塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏远井储集体定量化表征及动用技术

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层主要储集空间为溶洞和裂缝,直接钻遇溶洞比例达50%。针对目前远井储集体特征认识模糊、动用难度大等问题,基于物质平衡原理及注水指示曲线、液面恢复曲线等资料,对远井储集体的规模、裂缝导流系数、地层能量进行定量化研究,形成了一套远井储集体参数定量化表征技术。基于远井储集体特征,运用酸化、高压注水、复合措施等方法提高对远井储集体的动用,并在塔河油田推广应用,高效井占75%以上,有较好的应用前景。     

融合高时空分辨率数据估算植被净初级生产力

植被净初级生产力NPP(Net Primary Production)遥感估算与分析,有赖于高时空分辨率的遥感数据,但目前中高分辨率的遥感数据受卫星回访周期及天气的影响,在中国南方地区难以获取连续时间序列的数据,从而影响了高精度的区域植被净初级生产力的遥感估算。为此,提出一种基于多源遥感数据时空融合技术与CASA模型估算高时空分辨率NPP的方法。首先,利用多源遥感数据,即Landsat8 OLI数据与MODIS13Q1数据,采用遥感数据时空融合方法,获得了时间序列的Landsat8 OLI融合数据;然后,基于Landsat8 OLI时空融合数据,并采用CASA模型,以长株潭城市群核心区为例,进行区域植被NPP的遥感估算。研究结果表明,基于时间序列Landsat融合数据估算的30m分辨率的NPP具有良好的空间细节信息,且估算值与实测值的相关系数达0.825,与实测NPP数据保持了较好的一致性。     

克拉玛依油田二厂八区套管破损机制研究

克拉玛依油田二厂八区井区经过长期开采出现了大量的套管破损问题。对套管破损位置进行总结归纳发现,套管破损主要存在于白垩系吐谷鲁群、侏罗系齐古组、二叠系乌尔禾组等地层中。对研究区连井进行地层对比、地震数据体进行波阻抗反演和砂体分析,发现研究区内白垩系吐谷鲁群和侏罗系齐古组的砂体十分发育,广泛存在于整套地层中。砂体中流体的渗流作用对套管的腐蚀为套管破损的主要因素。泥岩吸水蠕变膨胀、油层出砂和固井质量不合格为套管破损的其他因素。     

Correlations Between Biogenic Components and Dust Input and Their Change Mechanism on Hess Rise,Central North Pacific,During the Late Quaternary*

The study of marine export production is helpful to trace the changes of oceanic and global carbon reservoirs. Dust input is an important factor inspiring marine export production. Measurements of carbonate, Opal, TOC and C_org/N were performed on Core SO202-37-2, which was retrieved from Hess Rise, central North Pacific during the German SO202-INOPEX Expedition, for reconstructing variations of the local export production and dust input. The core age model is constructed via morphologically correlating its foraminifer oxygen isotope record with those of Core H3571 and the LR04 stack. XRF-Ti/Ca can be used as a proxy for dust input and its distribution pattern is consistent with that of Opal content, possibly indicating that dust input may have affected the local export production, i.e. the local export production increased (decreased) with enhancing (declining) dust input during interglacial (glacial) periods. Fluctuations in dust input might be due to southward/northward migration of the Westerly Jet over the dust source regions during interglacial and glacial periods. Although global dust output increased during glacial periods, meridional migration of the Westerly Jet in this area made the distribution pattern of the dust deposition in the study area different from that of other areas.     

基于北斗LBS技术的新疆地理国情普查安全生产监控系统的设计研究

在荒漠或人烟稀少地区,需要先进的应急救援管理手段来保障野外测绘作业人员的生命安全,基于北斗卫星导航系统的LBS技术能够解决安全生产问题。本文在分析新疆地理国情普查安全生产监控系统建设总体结构的基础上,阐述了其设计方案和安装部署,并探讨了系统各功能的实现方法,并验证了该系统能够为野外作业人员的位置定位、报警及指挥中心的监控和应急救援发挥作用。     

北斗二代卫星导航系统在生产车辆管理中的应用

北斗二代卫星导航系统是我国自主实施、独立运营的卫星导航系统。具有独特的优势和广阔的应用前景。基于北斗二代卫星导航的应用开展得如火如荼。本文正是以此为契机,通过分析现行生产车辆管理现状,尝试北斗二代卫星导航系统在生产车辆管理中的应用,满足本单位对生产车辆的管理要求,也为其他政府、企业及个人用户提供应用示范。     

文化旅游地空间生产背景下居民社会空间感知模型与实证研究——基于对周庄古镇的调查

在田野调查基础上,采用SPSS 18.0和AMOS 17.0数据统计软件对周庄文化旅游地空间生产背景下的居民社会空间感知进行了统计和处理,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,对居民社会空间感知模型以及不同职业和类型居民感知差异进行了测度研究,结果显示:①周庄居民社会空间感知总体上存在由利益关联、价值效能和情感眷恋组成的三维结构.②在感知次序上,呈现“利益关联→价值效能→情感眷恋”递减分异规律,本质上反映了深层结构是一种经济表层→社会感知→心理感知从外而内的感知规律.居民并未因具有参与旅游开发的机会权能而表现出对旅游开发的全面认同,在社会认同感知和心理认同感知层面还未得到深入,反映的居民社会空间感知是一个充满矛盾的感知结构.③不同职业和类型居民因参与旅游内容或程度不同对三维结构同样存在依次递减的分异规律,且每类群体间存在差异状态.研究认为,高质量的社会空间感知具有认知结构的全面性,居民社会空间感知结构的不平衡性对增进旅游空间生产的社会凝聚力提出新的诉求,提高居民空间参与程度和感知需要从有限参与→发展参与→充分参与的路径逐步改善.研究对周庄古镇旅游理性发展和可持续发展具有一定启发.     

Moving players,traversing perspectives: Global value chains,production networks and Ghanaian football labour migration

This article examines the production and transnational export of Ghanaian football labour. It does so via a cross-disciplinary approach that utilises perspectives rooted in the sociology of development (global value chains) and economic geography (global production networks). The article is underpinned by two central arguments. Firstly, it contends that the GVC framework is useful in accounting for how Ghanaian players are produced and prepared for the international market, identifying the key agents and agencies involved, mapping the geography of production and export and assessing the institutional context within which the trade operates locally, nationally and internationally. The second draws on the GPN perspective to argue that while Ghanaian football labour migration remains a process contoured by uneven asymmetries of power that favour actors, stakeholders and entities in the global North, there are currently segments of the production–export chain where power is much more diffuse and some benefits are captured in the global South. The paper draws on interview data and observations gleaned from four periods of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in Ghana between January 2008 and June 2011.     

The Southern Ocean silica cycle

The Southern Ocean is a major opal sink and plays a key role in the silica cycle of the world ocean. So far however, a complete cycle of silicon in the Southern Ocean has not been published. On one hand, Southern Ocean surface waters receive considerable amounts of silicic acid (dissolved silica, DSi) from the rest of the world ocean through the upwelling of the Circumpolar Deep Water, fed by contributions of deep waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. On the other hand, the Southern Ocean exports a considerable flux of the silicic acid that is not used by diatoms in surface waters through the northward pathways of the Sub-Antarctic Mode Water, of the Antarctic Intermediate Water, and of the Antarctic Bottom Water. Thus the Southern Ocean is a source of DSi for the rest of the world ocean. Here we show that the Southern Ocean is a net importer of DSi: because there is no significant external input of DSi, the flux of DSi imported through the Circumpolar Deep Water pathway compensates the sink flux of biogenic silica in sediments.     

潘庄地区煤层气U型水平井技术工艺研究

我国已在多个地区进行了20余口煤层气U型水平井施工,但总体尚处于勘探实验阶段。为了研究潘庄地区煤层气U型水平井施工技术工艺,以寺河井田西区煤层气U型水平井为例,分析了实验区地质条件的可行性,重点研究了钻井技术工艺并初步考察了产气效果。结果表明：潘庄地区3#煤层含气量大、构造及水文地质条件简单,煤层产状稳定且厚度较大,原生结构煤体发育,比较适合U型水平井的施工。煤层气U型水平井具有技术工艺复杂、增产效果明显的特点,先进的工具仪器和技术工艺为煤层气U型水平井施工成功提供了技术保障,其最高产气量达到22 000m^3/d,相当于5-6口普通高产垂直井的产气效果,可为煤矿区煤层气抽采利用提供关键技术支撑。