The informal Australian city

In recent years, a vibrant literature on urban informality has emerged in urban geography. A key claim of this literature is that informality is not only present in cities in the Global South, and that the concept can be usefully applied to understand important dimensions of urbanisation in cities in the Global North. In this paper, we apply insights from that literature to an examination of informality in Australian cities, as a means of deepening our understanding of changes currently underway in urban governance and politics. Drawing on that literature and our own research into informal practices in Australian cities, we examine the forces that help to produce informality, the diverse forms and agents of informality, the forms of authority that they enact, and their relationship to formal economies, regulations and politics. We use examples of informal housing, informal labour, do-it-yourself music venues, graffiti and its regulation, food foraging, and queer community building in Sydney to illustrate our arguments. We conclude by reflecting on the lessons learnt across these diverse cases for our understanding of urban governance and politics in Australia, and offer an agenda for further research on this issue.     

Effects of juniper removal and rainfall variation on tree transpiration in a semi‐arid karst: evidence of complex water storage dynamics

Brush removal is widely practiced as a tool for increasing groundwater recharge, but its efficacy depends greatly on the way in which the removed species interact with the hydrological system relative to the vegetation replacing it. We examined the effects of Ashe juniper removal in the recharge zone of the Edwards Aquifer, Texas, USA, a karst aquifer. The study was conducted in an Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei)–live oak (Quercus fusiformis) woodland on a hill slope composed of rocky, shallow soils over fractured limestone bedrock. Ashe juniper is a native species that has been encroaching grasslands and savannas over the past century. In September 2008, a plot was cleared of 90% of its juniper trees. Tree transpiration, predawn water potentials and vegetation cover across the cleared plot and an adjacent reference site were measured from May 2009 to December 2011. Stand‐level tree transpiration from May 2009 to March 2010 was diminished by a severe summer drought in 2009, from which trees were slow to recover. Subsequently, tree transpiration was 5–10× higher in the woodland compared to the clearing. For all of 2011, also a drought year, tree transpiration in the woodland exceeded precipitation inputs, indicating a high capacity for water storage at the study site. However, site differences for oak trees were generally larger than for juniper trees. While juniper removal accounted for a 431 mm year^?1 difference in tree transpiration between sites, vegetation cover in the clearing increased from 42% to 90% over two years, suggesting that understory growth was increasingly compensating for the loss of juniper transpiration. We conclude that the removal of a relatively shallow‐rooted tree, when replaced with herbaceous vegetation and low shrubs, has little effect on deep recharge. By contrast, successive years of precipitation extremes may be more effective increasing recharge by lowering the water transport capacity of trees in the aftermath of severe drought. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

倾斜摄影测量技术在拆迁测绘中的应用

传统拆迁测绘方法通过外业入户调查测量房屋及附属物边长,内业测算面积,难以在不增加成本的情况下提速增效并满足不断加速推进的城市更新工作。无人机倾斜摄影测量技术作为近年测绘领域兴起的高新技术,可以自动生成实景三维模型,并在此基础上生产大比例尺地形图,采集地物尺寸及结构要素,简化外业测量工作。本文提出了基于倾斜摄影测量技术的旧村拆迁测绘模式,并在北山旧村拆迁项目中验证了该模式的可行性。试验结果表明,地形图、地物尺寸和面积精度符合规范要求,生产效率得到明显提高。     

实时视频网络监测系统在地质灾害防治中的应用——以东莞市为例

随着经济的高速发展和城市化建设的加速,人们愈来愈重视地质灾害(滑坡、崩塌和泥石流等)对经济建设和人民生命财产的严重威胁.在对东莞市进行了地质灾害调查的基础上,提出了"实时视频网络监测系统",拟对该市重要地质灾害隐患点进行监测和预警预报.     

浅谈街景工厂在建立北镇市实景三维模型中的应用

通过对北镇市实景三维模型建立的案例分析,介绍了基于RCD30倾斜影像数据在街景工厂下快速制作高质量城市实景三维模型的关键技术。在实际生产中,参考像素工厂使用经验,结合我院生产情况,设置街景工厂中的关键技术参数。总结了提高街景工厂制作实景三维模型效率的经验方法,并提出生产中存在的问题,为实景三维模型更好地建立提供技术参考。     

An overview on shallow strong earthquake activity and earthquake live losses of Chinese mainland in the centenary from 1901 to 2001

Introduction It is well known that China locates in the southeastern part of Eurasian Plate, which subjects to the action of westward subducting of Pacific Plate and Philippine Sea Plate, and northward col- lision of Indian Plate. So China is a country with strong seismicity. There are two kinds of earth-quake activities in China. In the Chinese mainland most of the earthquakes belong to the intraplate ones, and in Taiwan of China belong to interplate ones. According to the statistics 9…     

Vaccination in three different ways against vibriosis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Seriola dumerili</Emphasis> caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio hollisae</Emphasis>

Bacterin was prepared by formalin-inactivating the virulent strain of Vibrio hollisae isolated from diseased Seriola dumerili （amberjack） suffering from vibriosis. Healthy S. dumeriIi were vaccinated by respective procedures of intramuscular injection, immersion, and orally administration. Results of the three different vaccinations were compared. Blood was drawn from the vaccinated fish every 7 days, and the antibody titers and lysozyme activities of the sera were determined. The antibody titer of injected fish was 1：40 at 7 d, and reached its peak of 1：320 at 28 d, while the fish vaccinated by immersion and orally administration exhibited weak antibody responses, the antibody titres of 〈1：10, 1：20, 1：160 were observed at 7 d, 14 d, 35 d respectively. Compared with the control, the vaccinated fish exhibited significantly higher lysozyme activities （P〈0.05）. Upon challenge with virulent strain, the relative percent survival （RPS） of injected, immersed and oral administrated fish were 75%, 45%, and 40% respectively, and the injected fish showed significantly higher RPS than immersed and oral administrated fish. The results suggested that vaccination of S. dumerili by the injection would be the best strategy to prevent the vibriosis in S. dumerili farm.     

溶藻弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾免疫功能的影响

应用溶藻弧菌疫苗饲喂凡纳滨对虾,测定了弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾免疫指标的影响以及 疫苗的免疫保护作用。结果发现,投喂弧菌疫苗后,溶菌活力在12～20d内迅速增强,在20d时 活力达到最高,VF1组高于VF2和VF3组,但VF2和VF3之间差异不显著;凝集效价在投喂后的 第8天开始升高,在14d时达到最高,实验组的凝集活力均高于对照组,但实验组之间无明显的差 异;而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和溶血活力变化不明显。以每克饲料含疫苗细胞1.0×109、 1.0×108和1.0×107个的浓度投喂,对凡纳滨对虾的免疫保护率分别为66.7%、46.7%和13.3%。 可见弧菌疫苗对凡纳滨对虾的免疫保护率随疫苗浓度的增大而升高。     

时间序列分析的直播星用户开卡预测

针对同一地区不同时间内直播星电视服务用户的数量变化特征,该文提出了基于时间序列的直播星用户预测方法,并通过ARIMA模型预测用户数量。分析了ARIMA模型的建立方法和评价参数,对时间序列模型ARIMA(p,d,q)的参数进行不同组合的尝试;利用模型评价参数(平稳的R方和正态化的BIC)确定模型的阶数p、q;对模型进行参数检验和显著性检验,根据检验结果确立最终模型为ARIMA(4,2,3);采用宁夏用户数据对模型拟合效果进行验证,进而对未来几个月的用户数量进行预测。结果表明,时间序列模型ARIMA(4,2,3)对宁夏用户数量变化的预测准确度比较高。     

Vaccination in three different ways against vibriosis of Seriola dumerili caused by Vibrio hollisae

Bacterin was prepared by formalin-inactivating the virulent strain of Vibrio hollisae isolated from diseased Seriola dumerili (amberjack) suffering from vibriosis. Healthy S. dumerili were vaccinated by respective procedures of intramuscular injection, immersion, and orally administration. Results of the three different vaccinations were compared. Blood was drawn from the vaccinated fish every 7 days, and the antibody titers and lysozyme activities of the sera were determined. The antibody titer of injected fish was 1:40 at 7 d, and reached its peak of 1:320 at 28 d, while the fish vaccinated by immersion and orally administration exhibited weak antibody responses, the antibody titres of <1:10, 1:20, 1:160 were observed at 7 d, 14 d, 35 d respectively. Compared with the control, the vaccinated fish exhibited significantly higher lysozyme activities (P<0.05). Upon challenge with virulent strain, the relative percent survival (RPS) of injected, immersed and oral administrated fish were 75%, 45%, and 40% respectively, and the injected fish showed significantly higher RPS than immersed and oral administrated fish. The results suggested that vaccination of S. dumerili by the injection would be the best strategy to prevent the vibriosis in S. dumerili farm.