程中纤毛虫病害的防控工作提供参考。     

Dietary manganese requirement ofP. Vannamei

Graded levels of manganese were supplemented to a semi-purified diet containing 45% crude protein, to provide six levels of manganese (i. e. containing 5, 25, 50, 70, 140 and 210×10⁻⁶, respectively) for two experiments with these experimental diets. The initial weight of shrimp used in the 35–day experiment I was 0.30±0.04 g, and that in the 70–day Experiment II was more than one gram. The results showed that optimum content in the semi-purified diet for the more than 1 gram shrimp ranged from 70 ×10⁻⁶, to 140×10⁻⁶, but supplementation of Mn was not necessary for the small shrimp. Contribution No. 2673 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

珠海地区凡纳滨对虾淡水养殖池浮游植物群落的演替

对珠海凡纳滨对虾淡水养殖池塘浮游植物及其理化因子进行了调查和分析．结果表明：调查中共检出浮游植物143种．优势种主要有林氏藻、螺旋鱼腥藻、小颤藻、微囊藻和点状平裂藻等．物种多样性指数在0．24～2．77之间．优势度与多样性指数呈显著的负相关．相关系数r=-0．984；而均匀度与多样性指数呈显著的正相关．相关系数r=0．967．养殖后期优势度不高。浮游植物的密度及化学因子的浓度到后期都有所上升．藻类密度的剧烈变化会引起氨氮和硫化氢含量的变化；藻类密度的波动滞后于无机氮的波动。群落演替具有突发性、时间短、速度快等特点。     

对虾蛋白自溶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件优化

以凡纳滨对虾为原料,以ACE抑制率为指标,利用响应面法对虾肉蛋白自溶制备ACE抑制肽的工艺条件进行了优化,即在酶解条件(pH值、温度、虾头虾肉质量比)和ACE(Angiotensin I-converting Enzyme,ACE)抑制率之间建立了数学模型Y=23.59-0.21X1+0.84X2+0.85X3-0.71X12-0.94X22-1.06X32+0.088X1X2-0.46X1X3-0.87X2X3。分析表明,在3个因素中,虾头与虾肉比例对ACE抑制率的影响最为显著。优化后的工艺参数为:pH7.35,温度57.2℃,虾头与虾肉比例为1∶1。根据回归方程的预测结果,反应时间为4 h,其ACE抑制率达41.9%。     

An advanced irradiation facilities and its usage

1 INTRODUCTION Carrier type gamma irradiation, a new tech- nology have been developed rapidly in recent dec- ades in industry, agriculture, and science and tech- nology. In Qingdao Irradiation Center (QIC), a car- rier-type irradiator in overlapping sourc…     

Effects of Different Diets on the Dietary Attractability and Selectivity of Chinese Shrimp,Fenneropenaeus chinensis

1Introduction Shrimp and crab have sensitive chemoreceptors andthey are chemosensitive to substances dissolved in wa-ter(Chen and Sun,1992;Chen,1995,1996a,1996b).This capability is crucial to their feeding behav-ior?.It has been found in shrimp and crab that alarge number of chemical substances and some con-tents distilled from their diets can activate their feed-ing responses.These kinds of chemical substances anddistilled content are defined as'food attractant'or'feeding stimulant'(Fuzessa…     

矩形虾池环流的流动特点与流动阻力

对矩形虾池在水车式增氧机作用下产生的环流特点进行理论分析,结果表明,在转角处会形成涡旋,边壁附近在一定条件下会产生回流;利用ANSYS软件的FLOTRANCFD进行数值计算,获得与理论分析一致的结果,与现场实际情况吻合。并进一步对虾池阻力进行分析,提出了一些减阻措施。