Seismic recognition of local inhomogeneities

A simple method to contour local inhomogeneities using seismic data is proposed. It formalizes an approximate inversion method which is based on the interpretation of local inhomogeneities as making the differences between an actual seismic data set and a previous reference model. It uses the optimal statistical criteria of parameter estimation and recognition and the ray representation of the waves spreading. Any combination of direct, reflected and/or other types of waves may be used as the database. Inhomogeneities, having a size two times above the wavelength of the seismic waves, can be resolved. Laboratory experiments, using ultrasonic waves and analysis of data from field experiments, confirmed the theoretical results. The method can be used to search for ore bodies, kimberlite cubes, oiltraps, etc.     

航空像片在活断层研究中的应用

航片判读活断层的依据是断层地形学。航片判读活断层的关键是找出变位地形。变位地形是指由构造作用形成,非自然侵蚀作用所能形成的地形。航片判读变位地形的可信度分为三类。垂河向陡坎、背河向陡坎及反坡向陡坎被认为是可信度工的第四纪活动的变位地形。判读走滑断层的变位方向及变位量,需注意地貌面上的线性地物。利用不同变位基准的不同变位量可判读断层活动期次。本文通过中日航片判读活断层的14个实例,对变位地形的识别予以说明     

Site response using coda-wave techniques: Applications to short period data from central and southern Italy

The method of coda waves was applied to two different sets of data for the evaluation of the relative site response.The first set of data consists of low magnitude earthquakes with closely spaced locations, recorded at a small aperture array of velocimeters located in the Abruzzo region, central Italy. The second set of data is composed of events with epicentral distance ranging from 20 to 300 km, recorded at a seismological network with an aperture of about 100 km located in the Puglia region, southern Italy.Results show that the coda wave method furnishes stable estimates of the site effect. An amplification, relative to an arbitrary site, of a factor of about 2 occurs in the 1.7–6 Hz frequency band for two stations of the Abruzzo network, while an amplification factor of about 0.5 occurs in the whole frequency band (1–24 Hz) for one of the stations of the Puglia network. This station is located in an area which is correlated with a low macroseismic intensity anomaly.     

Three dimensional velocity structure beneath the Kunming Telemetered Seismic Network

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局地强风暴云团与中尺度锋面波动

本文分析了1982—1988年2—5月份的41例与中尺度锋面波动相关联的局地强风暴云团的活动和演变特征，给出了其强盛期天气系统配置模式及其在天气尺度云系演变中的表现型式，最后对其移动做了一般性讨论。     

顾及起始数据误差影响时单位权中误差的估值

本文推导了在附有条件的间接平差和附有未知数的条件平差两种方法中,顾及起始数据误差影响时,计算单位权中误差估值(?)的公式,并以两个实例说明,平差时应该考虑起始数据误差对(?)的影响。     

Probabilistic Assessment of Temperature in the Euganean Geothermal Area (Veneto Region, NE Italy)

In the geothermal Euganean area (Veneto region, NE Italy) water temperatures range from 60 to 86°C. The aquifer considered is rocky and the production wells in this study have a depth ranging from 300 to 500 m. For exploitation purposes, it is important to identify zones with a high probability that the temperature is more than 80°C and zones with a high probability that the temperature is less than 70°C. First, variographic analysis was conducted from 186 temperature data of thermal ground waters. This analysis gave results that are consistent with the main regional tectonic structure, the NW-SE trending Schio-Vicenza fault system. Then indicator variograms of the second, fifth, and eighth decile were compared to identify the spatial continuity at different thresholds. The unacceptability of a multigaussian hypothesis of the random function and the necessity to know the cumulative distribution function in any location, suggested the use of a nonparametric geostatistical procedure such as indicator kriging. Thus, indicator variograms at the cutoffs of 65, 70, 73, 75, 78, 80, 82, and 84°C were analyzed, fitted, and used during the indicator kriging procedure. Finally, probability maps were derived from postprocessing indicator kriging results. These maps identified scarcely exploited areas with a high probability of the temperature being higher than 80°C, between 70 and 80°C and areas with high probability of the temperature being below 70°C.     

局部重磁场源全方位成像理论概要(续)

作者近年来首创了"复杂条件下局部重磁场源全方位成像"理论体系。在本文中,概要阐述该理论体系中下延有限二度体复重磁场级数正演通式、复场模值全方位延拓和全方位反演等。     

鲜水河断裂带的构造大地测量

利用短边GPS点阵、短基线标石阵和精密激光测距 ,在与鲜水河断裂带的断层破裂带垂直的剖面上和构造盆地内进行构造大地测量 ,获得了断层软弱带和断层蠕变带上的最佳形变分布。综合利用相关地学成果和理论 ,揭示了构造形变所隐含的动力学信息 ,识别了断层应变带、塑性流变带和主断面在地面的分布范围。用外围GPS远场联测成果探讨了该断裂带的驱动力机制 ,匡正了其“左旋”运动和现今活动速度的含义。最后 ,评估了该断裂的地震活动趋势     

ANALYSIS ON WAVELET POWER SPECTRUM OF WARM AND COLD EVENTS IN THE NI?O REGIONS

We statistically analyze the tropical typhoon forming in the South China Sea and use TC (Tropical Cyclone) for short in the following) by typhoon yearbook. The typhoon quantity is very different in different months and years. TC appears in all months except March, and the most TC quantity in a year is 11, the least is 1 and 6.2 on average. The most TC quantity in a month is 5 and the least is 0. TC lands most in August and no TC lands on Chinese continent from December to the following April. The primary landing area is between Shantou and Hainan Island. The sustaining period of TC is usually between 4 days to 7days, and the longest is 19 days. Only 15% of the TC forming in the South China Sea can intensify to typhoon, and they all form in the ocean area deeper than 150m. The South China Sea is the ocean area over which the TC occurs frequently.