惯性／双星组合导航系统的滤波与仿真

介绍了惯性导航系统和双星导航系统各自的运行方式和优缺点；详细推导了组合导航系统的误差方程和量测方程；介绍了Kalman滤波的整个过程并最后进行了仿真计算。仿真结果显示，惯性导航系统和双星导航系统的组合弥补了各自的不足，具有较好的精度和可靠性。     

双星/罗兰C组合导航方式研究

为了降低卫星导航的使用风险，美国和一些导航大国都积极加强其陆基无线电导航系统特别是罗兰C系统的进一步研究。这说明在开发应用卫星导航系统的同时，还必须继续发展陆基无线电导航系统。因此，我国在大力发展双星导航系统的同时，还应继续加强罗兰C系统的研究，积极开发双星／罗兰C组合导航的潜力。对双星／罗兰C组合导航技术的数据组合方法进行介绍，比较了不同组合方式的导航精度及工作性能。     

二维电子地图和三维虚拟场景的互响应

本文提出了基于二维电子地图与三维虚拟场景之间相互响应的思想来克服它们各自的局限性.简要的描述了相互响应的原理、表现形式、实现流程及实现方法.最后提出了一些结论和展望.     

一种层状大地瞬变电磁响应正演计算的改进方法

频谱法是瞬变电磁法正演计算中常用的计算方法之一,其关键在于内层含贝塞尔函数的积分计算。对于重叠回线装置的瞬变电磁法正演的内层积分,以往采用在积分区间内寻找贝塞尔函数的零点分布,依次在相邻零点之间采用一般的数值积分法在求得各自的积分值后再叠加的方法进行计算。这种方法精度较高,但效率低。利用贝塞尔函数的大宗量渐近特性,提出一种新的计算方法。计算结果表明,该方法计算效率高、方法简单、精度可靠。     

盐城凹陷朱家墩气田综合化探异常及其地质意义

用酸解烃、顶空气、吸附丝及甲烷碳同位素方法对盐城凹陷朱家墩气田进行了综合油气化探测量,建立了该区这几种方法指标的化探异常模式,在总结已知油气区异常规律的基础上,优化化探方法及指标组合并运用于未知区域,圈定了油气远景靶区。探讨了地表化探异常与石油地质特征的关系,为化探异常的地质解释提供了可借鉴的思路。     

控制内蒙古二连盆地达尔其油田石油富集度的关键因素——不同油源原油的混合作用

在对3套烃源岩的质量和成熟度描述基础上,通过对原油物理性质、族组成和生物标志化合物参数的研究,在达尔其油田内划分出成熟度有明显差异的低熟油和成熟油。油源对比结果认为它们分别由都红木组一段低熟烃源岩和阿尔善组二段成熟烃源岩所生。推测成熟度参数介于低熟和成熟之间的原油为混源油。通过原油混合试验和油砂连续抽提试验证实了混源油的推测。通过油藏剖面中不同性质油层的分布特征研究,结合断层发育史与油气运移关系分析认为不同油源原油的混合是控制该油田石油富集度较高的关键因素。此外,还分析了控制混源的断层组合特征。     

Can A Cup Anemometer `Underspeed'?

An analysis of cup-anemometer dynamics has been carried out inorder to determine whether the mean-wind velocity can have anegative bias. This would be contrary to the general belief thatcup anemometers always overspeed. Compared to prior analyses, theeffect of a possible nonlinearity of the calibration function isincluded. The conclusion is that neither longitudinal nor lateralvelocity fluctuations can contribute significantly to a negativebias. However, if a cup anemometer has an angular response thatfalls below the ideal cosine response, there will, as demonstratedin the concluding discussion, be a negative contribution from thevertical velocity fluctuations to the total bias, and thiscontribution may even outbalance the positive contributions fromthe longitudinal velocity fluctuations. Concrete evidence of suchexotic cup anemometer behaviour has not been reported in theliterature.     

Seismic response of self‐centring hysteretic SDOF systems

The seismic response of single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems incorporating flag‐shaped hysteretic structural behaviour, with self‐centring capability, is investigated numerically. For a SDOF system with a given initial period and strength level, the flag‐shaped hysteretic behaviour is fully defined by a post‐yielding stiffness parameter and an energy‐dissipation parameter. A comprehensive parametric study was conducted to determine the influence of these parameters on SDOF structural response, in terms of displacement ductility, absolute acceleration and absorbed energy. This parametric study was conducted using an ensemble of 20 historical earthquake records corresponding to ordinary ground motions having a probability of exceedence of 10% in 50 years, in California. The responses of the flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF systems are compared against the responses of similar bilinear elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF systems. In this study the elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF systems are assigned parameters representative of steel moment resisting frames (MRFs) with post‐Northridge welded beam‐to‐column connections. In turn, the flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF systems are representative of steel MRFs with newly proposed post‐tensioned energy‐dissipating connections. Building structures with initial periods ranging from 0.1 to 2.0s and having various strength levels are considered. It is shown that a flag‐shaped hysteretic SDOF system of equal or lesser strength can always be found to match or better the response of an elasto‐plastic hysteretic SDOF system in terms of displacement ductility and without incurring any residual drift from the seismic event. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Damaging properties of ground motions and prediction of maximum response of structures based on momentary energy response

Dynamic damaging potential of ground motions must be evaluated by the response behaviour of structures, and it is necessary to indicate what properties of ground motions are most appropriate for evaluation. For that purpose, the behaviour of energy input process and hysteretic energy dissipation are investigated in this study. It is found that the momentary input energy that is an index for the intensity of input energy is related to the characteristics of earthquakes such as cyclic or impulsive, and to the response displacement of structures immediately. On the basis of these results, a procedure is proposed to predict inelastic response displacement of structures by corresponding earthquake input energy to structural dissipated damping and hysteretic energy. In this procedure the earthquake response of structures is recognized as an input and dissipation process of energy, and therefore structural properties and damaging properties of ground motions can be taken into account more generally. Lastly, the studies of the pseudodynamic loading test of reinforced concrete structure specimens subjected to ground motions with different time duration are shown. The purpose of this test is to estimate the damaging properties of ground motions and the accuracy of the proposed prediction procedure. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Probabilistic analysis of peak response of MDOF systems with uncertain PSD function

The use of uniform hazard spectra which have the same probability of exceedance at different frequencies has been proposed for the future version of the National Building Code of Canada. Commonly used combination rules to estimate the peak responses of multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) systems are the square root of sum of squares rule and the complete quadratic combination rule. However, the probability that the peak response of a MDOF system exceeds the one estimated by using these rules with the peak modal responses from the uniform hazard spectra cannot be inferred directly. The assessment of the probability of exceedance of the peak response of MDOF systems is presented by considering that the uncertainty in seismic excitation due to all potential earthquakes can be lumped in the power spectral density function of the ground acceleration with uncertain model parameters. This probability is evaluated based on the random vibration of linear systems and the first‐order reliability method. It is found that the under‐ or over‐estimations are less than about 5 or 10% if the modal contributions are not within 10–90% of, or not within 20–80% of, the absolute sum of the effective modal peak responses, respectively. Otherwise, severe under‐ or over‐estimation could result. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.