约代尔旋回沉积与腕足动物群落的演替

根据内蒙古准格尔旗晚石炭世含煤地层的约代尔旋回层序,分析了腕足动物群落的演替和顶极群落的识别标志。指出约代尔旋回和顶极阶段、衰退阶段都是良好的时间标志,根据群落演替的各个阶段,可以较精确地划分和对比地层,其精度优于化石组合带方法。     

越南岸外晚第四纪上升流与东亚夏季风变迁

通过对南海西部越南岸外１７９５４—３柱状样中浮游和底栖有孔虫的定量分析,结合碳酸钙、有机碳和稳定同位素数据,获得南海西部上升流区近２０万年来的古海洋学记录,进而讨论了晚第四纪东亚夏季风的变迁。结果表明,在间冰期,尤其是末次间冰期,越南岸外出现表层海水古温度低、温跃层浅、生产力高,同时底层海水富营养的现象,说明上升流的存在,且该上升流有从氧同位素５期(ＭＩＳ５期)向１期逐渐减弱的趋势。结合南海现代海流及生产力分布的研究,推断该上升流由东亚夏季风驱动,其强弱的变化说明,东亚夏季风在近２０万年来有间冰期增强、冰期减弱,且从ＭＩＳ５期向ＭＩＳ１期递减的特征。     

钱塘江下切河谷SE4孔晚第四纪沉积环境与古气候演化*

综合钱塘江下切河谷SE4孔岩心观察和描述及粒度、孢粉、测年等分析数据,探讨了钱塘江下切河谷晚第四纪沉积环境和古气候演化,揭示了其气候变化机制下沉积响应的具体过程。研究表明SE4孔晚第四纪沉积物自下而上包括河床亚相、河漫滩亚相、古河口湾相、浅海亚相和现代河口湾相5套沉积。研究区晚第四纪以来古植被和古气候演化分为6个阶段:第一阶段植被类型为阔叶树为主的针阔混交林—草原,气候温和偏湿,沉积了河床和河漫滩亚相;第二阶段为落叶栎稍多的针阔混交林,气候温和湿润,沉积了古河口湾相和浅海亚相;第三阶段为针阔混交林,气候温暖湿润,浅海亚相沉积发育;第四至第六阶段植被类型经历了针阔混交林—草原、针阔混交林、针阔混交林—草原的交替,气候经历了温和偏干、温和偏湿、温和偏干的变化,现代河口湾相沉积发育。     

华北地区晚古生代煤的煤质特征与结焦性研究

华北是我国重要炼焦用煤基地之一,开展华北晚古生代煤的结焦性能研究具有重要实际意义。在对 ２６ 个矿点的煤样进行煤岩学与煤化学分析的基础上,采用 １０ ｋｇ 小焦炉试验研究了单种煤的结焦性能,并利用一元非线形回归分析探讨了主要煤质参数与焦炭强度之间的关系,认为煤的镜质组平均反射率、活／惰比、粘结指数以及胶质层最大厚度是影响焦炭强度的主要因素。     

深圳湾北岸新民孔的Q_3~3-Q_4~1气候记录

对深圳湾北岸新民钻孔岩心沉积物中铁、钒元素、矿物鉴定的伊利石以及生物指标贝类介壳揭示的环境特征资料进行了分析,研究初步表明,该钻孔岩心沉积物理深12．12～10．91m层段的杂色花斑粘土中存有晚更新世晚期至早全新世气候波动的记录。钒元素和伊利石分析也得到了相应的证实。所记录的短期降温和升温事件可能表明,在第四纪末次冰期-冰消期中,气候曾强烈波动,并逐渐由晚冰期向冰后期过渡。这对研究晚武木冰期最低海面时期以来,海面回升及晚更新世晚期／早全新世的古环境方气候影响提供有价值的资料。     

晚第三纪以来黄土高原风积序列的压实校正及其古气候意义

晚第三纪以来黄土高原完整连续、高分辨率的风尘堆积序列为研究以冬、夏季风组合为特征的东亚季风环流长期演化提供了很好的气候信息载体。利用高压固结试验结果,基于高分辨申的磁化率和容重测量及相关性分析,初步探讨了黄土、古土壤及红粘土不同地层单元的压缩特性,校正了压实作用对容重的影响,获得了更真实的东亚季风气候演化信息。有助于深入探讨晚第三纪以未东亚李凤阶段性演化特征及其与太阳辐射、全球冰量变化、青藏高原阶段性隆升等气候控制因子之间的密切关系。     

行星状星云中CO(1-0)谱线发射的新观测

利用紫金山天文台青海观测站１３．７ｍ射电望远镜,对５个行星状星云给出了新的谱线观测结果。其中行星状星云Ｍ１－８和Ｍ３－３已探测到ＣＯ（２－１）的发射,给出了它们的ＣＯ（１－０）观测结果;为曾进行过ＣＯ观测,但未探测到ＣＯ发射的行星状星云Ｍ１－１２、Ｍ２－４３和ＮＧＣ６５３７,第一次证认了它们的ＣＯ（１－０）发射。     

The fossil oribatid mite fauna (Acari: Oribatida) in late-glacial and early-Holocene sediments in Kråkenes Lake, western Norway

The oribatid mite assemblages found in late-glacial and early-Holocene sediments in Kråkenes Lake, western Norway, consist of 38 species within 24 genera. In accordance with known present habitat distribution we distinguish 4 true aquatic species, 6 species associated with wetland, 2 with mesic grassland, 12 with dry grassland and heathland, 3 with saxicolous and arboricolous lichens, 7 widely distributed species, and 4 with uncertainly known habitat preferences. The sediments from the pioneer phase (12,300-11,700 ¹⁴C BP) contain 7 species, among them the 2 typical pioneer species Limnozetes ciliatus and Tectocepheus velatus.The sediments of the warmer Allerød interstadial (11,700-10,900 BP) contain 18 species, the cold Younger Dryas (10,900-10,000 BP) 9 species, and the early Holocene (10,000-9,000 BP) 36 species.The oribatid fossils of the pioneer phase indicate habitats and climate similar to the mid-alpine zone in western Norway today, the Allerod interstadial that of the low- to mid-alpine zone. L. ciliatus is the aquatic pioneer species in the Allerod. In the Younger Dryas the climate was more arctic, 60-70% of the species had presumably disappeared, and no aquatic species were found. In the early Holocene, 4 true aquatic species colonised the lake and showed a high productivity. The terrestrial oribatid fauna in this period contained a high diversity of more boreal species, while the alpine species declined or became extinct.     

金沙江支流硕曲河中更新世红土层的发现及地质意义

金沙江支流硕曲河V级及以上阶地阶面和两级带状剥夷面上发现中更新世红土层。根据ESR、     

Magnetic polarity sequences from downhole measurements in ODP holes 998B and 1001A,leg 165, Caribbean Sea

The magnetostratigraphy of sediments drilled at two sites (998 and 1001) in the Caribbean Sea during the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 165 is established directly from downhole measurements. For the first time in the ODP, the magnetostratigraphy of sediments is determined from both logging magnetic data and paleomagnetic analysis of core material for an age interval of about 16 m.y. across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. The total magnetic induction and the susceptibility of the surrounding sediment were recorded in situ and continuously by the GHMT (Geological High-sensitivity Magnetic Tool). The aim of processing these data is to determine the magnetic polarity. At Site 998 (Cayman Rise), no paleomagnetic results are available from the recovered cores given a hard secondary overprint. Nonetheless, a magnetostratigraphic sequence from early Miocene to late Oligocene is proposed from the analysis of the GHMT data. The comparison with biostratigraphic results shows the accuracy of the resulting magnetic polarity. At Site 1001 (Hess escarpment), cores were recovered in two holes thus allowing the comparison of the magnetostratigraphic results obtained from the GHMT data and from paleomagnetic analysis of core samples over a length of 200 m representing about 16 m.y. from early Eocene to late Cretaceous times. The sedimentation rates computed from the determined magnetochrons are very similar and correspond to the ones obtained from shipboard biostratigraphic results. One of the most striking result obtained from the magnetostratigraphic results, especially the GHMT data, at Site 1001, is the abrupt decrease in the sedimentation rate across the K/T boundary. This suppressed sedimentation lasted at least 4 Ma after the K/T event.